book8unit3詞匯

1、選修 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsReading1. call up 給打 ；喚起,使想起He called me up to tell me the good news.他打 給我并告訴我這個好消息.If you want my help , just call up.The old photo calls up memories of my childhood.Music can call up people feelin gssand experiences.聯(lián)想拓展call on/at 拜訪(on后跟人；at后跟地點(diǎn)名詞)call for要求;提倡

2、；為叫喊call in召集；召來;來訪call off取消；延期call on .to do 號召做This is the work that calls for patience.Human Rights groups are calling for the release of political prisoners.He had to call off the meeting because of the bad weather.I ' ll caon him tomorrow, do you want to visit him with me?The government th

3、en called in troops to deal with the disturbances.2. now and then時而,不時,偶爾Now and then/again,we heard shots in the woods.相關(guān)短語：from time to time有時； 不時(every) now and again 時而； 不時3. seem1) seem +to be +形容詞/名詞/介詞短語/分詞Something seemed to be wrong with him.You seemed to be in a great hurry.The first memor

4、ies seemed to be connected with work.He seemed to be a good leader.2) seem構(gòu)成的句式：It seems that.It seems as if/ as though.There seems (to be )It seems that everyone was satisfied.It seems as if you are the first one here.There seems (to be) no reason for believing him.4. distinguish vt. & vi. 1)區(qū)分

5、；識別I can ' t distinguish the twins for they are so alik喊分不清這對雙胞胎,由于他們太像了.I can distinguish them at a distance. 從遠(yuǎn)處我能認(rèn)出他們.2)(常與from, between連用)；區(qū)別,區(qū)分distinguish A from B 區(qū)分 A 與 Bdistinguish A from B 把 A 與 B 加以分開distinguish between A and B 區(qū)分 A 和 BCan you distinguish between those two objects? 你能區(qū)

6、分那兩個物體嗎？Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong.應(yīng)當(dāng)教育孩子分辨是非.3） distinguish oneself使出眾,使著名,引人注目,知名The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom. 這個人因他的才智而揚(yáng)名.He distinguished himself by bravery. 他以勇猛知名.Yao Ming has already distinguished himself as an athlete.作為運(yùn)發(fā)動姚明已享有盛名.5. set about st

7、h./doing sth.不用于被動語態(tài)開始某工作；著手做某事I don ' t know how to sabout this job.I must set about my packing.我得開始收拾行李了.The new government must set about finding solutions to the country 's economic problems.新政府必須立即找出解決國家經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的方法.set out出發(fā)；啟程；懷著目標(biāo)開始工作to do6. abruptly adv.忽然地,唐突地 ,意外地,比suddenly的意外程度強(qiáng).abrup

8、t adj. 忽然的；意外的The road is full of abrupt turns. 這路有很多急轉(zhuǎn)彎.The meeting came to an abrupt end. 這會議忽然結(jié)束了.They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 它們忽然消失在附近的一個墻洞中.7. convenient adj. 便利的,方便的；就近的be convenient to/for sb. 某人方便It is convenient to do sth.做某事方便We must arrange a convenient t

9、ime and place for the meeting.Come and see me whenever it's convenient to you.無論你何時方便 .Our house is very convenient for the shops. 我們的房子離商店很近.convenience n.方便,便禾 1at one ' s convenient聲便的時候,在適宜的地方convenience food 方便食品convenience store 便禾 U 店for convenience 為了方便Come by to pick me up at your c

10、onvenience. 在你方便的時候, 請來接我.But once picked up, they tried to bite me.但是它們一被撿起來,就試圖咬我.once作為連接詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,后面可接現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞.Once opened, the museum will be very popular with the citizens.Once talking with him, you'll find him an easygoing man.once引導(dǎo)的從句中,要用一般時代替將來時.Once you have grasped English, you'

