高考英語第一輪單元基礎知識復習

1、高考英語第一輪單元基礎知識復習類別新課標學習要求詞匯n. 1.擔心，關注 2德語，彳g國人 3.權禾I，能力 4窗簾 5伙伴，合伙人 6.公路，大路 7.包裹 8.手提箱9.大衣，外套 10十幾歲青少年11提示，尖端，小費 12項目，條款v. 1忽視，不理睬 2.打雷 3.交換定居,解決 5痊愈，恢復 6不同意 7.不喜歡 adj. 1.心煩意亂的 2松散的，松開的 3積滿灰塵的 4感激的adv. 1.在戶外，在野外 2完全地 3確切地短語1.合計 2平靜，鎮(zhèn)定 3不得不，必須4關心，掛念 5.經歷，經受 6記下，放下，登記 7.一連串的 8.故意地 9.在黃昏10.面對面地 11.遭受 12

2、 對 .厭倦13與.相處，進展 14愛上 15參加，加入句型 while walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.i don' t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.it was the first time in a year and a half that i ' d seen the night face to face.mum asked her if she was ve

3、ry hot with so many clothes on.強調結構語法 1.she said : "i don ' t want to set down a series of facts in adiary.”she said that she didd t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.2 .was it an accident or did david do it on purpose?f i wondered if it had been an accident or david had done it

4、 on purpose.3 . father asked ann when she went to bed the night before.一 “when did you go to bed last night? ”，father asked.XX高考命題趨向分析1.suffer用作及物動詞和不及物動詞的用法是學生易混淆的考點之一。當suffer用作及物動詞時，指“遭罪”，不突出原因，指遭受一般的 損害、痛苦；而作不及物動詞時，通常與介詞 from連用，指“受- 折磨”，突出原因（即其后面跟名詞），指遭受長期的或習慣性的痛苦 或困難。此考點仍可能是XX年高考命題的側重點2. situati

5、on為新課標重點詞匯，是歷年高考中的?？荚~匯，其測試點 不僅僅限于單項填空。通常考查situation, condition和state當“情形， 境況”講時的用法區(qū)別。此考點在 XX年高考命題中仍會是考查的重 點3.in order to, so as to, in order that和 so that 的區(qū)別一直是高考的設題 點?？忌趶土晜淇贾袘撟⒁猓海?） in order to引導目的狀語，位 于句首或句中；（2） so as to引導目的狀語，只位于句中；（3） so that（in order that）引導的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞常與may, might, can,co

6、uld等情態(tài)動詞連用。此考點可以和倒裝句以及連詞放在一起考查， 在復習備考中要倍加重視4 .go through, get through, look through 等帶 through 類的動介型短語之間的意思辨析和多層意思，一直是高考關注的焦點，一定要掌握，明確其使用方法，考生要根據語境判斷區(qū)分和判斷。 近三年的全國各 地高考題都有對此類考點的考查，XX年仍作為復習的重點。共12頁， 當前第 1 頁 1234567891011125 .強調句式在近三年的高考題中均有考查，考生做此類題時，要注意 強調句中的變化和it句型的辨析。如：it be/has been-since; it be/w

7、illbe-before; it be-when等句型。XX年仍可能是高考設題的重點。6 .with的復合結構是歷年來高考的重點，考生要注意賓語補足語的非謂語動詞形式，尤其是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的選擇和使用。XX年山東卷、安徽卷、福建卷和重慶卷均對 with復合結構進行了考查。XX 年高考中可能仍要繼續(xù)關注此考點。7 . it/this/that is the + 序數(shù)詞 + time that 這是某人第一次 /第二次/ 第三次做某事。此句型為固定結構，XX年仍然是復習的重點1. add (vt./vi)力口，增加，補充說;比較 add up/add up to /add to 之區(qū)別；2.

