教案表-反意疑問(wèn)句

1、教案Class:雅思語(yǔ)法Date:PlaceContents & difficults反意疑問(wèn)句的用法及練習(xí)Teaching Procedures:Step 1 Greeting and revisionStep 2 Check the homeworkStep 3 反意疑問(wèn)句的用法 1、什么是反意疑問(wèn)句英語(yǔ)中，反意疑問(wèn)句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問(wèn)句組成。其中附加疑問(wèn)句是對(duì)陳述句所說(shuō)的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)，起證實(shí)作用，一般用于證實(shí)說(shuō)話者所說(shuō)的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)。 2、反意疑問(wèn)句用法說(shuō)明注意：反意疑問(wèn)句前后兩部分謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)是，“肯定陳述否定疑問(wèn)”或“否定陳述肯定疑問(wèn)”簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句如果是否定式，not應(yīng)

2、與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞當(dāng)說(shuō)話者的目的不在疑問(wèn)，而是為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用降調(diào)當(dāng)說(shuō)話者的目的在疑問(wèn)，則用升調(diào)陳述部分含“too.to”時(shí)，是否定句1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?（我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？）2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。I wish to have a word with you, may I?（我希望可以和你說(shuō)話，可以嗎？）3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing,

3、nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。The Swede made no answer, did he / she?Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ?4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。正式文體用should/ought +主語(yǔ)+not形式。He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn&#

4、39;t he?5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)（didn't +主語(yǔ)）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadn't you?Yo

5、u'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldn't +主語(yǔ)。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Amu

6、st表示“應(yīng)該”，其疑問(wèn)部分用mustn't（不應(yīng)該），如： You must work hard next term, mustn't you ? 下學(xué)期你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)嗎？ Bmust表示“必須”，其疑問(wèn)部分用needn't（不必），如： They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他們今天必須要完成這項(xiàng)工作，是嗎？C陳述部分含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mustn't，表示禁止時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分就可以用must或may，如： You mustnt stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把

7、車停在這地方，知道嗎？ Dmust表示推測(cè) ，其疑問(wèn)部分必須與must 后面的主要?jiǎng)釉~相呼應(yīng)。如： 對(duì)現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作或存在的情況的推測(cè) ： You must know the answer to the exercise, don't you? 你一定知道這項(xiàng)練習(xí)的答案，是不是？ That must be your bed, isn't it? 那一定是你的床，是嗎？ 對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的情況的推測(cè)： a 表示肯定推測(cè) （一）句中陳述部分沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)疑問(wèn)部分中的動(dòng)詞就用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。（havent / hasnt + 主語(yǔ)）You must have told he

8、r about it, havent you? 你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？（二）陳述部分有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，疑問(wèn)部分的動(dòng)詞就用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。（didnt + 主語(yǔ)）She must have read the novel last week, didnt she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說(shuō)了，是嗎？ b 表示否定推測(cè) 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，否定式通常不是must not，而是can't (cannot).如： He can't have been to your home; he doesn't know your address, does he? 他不可能去過(guò)你家；他不知道

9、你的位置，是不是？ 11) 感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。What colours, aren't they?What a smell, isn't it?12) 陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句a

10、. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose

11、, imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, can't she?但此時(shí)主語(yǔ)必須是第一人稱如果不是則不能否定從句如 He thought they were wrong,didn't he?而不能說(shuō)weren't they?15) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he.Everyone

12、 knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you/he?當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意

13、疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意： Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won

14、't you）?18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20)當(dāng)主句是由so引起的一個(gè)句子，而且譯為“這么說(shuō)來(lái)”時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的

15、謂語(yǔ)形式（肯定或否定）應(yīng)與主句保持一致。So you have seen the film, have you?So he has not been to Beijing ,hasn't he? 補(bǔ)：Let's和Let us的區(qū)別1.Let's是Let us的縮寫。包括說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)話人雙方在內(nèi)，含有催促、建議或請(qǐng)對(duì)方一起行動(dòng)的意思。在聽(tīng)話人表示贊同建議時(shí)可只用Let's.如：-Shall we go by train？-Yes，let's.2.當(dāng)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己（第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)）做某事時(shí)，要用Let us，這里的 us 不包括聽(tīng)話對(duì)方在內(nèi)，不能縮寫為L(zhǎng)et&

16、#39;s.如兩個(gè)同學(xué)對(duì)老師說(shuō)：Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.讓我倆給你移動(dòng)一下書架。3.兩者在構(gòu)成附加疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，方法不同。如：Let's go to see the film,shall we ?咱們?nèi)タ措娪埃脝?？Let us go to see the film,will you?讓我們?nèi)タ措娪埃脝?？快速記憶?陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)部分Iaren't IWishmay +主語(yǔ)no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,肯定含義 rarely, little等否定 含義的詞o