11、;ll be easy to get a well paid job.一旦你掌握了英語,你就會很容易找到一份報酬很高的工作.現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時Once he arrives, we can start.他一到我們就可以開始.一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時8. expectation n.預(yù)料；期待；期望in the expectation that預(yù)料著； 指望著in expectation of預(yù)料著,指望著beyond expectation出乎意料against / contrary to all expectations 與預(yù)料相反,出乎意料come/live up to one

12、9;s expectations 不負(fù)某人所望meet the expectation不負(fù)眾望He has little expectation of passing the exam. 他對測試及格不抱希望.I usually enjoy his films, but the last one didn 't come up to my expectations.我向來喜歡看他的電影,但最近的一部并不像我期望的那樣好.9. seizevt.抓住,捉?。徽紦?jù),指強(qiáng)烈的感情、愿望等忽然影響或限制某人；奪取某物,占領(lǐng)某地seize sth忽然抓住seize sb. by the arm 抓

13、住某人的手臂seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住時機(jī)be seized with被侵?jǐn)_；患/彳#病seize power奪取政權(quán)seize on/upon sth.意識到某事物而立即加以利用She seized me by the wrist.她抓住了我的手腕.I must seize the day, seize the hour 我必須只爭朝夕.His father asked him to seize the chance to make some money抓住時機(jī)賺一些錢 .Panic seized us.我們驚恐萬狀.We were seized 身不由

14、己 by a sudden impulse to run.He was seized with a slight attack of fever. 他有一,嵐發(fā)燒.The enemy seized the town after a violent attack.敵人猛攻后占領(lǐng)了這個城鎮(zhèn).The critics seized on抓住my mistake and said I was ignorant.in case "以防,萬一,后可接從句,也可置于句末.（1） conj.在的情況下,萬一 的話；以防,免得；in case后接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞常用一般 現(xiàn)在時態(tài),偶爾也用sho

15、uld+v.In case anything important happens , please call me up.萬發(fā)生什么重要的事情, 請打 給我.Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租車去,免得開會遲至U.2adv.以防萬一,免得You' d better carry some money in cas蛛最好帶些錢, 以防萬.It may rain.You ' d better take your umbrella in演麗磊下雨,你最好帶上傘以防萬一.1in case of在情形時,萬一,以防 后接

16、名詞或代詞In case of fire , ring the bell.萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi),請按鈴.I will take a raincoat with me in case of rain. 我將隨身帶件雨衣以防下雨.in this case如果這樣的話in that case如果那樣的話in any case 無論如何in no case決不位于句首,句子應(yīng)使用倒裝語序 Learning about languagefreezing1. mess n.雜舌L ,臟舌Lv.無所事事,混日子,胡鬧There is a lot of mess to clear up.This room is in

17、 mess.Stop messing about and tell me clearly what happened .The workman cleared up the mess before he left.be in a mess舌L七八糟get in a mess 陷入困境make a mess of打亂,把弄得很亂mess about around胡鬧,胡混mess up弄亂,弄臟Don' t mess about/around舌L鬧了 , come and help us.The children made a mess of the room.把房間弄得凌舌 L 不堪

18、The room is in a mess.雜舌L不堪2. bear bore , bornevt.1負(fù)擔(dān),承當(dāng)I doubt if that chair will bear your weight.我疑心那把椅子能否承受得了你的體重.Who will bear the responsibility/expense? 誰要負(fù)擔(dān)這責(zé)任 /費(fèi)用呢？ 2忍受,忍耐He can ' t bear being laughed珈無法忍受遭人嘲笑.3. bear sth.in mind 牢記You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depe

19、nd on you to become a good doctor.你要記住你的父母指望你成為一名好醫(yī)生.Using languageHe believed that one should always be curious and his most famous saying was:" Leave theoccasionally and dive into the woods. Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before. Follow it up,

20、 explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. All really big discoveries are the result of thought.他認(rèn)為人應(yīng)該保持一顆好奇心,他最著名的一名話是：偶'爾離開平路,去尋求困境.當(dāng)你這么做的時候,你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn)你從未見過的東西.跟蹤下去,不斷探索,不知不覺中,你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)某種值得思考的 東西占據(jù)著你的頭腦.所有真正偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)都是思考的結(jié)果.1. beaten t