8、point n.點；尖端；分數(shù)；v.指向，表明；3. concern v.使擔憂，使煩惱；與有牽連n.關心，關注，利害關系。1.1 t/this /that is the first/second .time that-clause;5 .with的復合結構；狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象；6 .before從句結構。1. （XX 浙江卷）it we had stayed together for a couple of weeks1 found we had a lot in common.a. was until; when b. was until; thatc. wasn' t unti

9、l; when d. wasn' t until; that2. （XX 重慶卷）it is not who is right but what is right is of importance.a. whichb. it c. that d. this3. （08 全國 ii） it was in new Zealand elizabeth first met mr. smith.a. that b. how c. which d. when4. （08 江西卷）my english teacher' s humor was make everystudent burst

10、into laughter.a. so as to b. such as toc. such that d. so that5. （08 天津卷）it was along the mississippi river mark twainspent much of his childhood.a. how b. which c. that d. where6. （ 08 重慶卷）it was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site.共 12 頁，當前第 2 頁 123456789101112a .that b. when c. while

11、d. as7. （09 陜西）from their on the top of the tv tower, visitors canhave a better view of the city.a. stage b. position c. condition d. situation8. （09 陜西） this is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family. ks5ua. see b. had seen c. saw d. have seen ks5u9. （09 海南） i tried phoning her

12、 office, but i couldn ' t.a. get along b. get onc. get to d. get through10. （09 湖d匕）would you please the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?a. look around b. look into c. look up d. look through11.(09 江西)it was he came back from africa that yearhe met the girl he would like t

13、o marry.a. when; then b. not; until c. not until; that d. only; when一.詞匯短語突破1. add (vt./vi)加,增加，補充說用法：add- to把加到上；add to增添；add up合計；add up to總計；in addition 另夕卜；in addition to 除之外活用：1) his whole school education no more than one year.2) ,the bus service will run on sundays, every two hours.3) without

14、 more coal the fire, it would soon go out.2. point n.點；尖端；分數(shù)；v.指向，表明常見短語：to the point切題，on the point of doing將近，就要 的 時候， there is no point/sense in doing sth.做無用；point to 指向;point at指著；point out指出。在定語從句中，先行詞是 point,situation,position,case ,scene ,stage階段)等時， 常用 where 弓I導, 在從句中作狀語?；钣茫?)we were(start)

15、 out when it began to rain.2)in getting angry.3)at the meeting, he the dangers of driving alone.4)after graduation, she reached a point in her career she neededto decide what to do. a.which b. that c. where d. how共 12 頁，當前第 3頁 1234567891011123. concern v.使擔憂，使煩惱；與有牽連n.關心，關注，利害關系。結構：be concerned abou

16、t/for 擔憂， 關心；be concerned in/with 與有牽連；as far as sb be concerned就而言拓展：of much concern彳艮重要，彳艮有關系； concerning prep.關于1) don' t get involved in what doesn' tyou.2) 就我而言)，the sooner, the better.3) 擔心)her son' s safety, she walked up anddown in the room.4) the “ socialist concept of honor and

17、 disgrace ” will be /艮重要)in education.5) the comments which he made(concern) marketing bothered his boss greatly.二.重點句型突破1. it/this /that is the first/second .time that-clause .這/那是第一次/ 二次.做某事，止匕時that從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，但如果主句中用was, 則that從句用過去完成時。1) -have you ever been there before?-this is the first time i(be)

18、to the summer palace.2) i must be going. it' s time i (pick) up my daughter from school.3)by the time you come back, we(finish) our homework.4)it is time for us(go ) to bed.2. with的復合結構with +賓語+賓補(形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定 式)，在句中常做狀語。判斷賓補時注意：v-ing表主動、進行；v-ed 分詞表被動且完成；to do表將來動作。1) she was thinkin

19、g for a while with her eyes(close).2) he often sleeps with his windows(open).3) she ran and ran with beads of sweat(run)down her face.4) with a lot of homework(do),tom couldn ' t go out to play with them.3.強調句型基本結構it is/was+被強調部分+that/who/whom+其他成分【基礎過關】it is/was+被強調部分+that/who/whom+其他成分原句：i met

