2020年年10月高等教育自學考試現(xiàn)代語言學試題

1、xx年10月全國高等教育自學考試現(xiàn)代語言學試題課程代碼：00830。DirectionsReadeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestpletesthestatementandputtheletterACorDi nthebrackets.（2% 10=20%1.Chomskyusestheterm（）torefertotheactualrealizationofalanguageusersknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinlinguisticmunica

2、tion.A.langueB.petenceC.paroleD.performance2.IntermsoftheplaceofarticulationthefollowingsoundstdsznsharethefeatureofA.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental3.TransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby in1957.A.L.BloomfieldB.F.SaussureC.N.ChomskyD.M.A.K.Halliday4.Naturallanguagesareviewedtovaryaor

3、dingtosetonUGprinciplestoparticularvalues.A.AdjacentConditionB.parameters，B，)。C.CaseConditionD.Caserequirement5.Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhichgirl”and“l(fā)ass”belongiscalled（）synonyms.A.stylisticB.dialectalC.emotiveD.collocational6.Theillocutionarypointofistoexpressthepsychologica

4、lstatespecifiedintheutterance.A.representativesB.missivesC.expressivesD.declaratives7.ModernEnglishwordsman，woman，child，eat，fight，A.MiddleEnglishB.OldEnglishC.FrenchD.NormanFrench8.Inadiglossiccountrythetwodiglossicformsofalanguagearegenerallytwovarietiesofthesamelanguage，buttherearesituationsinwhic

5、htheH-varietymayhavenorelationshipwiththeL-variety.A.geicB.socialC.directD.close9.Manyaphasicsdonotshowtotallanguageloss.Ratherdifferentaspectsoflanguageareimpaired.Aphasicsinarearevealword-findingdifficultiesandproblemswithsyntax.A.WernikersB.visualect.originatefrom)。C.motorD.Broca s10. ()motivatio

6、nourswhenthelearnerdesirestolearnasecondlanguageinordertomunicatewithnativespeakersofthetargetlanguage.A.InstrumentalB.FunctionalC.IntegrativeD.Socialn。DirectionsFillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithonewordthefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly ，andyo

7、uarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%x 10=10%)11.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse ，itissaidtobed.12.Stops，fricatives ，affricates ，liquids ，andglidesallhavesomedegreeofoandarethereforeconsonants.13. Misthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.14. Aisthemovementofanauxi

8、liaryverbtothesentence-initialposi-IaI ”aI”“ I ” J.tion ，suchas“be”，“ have”，“ do”etc.15. Riswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworlditisamatteroftherelationshipbetweenformandthereality.cwerestatementsthateitherstateordescribe andwerethusverifiable.17.Intheprocessoffirstlanguageacquisitionchildrenus

9、uallyconstructtheirpersonalgrammarsandtheirlanguagedevelopsinstagesuntilitathegrammaticalrulesoftheadultlanguage.18. Asmunityisonegroupallofwhosememberssharethesamelanguageoratleastasinglelanguagevariety.19. Peoplemaymunicatetheirfeelingsorthoughtsviansignalssuchasfacialexpressions， gestures ，postur

10、es ，orproxemicspace.20. Althoughthedevelopmentofamunicativesystemisnotuniquetohumanbeings，thenaturalacquisitionoflasasystemofhighlyabstractrulesandre16.InAustinsearlyspeechacttheory24.（）gulationsforcreativemunicationiswhatdistinguisheshumansfromallotheranimalspecies.皿。DirectionsJudgewhethereachofthe

11、followingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalseyoumustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.10=20%)21.（）Thewritingsystemofalanguageisalwaysalaterinventionusedtorecordspeech；thustherearestillmanylanguagesintodaysworldthatc

12、anonlybespoken，butnotwritten.22.()Insuchsoundbinationsas/bi：p/，/geip/and/su：p/，thevoicelessstop/p/，nouncedwiththestrongpuffofairwithheldtosomeextent.23.（）Thepartofspeechofthepoundisalwaysdeterminedbythepartofspeechofthesecondelement，withoutexception.Therelationshipbet

13、weentheembeddedclauseanditsmatrixclauseisoneofaparttothewhole.(2%x，isunaspirated，25. （）Thecontextualistviewofmeaningholdsthatmeaningshouldbestudiedintermsofthesituationalcontextandlinguisticcontext.26. （） Searlesclassificationofillocutionaryactsisbasedontheclassificationofperformativeverbs.27. （）One

14、kindoflanguagechangeresultsinanincreaseofthenumberofexceptionalorirregularmorphemes.Thiskindofchangehasbeencalledinternalborrowing thatis ，we“borrow ”fromonepartofthegrammarandapplytherulegenerally.28. （）Therearedifferencesinthewaypeopleofvariousagecategoriesspeak.Thedifferencesmosteasilynotedbythel

15、aymanarelikelytobegrammaticalinnature.29. （）Thelefthemisphereofthebrainissuperiortotherighthemispherebecausethelefthemisphereislanguage-dominant.30 （）AchildborntoaChineseorEnglishspeakingfamilytakesaboutthesamenumberofyearstoacquiretheirnativetongueregardlessoftheirgeneralintelligence.IV。Directions:

16、Explainthefollowingtermsusingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.31. assimilationrule32. root33. boundmorphemes34. surfacestructure35. grammaticality36. elaboration37. bilingualism38. creole39. theSapir-Whorfhypothesis40. fossilizationVo Answerthefollowingquestions.41. Thephonologicalfeaturesthatourabovethelevelofindividualsoundsarecalledsuprasegm