21、rack 被踩出來的路；常規(guī) 慣例Sometimes it ' s unnecessary to leave the beaten track.keep track of與保持聯(lián)系；了解 的動態(tài) lose track of與失去聯(lián)系；不了解 的動態(tài)2. woods原指 森林,在這里有 險境,困境的意思.out of the woods表示 脫離麻煩或困難 .如：The situation is improving, but we are not out of the woods yet. 情況正在改善,但我們還沒有擺脫困境.3. every time用作連詞時,引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句Ev

22、ery time I listen to your advice,I will get into trouble.I ' ll think of it every time I listen to music.可以用作附屬連詞的短語有：由 不定代詞 +time“ each time,every time,any time介詞+the timeat the time在時候by the time 到為止序數(shù)詞、形容詞 + time the first time,last time,next timethe+瞬間名詞the moment,the instant,the minute,the

23、second 就the+時間名詞the day,the week,the autumn ,the month,the year,副詞做連詞immediately,directly,instantly1.I loved Golden Gate Bridge the first time I saw it.2.I told him that I wanted to team up with him last time I meet him.3.The moment I got home It began to rain.4.I will ring you up next time I hire a

24、 cook.Every time I sees him, the old man is sitting in the same chair.4. diver into迅速把手伸入,跳入；鉆研She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins.The diver dived into the pool from the high diving board.She has been diving into the Chinese literature.5. Suddenly he had a flash of inspiration.忽然間,

25、他靈光閃現(xiàn).a flash of inspiration 指靈感的閃現(xiàn) inspiration nC鼓舞或鼓勵的人或事物These events provided the inspiration for her first book.這些事是她第本書的靈感來源.v. 鼓勵；鼓勵 inspireadj.借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的inspiredadj.鼓勵人心的；鼓勵的inspiring6. currentn.氣流；水流,洋流；電流The current is strongest in the middle of the river .河中央的水流最急.This button switches the c

26、urrent on . 這個電鈕接通電流.(2) adj.時下的,當(dāng)今的,流行的,通用的Most of the old are interested in current events .大局部老年人都對時事感興趣.They are expecting profits of over $2 million in the current year .他們期望今年的禾U潤超過二百萬美元.The word is no longer in current use.這個詞已不再使用.currency n.通貨,貨幣currently adv.目前；當(dāng)前；時下at present (=at the pre

27、sent time)目前, 現(xiàn)在7. Being very stable, it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.(四面體)十分穩(wěn)定牢固,在橋梁設(shè)計領(lǐng)域的價值難以估量.Stable穩(wěn)固的；穩(wěn)定的；安定的The patient ' s condition is stable.The ladder doesn t seem verye.stabl a stable relationshipWe need a stable government.8. associatevt.聯(lián)想,聯(lián)系associate A with B把A和B聯(lián)

28、系在一起；由 A聯(lián)想到B be associated with.和有關(guān)associate with sb.與某人交往或常打交道I ' ve never associated you with this plac我從未把你和這個地方聯(lián)系在一起.I wouldn ' t want to be associated with Mckey我不想和 prjct方案有任何瓜葛.In our minds the Spring Festival is associated with happy family reunions.在我們心中,春節(jié)是和愉快的家庭團(tuán)聚聯(lián)系在一起的.Her parent

29、s didn ' t like her associating with net friend的父母不喜歡她和網(wǎng)友來往.I don ' t like these young men you ssociati'ngrwOh.我不喜歡你結(jié)交的這些年青人.9. practical實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的；實(shí)用的I want some practical advice.我想要些實(shí)際性的建議.It wouldn ' t be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend.我們跑那么遠(yuǎn)只為了去度個周末實(shí)在很不切實(shí)際.The dictionary is very practical.這本詞典非常