20、 li ming at the railway station yesterday昨天我在車站碰見了 李明。強調主語：it was i that/who met li ming at the railway station yesterday. 強調賓語：it was li ming that/whom i met at the railway station yesterday.強調地點狀語：it was at the railway station that i met li ming yesterday. 強調時間狀語：it was yesterday that i met li min

21、g at the railway station.【拓展延伸】注意：(1)在這種強調句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他成分。如果被強 調的部分是表示人的意義的名詞時，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他成分；如果被強調的部分是表示事物意義的名詞時，用 that 引出句子的其他部分。但是，無論被強調的部分是地點狀語還是時間 狀語，都不可以用 where或者when.如：it is that man who/that teaches our english.(2)原句的謂語動詞時態(tài)是一般過去時、過去進行時、和過去完成時，用 it was-淇他時態(tài)用 it is-.共 12頁，當前第 4頁 12

22、3456789101112 如：it was my telephone number that miss white happened to know.懷特 小姐碰巧知道到的就是我的電話號碼(3)對“一not-until- “這一結構進行強調時，一般使用" it is/was not until-that- “這一句型進行強調。如：i didn' t go home until the rain stopped.直至U雨停了我才回家 強調句為：it was not until the rain stopped that i went home.(4)被強調的部分是人稱代詞，如

23、其在原句中作主語，則應該用該人稱代詞的主格形式；如果作賓語，則用其賓格形式it was she(her) who told the police.就是她報告警察的it was you who we were talking about.(5)強調句的一般疑問句句型：is/was+it+that/who/whom -?was it ten years ago that his father died?(6)強調句的特殊疑問句型：疑問詞 +is/was+it+that/who/whom -?when is it that you will set off?你到底什么時候出發(fā)？【點撥】a.強調句型的

24、結構不難掌握，要想準確使用它，須明確一點：去掉 it is/was-that-結構不會對句子的完整性造成影響，這是區(qū)分它與其他句子的一個重要標志it was i who advised him not to do it.去掉后：i advised him not to do it.(完整句)b.強調句型容易與主語從句、狀語從句、同位語從句和定語從句混淆it is quite clear that we need more practice彳艮顯然，我Cl需要多實踐此句看上去像是強調句型的句子，而實際上，它是主語從句。it在句中充當形式主語，真正的主語為 that所引導的從句。判斷的理由為去掉i

25、t be-that結構后，原句不完整。再如：it was at about 12 o' clock that the fire was put out.大火在大約 12 點被撲滅了。（強調句型）it was about 12 o' clock when the fire was put out.撲滅大火的時候大約在12點（定語從句）即景活用：1）-that makes her different from the other students?-honestly, hard work and,i suppose,a bit of imagination.a. what do y

26、ou know b.what do you think it isc. how do you believe d.how come that2） -where did you get to know her?-lt was on the farm we worked（XX濟寧模擬）.a. that b.there c.which d.where3） i just wonder that makes him so excited. （XXL|東模擬）a. why it does b.what he does c.how it is d.what it is三.背誦下列經典句子（來自課本）1.1

27、wonder if it' s because i haven t been able to be outdoors for so long that i' ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.2.i would be grateful if you could give me some advice.3.she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.4.according to an

28、ne, a true friend is a person whom you can trust and share your happiness and sorrow with.共 12 頁，當前第 5 頁 123456789101112四.美文背誦（文理分科話題）recently, abolishing science-humanities division has aroused a nationwide debate . many people go firmly for it, which they think is in line with the international tr

29、end and can broaden students' horizons, as a result, their comprehensive power can be improvedhowever, some others hold the opposite view, in their opinion, the current educational resources are too limited to fulfill the aim of offering students wide education in all aspects, so it may be sensi

30、ble for students to concentrate on what they are interested in and gain some knowledge in advance in some specific area sas far as i am concerned, i firmly stand for the abolition of such an educational system, for only those who develop well in all aspects can survive in the complex world . it'