17、ught to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語(yǔ) have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ)) used todidn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ) had better + v.hadn't youwould rather + v.wouldn't +主語(yǔ)you'd like to + v.wouldn't +主語(yǔ)must根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定感嘆句中be +主語(yǔ)Neithernor, eitheror 連接的根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定 并列主語(yǔ)指示代詞

18、或不定代詞 everything,that,主語(yǔ)用it nothing,this并列復(fù)合句謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定 定語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的 主從復(fù)合句根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)的從句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或needneed (dare ) +主語(yǔ) dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do +主語(yǔ)省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句will you/won't you/can't you？ Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使

19、句Shall we? Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句Will you?there be相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語(yǔ)代詞）否定前綴不能視為否定詞仍用否定形式must表"推測(cè)"根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句 反意疑問(wèn)句的回答對(duì)反意疑問(wèn)句的回答，無(wú)論問(wèn)題的提法如何，如果事實(shí)是肯定的，就用yes，事實(shí)是否定的，就要用no。要特別注意陳述句部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定式提問(wèn)時(shí)，回答yes或no與漢語(yǔ)正好相反。這種省略回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。例 -He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜歡踢足球，不是嗎？-Yes

20、, he does. / No, he doesnt. ，是 他喜歡。/ 不 他不喜歡。-His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹沒(méi)有參加會(huì)議，是嗎？-Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不，她參加了。/ 是的，她沒(méi)參加 若be動(dòng)詞后是never/few/little,后面的動(dòng)詞仍用肯定形式反意疑問(wèn)句是英文中常見(jiàn)的一種句型，它提出情況或看法，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方同意與否，被廣泛應(yīng)用于英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。反意疑問(wèn)句通常由兩部分構(gòu)成：前一部分用陳述句的形式（statement），后一部分是一個(gè)附著在前一部分上的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句(也叫tag qu

21、estion)。所附簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)與陳述句的保持一致，而且兩部分的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。反意疑問(wèn)句有四種類型：（1）肯定陳述+否定簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句；（2）否定陳述+肯定簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句；（3）肯定陳述+肯定簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句；（4）否定陳述+否定簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句。其中，前兩種運(yùn)用最為廣泛。除此之外，反意疑問(wèn)句還有“祈使句+簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句”的形式，這種用法通常用于減弱祈使語(yǔ)氣。如: Carry this parcel for me, can you? 給我拿一下包，好嗎？反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成有以下幾點(diǎn)特殊情況須注意：1當(dāng)陳述句的主語(yǔ)是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)通常用the

22、y。如果陳述句的主語(yǔ)是非人稱的復(fù)合詞，如everything, something, anything, 則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中相應(yīng)的人稱代詞是單數(shù)的中性詞it。例如:Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didnt they?Nobody came, did they?Everyone thinks theyre the center of the universe, dont they?Nothing can stop us now, can it?2當(dāng)陳述句是表示存在的句子時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句用there 作形式主語(yǔ)。例如:There isnt a book on th

23、e table, is there?Theres something wrong, isnt there?There wont be any trouble, will there?3如果陳述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定詞, 如seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, nowhere, nothing，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句通常用肯定形式。但如果陳述句中僅包含有否定前綴，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中用否定形式。例如：He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?The rules are invariable, arent they?He seldom pays

24、 more attention to his pronunciation, does he?He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money, does he?4陳述句中是I am時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句則用arent I。例如:I am an excellent English speaker, arent I?I am late, arent I ?5陳述句中是非限定人稱代詞one時(shí)，正式文體中，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)為one，而非正式文體中用you。例如: One m

25、ust be honest, mustnt one?6含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句中，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句一般反映主句中主、謂之間的關(guān)系。但如果主句是I think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等時(shí)，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句反映的是that從句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。例如：They agreed that the United States shouldnt make a war on Iraq, didnt they?I suppose (that) he is serious, isnt he?注意：否定詞移位的情況，如：I dont suppos

26、e (that) he is serious, is he?7如果陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have (當(dāng) “擁有”講時(shí)), 簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句可用have形式或用do形式。例如：You have a nice house, havent/dont you?但如果陳述句是否定形式時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中動(dòng)詞的選擇則由陳述句中的動(dòng)詞形式而定。例如：He hasnt a house of his own, has he? He doesnt have a house of his own, does he?如果陳述句中的動(dòng)詞 have 表示“經(jīng)歷，遭受，得到，吃”的意思時(shí)，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中的動(dòng)詞用 do的形式。例如：You often have headaches, dont you?8當(dāng)陳述句的動(dòng)詞是ought to時(shí)，英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句用ought，而美