高中英語省略句

1、Unit 2 GrammarEllipsis(省略省略)Module 8一、 省略句的定義 省略是為了避免重復、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語法修辭手段。省略在語言中，尤其在對話中，是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。 二、 句子成分的省略-why-why省略前提：主謂賓，定狀表，如有重復可刪掉。省略原則：詞語省略后，不致令人費解。省略類型： 1. 心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡單句中)； 2. 承前省后型(用于對話、并列句和動詞不定式中)； 3. 可有可無型(用于賓從中的that、定從中作賓語 的whom,which,that和某些狀從中); 4. 虛擬倒裝型(只用于需要倒裝的虛擬條件句中)。

2、三、句子成分的省略情況-how 1.省略主語，主謂語或主謂的一部分2.省略不定式符號to3.省略作賓語的不定式短語4.省略狀語從句中的S+be5.省略定從、賓從中的引導詞6.省略虛擬語氣中的if和should7.省略名詞性從句或從句的部分用not,so,neither,nor“替代” 1.省略主語、主謂語或主謂的一部分心照不宣型心照不宣型(用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡單句中用于祈使句和某些現(xiàn)成的簡單句中) .1.省略主語、主謂語或主謂的一部分承前省后型承前省后型(用于對話、并列句和動詞不定式中用于對話、并列句和動詞不定式中)1.作使役及感官動詞的賓補的不定式須省作使役及感官動詞的賓補的不定式須省t

3、o,但在被動語態(tài)但在被動語態(tài)中須將中須將to復原。復原。2.省略不定式符號省略不定式符號to 2）do nothing but do只（做某事)，cant but do(不得不), cant help but do(只能做某事，不得不做)，had better,may well (很可能),may as well(不妨)等固定搭配常接省略to的不定式。 E.g. We didnt do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.2.省略不定式符號省略不定

4、式符號to 3.省略作賓語的不定式短語省略作賓語的不定式短語 省略省略在在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate等后等后作賓語的不定式短語，作賓語的不定式短語，只保留只保留to，但如果該賓語是動，但如果該賓語是動詞詞be或完成時態(tài)，則須在之后或完成時態(tài)，則須在之后加上加上be或或have :(1) Are you going there?-Yes, Id like to(2) He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to(3) Are you an engineer? -No, but I w

5、ant .(4) He hasnt finished the task yet. -Well, he ought .(go there).(give me the chance).to beto have1.在在if, unless,when, while,once,though, as 等引導的等引導的狀語從狀語從句中，句中，從句的主語與主句的主語一致時從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可，可省省去去“主語主語+be”(1)When still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)She tried her best though rathe

6、r poor in health.(3)While cycling, dont forget the traffic lights. 騎車時，不要忘記看紅綠燈。騎車時，不要忘記看紅綠燈。(you are)(you)(he was)(she was) 2.) 英語中有一些固定的省略結構： 在以if, unless,when, while,once,though, as if（好象）等連詞引導的從句中，如從句中的主要動詞是be ，常將主語it 和動詞be 省略。 If necessary, we shall send a telegram home. 如有必要，我們就往家里打電報。 Wheneve

7、r possible, he will come to my help. 他一有可能就來幫助我。it isit is5.省略定從、賓從中的引導詞省略定從、賓從中的引導詞 1.)1.)連詞連詞ifif在虛擬條件句中省略后在虛擬條件句中省略后, ,從句語序有變從句語序有變化。化。(3） ） , what should we do?(1) , they would certainly have come and help us. (2) , I would do the work betterHad they had timeIfthey had had time 6.省略虛擬語氣中的省略虛擬語氣中

8、的if和和shouldIf I were youWere I youIfthere should be a floodShould there be a flood(should)2. 2.）在含有表示）在含有表示“一堅持二命令、三建議、四要求等詞后一堅持二命令、三建議、四要求等詞后的名詞性從句中使用的名詞性從句中使用“（shouldshould） + + 動詞原形動詞原形”表示虛表示虛擬語氣擬語氣。如：如：6.省略虛擬語氣中的省略虛擬語氣中的if和和should7.省略省略名詞性名詞性從句或從句的部分用從句或從句的部分用not,so,neither,nor “替代替代”省略名詞性從句或從句的

9、部分，可用省略名詞性從句或從句的部分，可用so so 或或 notnot代替。常代替。常用于此類的動詞有用于此類的動詞有believe , think, expect, guess, believe , think, expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppose, say, tellhope, imagine, suppose, say, tell等以及等以及appear, appear, seem, afraid etc.seem, afraid etc.(4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess

10、not.(1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think so(2) She must be busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.(3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid not.1. havent seen you for ages.2. sounds like a good idea.3. sorry to hear that.4. this way, please!5. joining us for a walk?6. some more tea?7. doesnt mat

11、ter.8. pity you couldnt come.9. terrible weather!10. going to the supermarket?Exercise IItI amwalkWould you likeWould you likeItIt is aWhat/SuchAre youexercise 1.She can swim under water longer than I can swim under water.2.They discussed whether they should stay in the house or they should try the

12、open air.3.They had a meal, they went out for a walk and then they came back to sleep. 4. Dont bathe if you dont to bathe.5.I dont visit my parents as much as I ought to visit my parents. Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts.1. The burn that she got from the iron was red and i

13、t was very painful.(_) 2. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl was on the right side of the sick woman. 3. She has a daughter who is in hospital. 4. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor .(_) (_)(_)5. Did she pass the first aid test that she did yesterday or di

14、dnt she pass?or not.6. She could not decided whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital .7. When your nose is bleeding, you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat.8. Only some of the students have done a first aid cou

15、rse but most of the students havent done a first aid course .not down your throat.2.These sentences are correct. However, one or more words have been left out. Can you tell your partner which words are missing ?1) The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government. The temple (which is)

16、 surrounded by awall belongs to the local government. 2) The first book I read this term was more interesting than the second. The first book (that) I read this term was more interesting than the second (book that I read this term).3) To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam th

17、an expected. To her teachers surprise, she didbetter in her first aid exam than (she was) expected (to do). 4) I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have. I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have (returned from the hospital). 5) He wanted to

18、help the accident victim but his friend didnt. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt (want to help the accident victim). 6) You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to (borrow my first aid notes). 7) Sounds like a good idea.

19、 (It) sounds like a good idea. 8) Anything I can do for you? (Is there) anything I can do for you?1.-Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends_. A/ B.to C.so D.that2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D.

20、do not to 3. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losingB.A.C.4.If_,well continue our experiment after office hours. A.being necessary B.be necessary C.is necessary D.necessary6. Generally speaking, _according to directions, the dru

21、g has no side effect. A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken5.- Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe itC. I believe not so D. I believe not D.D.B.7. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and_. A. the othe

22、r is white B. another whiteC. the other white D. another is white8. - Would you like some wine? - Yes, just _. A. little B. very little C. a little D. a fewC.C.Choose the best answers.1)-Tomorrow is a holiday. Why areyou doing your homework? -I am doing these exercises now so that I wont have _ on Sunday. A. it B. them C. for D. to2)-Shall I invite Ann to my