31、 s easier for them to gain the good qualities, such as self-control, conscientiousness, and adaptability, etc. these qualities can ensure you a bright world in your career.一.高頻詞匯訓練1 .the villagers（1 受）a lot after the flood. for example,they had no houses to live in.2 .there is a lot of air in the 松的

32、）snow. it can keep you warm.3 .the hotline helps many 出幾歲的青少年）who are growingup.4 .all children like to play 住戶夕卜）instead of staying indoorswhen the weather is fine.1.1 said hello to her, but she（F 理睬）me completely.1.2 ur parents are always（關心）about our study and health all the time.1.3 am 感激的）to yo

33、u for your timely help.8 .as is known to us , knowledge is（量）.9 .after the terrible hurricane, the whole house was destroyed 任全地）.10 . it was quite terrible. it took me some time to 便鎮(zhèn) 靜）down myself.二.運用短語的正確形式填空set down ,face to face , be concerned about, in order to ,on purpose, get along with , g

34、o through, suffer from1 .he always works late and we his health.2 .many people the loss of relations in the wenchuan earthquake in sichuan.3 .the boys find it hard to tom, because he always argueswith them over little things.4.i wouldn' t gladly that unpleasant experience again.1.1 will the stor

35、y as it was told to me.6 .they were fighting preserve their independence.7 .bless your heart ; i know you didn ' t break the vase.dont cry.共12頁，當前第6頁1234567891011128 .the burglar turned the corner and found himself with apoliceman.三.翻譯下列句子1 .把我欠你的錢全部加起來。(add up, owe).2 .他不辭而別讓她感到不樂。(be upset tha

36、t).3 .我們大家都擔心著她的安全。(be concerned about).4 .這是他第三次來我們學校。(it' s-time that-).5 .我并不十分熱衷于中餐。(be crazy about)6 .為了趕上早班汽車，他起得很早。(in order to).四.單項選擇1. it' s he had to send his brother to hospital he was late.a. that; go b. for; that c. because; so d. because; that2.when from the hill, the buses lo

37、ok small.a. seen b. seeing c. see d. to see3. he caught a bad cold. he on more clothes that day.a. should have put b should have puttedc. had put d.was put4. i have no money on me.a. happened b. happened to c. happened to be d. happened that5. you' d better your score and see if you have passed

38、the exam.a. add up to b. add to c. add up d. add6. the early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the newland.a. go along with b. go back on c. go through d. go into7. the speech which he made the project bothered me greatly.a. being concerned b. be concernedc. concerned d. concerning8. tom k

39、ept quiet about the accident lose his job.a. so not as to b. in order not to 共 12 頁，當前第 7 頁123456789101112 c. in order to not d. not so as to9. -it is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students.-oh, today we are still heavy school work, aiming at preparingus for the entran

40、ce examination.a. suffering from b. suffered fromc. suffer to d. suffering to10. mary went to her teacher for on how to work out the problem.a. an advice b. advice c. advices d. the advices第一節(jié)完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36-55各題所給的四個選項（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。the true story of treasure islandit was alwa

41、ys thought that treasure island was the product of robert louis stevenson' s imagination 36? recent research has found the truestory of this exciting work.stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 37 for many years .in 1881 he returned to scotland for a 38 .with him were his american wife fanny and his s

42、on 39.each morning stevenson would take them out for a long 40 over the hills .they had been 41 this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. kept indoors by the heavy rain ,lloyd felt the days 42 .to keep the boy happy, robert asked the boy to do some 43. one morning,

43、 the boy came to robert with a beautiful map of an island. robert 44 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 45 .“what' s that ?” he asked "that' s the 46 treasure "，said the boy. robert suddenly 47 something of an adventure story in the boy' s 48 .while the rain

44、was pouring ,robert sat down by the fire to write a story. he would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy just like lloyd .but who would he the pirate （海盜）？robert had a good friend named henley, who walked around with the 50 of a wooden leg, robert had always wanted to 51 such a man in a story. 52 long

45、john silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was 53共 12 頁， 當前 第 8頁 123456789101112 so thanks to a 54 september in scotland ,a friend with a wooden leg andthe imagination of a twelve-year-old boy ,we have one of the greatest 55 stories in the english language.36. a. howeverb. thereforec. besidesd. fina

46、lly37. a. aloneb. next doorc. at homed, abroad38. a. meetingb. storyc. holidayd. job39. a. lloydb. robertc. henleyd. john40. a. talkb. restc. walkd. game41. a. attemptingb. missingc. planningd. enjoying42. a. quietb. dullc. busyd. cold43. a. cleaningb. writingc. drawingd. exercising44. a. doubtedb.

47、noticedc. decidedd. recognized45. a. the seat), the housec. scotlandd. the island46. a. forgottenb. buriedc. discoveredd. unexpected47. a. sawb. drewc. maded. learned48. a. bookb. replyc. pictured. mind49. a. starb. heroc. writerd . child50. a. helpb. problemc. used, bottom51. a. praiseb. producec.

48、included, accept52. a. yetb. alsoc. butd. thus53. a. readb. bornc. hiredd. written54. a. rainyb. sunnyc. coold. windy55. a. newsb. lovec. real-lifed. adventure36. a. howeverb. thereforec. besidesd. finally37. a. aloneb. next doorc. at homed, abroad38. a. meetingb. storyc. holidayd. job39. a. lloydb.

49、 robertc. henleyd. john40. a. talkb. restc. walkd. game41. a. attemptingb. missingc. planningd. enjoying42. a. quietb. dullc. busyd. cold43. a. cleaningb. writingc. drawingd. exercising44. a. doubtedb. noticedc. decidedd. recognized45. a. the seab. the housec. scotlandd. the island46. a. forgottenb.

50、 buriedc. discoveredd. unexpected47. a. sawb. drewc. maded. learned48. a. bookb. replyc. pictured. mind49. a. starb. heroc. writerd . child50. a. helpb. problemc. used, bottom51. a. praiseb. producec. included, accept52. a. yetb. alsoc. butd. thus53. a. readb. bornc. hiredd. written54. a. rainyb. su

51、nnyc. coold. windy55. a. newsb. lovec. real-lifed. adventure 共 12 頁，當前第 9 頁 123456789101112第三節(jié)：閱讀理解（09全國ii）guatemala city （reuters） a fish that lives in mangrove swamps（紅 樹沼澤） across the americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted （適應）to land millions of years

52、 ago, a new study shows.the magrove rivulus, a type of small killifish, lives in small pools of water in a certain type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of belize, the united states and brazil. when their living place dries up, they live on the land in logs （圓木），said scott t

53、aylor, a researcher at the brevard endangered lands program in florida.23來源網絡整理，僅供供參考the fish, whose scientific name is rivulus marmoratus, can grow as large as three inches. they group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again. the new scientific discovery

54、came after a trip to belize.“we kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out, taylor told reuters in neighboring guatgemala by telephone. he said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an american magazine early next year.in lab tests, taylor said he found the fish can li

55、ve up to 66 days out of water without eating. some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. the walking catfish found in southeast asia can stay on land for hours at time, while lungfish found in australia, africa and south america can live out of water, but only in an inactive s

56、tate. but no other known fish can be out of water as long as the mangrove rivulus and remain active, according to patricia wright, a biologist at canada s university of guelph.further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time.“these animals live in conditions similar to those that e

57、xisted millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition過渡）from water onto land," wright said.1. the mangrove rivulus is a type of fish that.a. likes eating nutsb. prefers living in dry placesc. is the longest living fish on earthd. can stay alive for two months out of water2. who will write up a report on mangrove rivulus?a. patricia wright b. researchers in guatemalac. scientists from belize d. scott taylor3. according to the text, lungfish cana. breathe through its skinb. move freely