2018年北京高考英語試題及答案

1、2018年北京高考英語試題第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。例：Whatisthemangoingtorend?A.AnewspaperB.AmagazineC.Abook答案是A1. Whatroomdoesthemanwant?A.SinpleB.Double2. Whatwillthemanbuy?A.VegetablesB.Meat3. Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Go

2、fishingB.Gojogging4. Howmuchisthechange?A.$8B.$42A.B第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）聽下面4段對話或獨白。 每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6. Whenwillthewomangotoseethemovie?A.Friday.B.Saturday7. Wherewillthewomansitforthemovie?A.Inthefront.B.

3、Inthemiddle聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8. Whenwillthetwospeakersmeet?A.Onthe13thB.Onthe14th9. Whatisthemandoing?A.Persuadingthewomantoaccepthissuggestion.B. Makinganapologytothewoman.C. Invitingthewomantolunch.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethetwospeakers?C.TwinC.BreadC.GocampingC.$50C.SundayC.AtthebackC.Onthe15thC

4、.Intheclassroom5.Whatstheweatherlikethisafternoon?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthecaf.11.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthesummerschool?A.Thesizeoftheclass.B.Themathbook.C.Theteachers.12.Whereisthemanplanningtodo?A.BostonB.WashingtonD.C.C.NewYork聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13.Wheredoesthespeakergetinformationforthetrip?A.Thei

5、nternet.B.Travelagents.C.Guidebooks.14.Whatpublictransportationdoesthespeakerseldomtake?A.Planes.B.Buses.C.Trains.15.Whatkindofhotelsdoesthespeakerusuallystayin?A.Hotelswithlowprices.B. Hotelsprovidingmeals.C.Hotelsnearsightseeingplaces.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞，聽對話前，你將有2

6、0秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。CustomerPick-up/DeliveryFormPick-upDeliveryName16SmithAddressApartmentNo.23,No.2Front17TelephoneNo.J8_Type&AmountOne19pizzawithmushroomsandextracheesePrice&Payment12.50,paidin_20_第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的ABCD四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在

7、答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：Itssonicetohearfromheragain.,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.WhatsmoreB.ThatstosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。21.Volunteeringgivesyouachancelives,includingyourown.A.changeB.changingC.changedD.tochange22.DontturnoffthecomputerbeforeosingallprogramsyoucouldhaveproblemsA.orB.andC.b

8、utD.so23.ShakespearesplayHamletintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmadeB.wasmadeC.hasbeenmadeD.wouldbemade24thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.A.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.Found25.DoyouthinkMomandDadlate?-No,SwissAirisusuallyontime.A.wereB.willbeC.wouldbeD.havebeen26.

9、IhaveanappointmentDr.Smith,butIneedtochangeit.27.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where28.Hurryup!MarkandCarlus.A.expectB.areexpectingC.haveexpectedD.willexpect29.Whenwesawtheroadwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.A.blockB.toblockC.

10、blockingD.blocked30.Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,Iwantedtohireacar.A.incaseB.evenifC.eversinceD.ifonly31.makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhoD.Which32.Sowhatistheprocedure?Alltheapplicantsbeforeafinaldecisionismadebytheauthority.A.interviewB.areint

11、erviewingC.areinterviewedD.arebeinginterviewedpeoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.ALeap（跳躍）toHonorLeapingonanarrowbalancebeam（平衡木）isnoteasy.ButLolaWalter,a13-year-oldgymnast,isanexpertatit.Toperfectherskills,Lola36forfourhoursaday,fivedaysaweek.AtthestatechampionshipsinMarch,shefin

12、ishedseventhoutof16girls.sheislegallyblind,bornwitharareconditionthatcauseshereyestoshiftconstantly.Sheoftenseesdoubleandcan38thowfarawaythingsare.Whenshewaslittle,hermom39thateventhoughshecouldnts40e,shewasfearless.Sohermomsignedherupforgymnasticswhenshewasthree.Shelovedthe41rightawayandgymnasticsb

13、ecameherfavorite.Thoughlearninggymnasticshasbeenmore42forherthanforsomeofhertournaments,shehasneverquit.Shedoesntl4herstopherfromdoinganythingthatshewantsto.Shelikesthedeterminationittakestodothesport.Herbiggest44_isthebalancebeam.Becauseshehasdoublevision,sheoftenseestobeams.Shemustusehersenseoftou

14、chtohelpherduringherroutine.Sometimessheevencloseshereyes.45_Youyavetomindthatitlltakeyouwhereyouwanttogo.saysLola.A.toB.offC.withD.from33.ExpertsbelieveA.why34. IfweB.whereC.thatD.whatatableearlier,wecouldnA.havebookedB.bookedC.booktbestandinghereinaqueue.D.hadbooked35. Youneednttakeanumbrella.Itis

15、ntgoingtorain.Well,IdonA.mighttknow.Itdo.B.needC.would第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的項，并在答題卡上講該項涂黑。分,A、D.should共30分）B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選Thatsespeciallyimpressive.37Tobeatop-levelgymnast,onemustbebrave.Thebeamisprobablythemost46foranyonebecauseitsfourincheswide.Atthestatecompetition,Loladidn47the

16、beam.Infact,shegotan8.1outof10-herhighestscoreyet.Loladoesntwanttobe48differentlyfromtheothergirlsonherteam.Atthecompetitions,thejudgesdontknowabout49VisjpnShedoesntellthem,becauseshedoesntthinktheyneetoknow.Hermomisamazedbyher50attitude.Lolaneverthinksabout51.Sheispresentlyatlevel7whilethehighestis

17、level10ingymnastics.Her52istoreachlevel9.Shesaysshewantstobeagymnasticscoachtopassdownwhatsheslearnedtootherkids53shegrewup.AEPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPPortableHeater

18、.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld,thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster,savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideofEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters,youslee

19、pywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.tfallLolais54ofallherhardworkandsuccess.Shesaysitproblemsinherlifeoutsidegymnastics,too.Her55forothersis36.A.runsB. teachesC.trainsD.dances37.A.sinceB. unlessC.afterD.though38.A.tellB. guessC.assumeD.predict39.A.suspectedBrememberedC.imaginedD.notice

20、d40.A.deeplyB. wellC.aheadD.closely41.A.taskB.sportC.eventD.show42.A.boringB.enjoyableC.differentD.unsatisfactory43.A.talentB.qualityC.natureD.condition44.A.doubtB.advantageC.challengeD.program45.A.examineB. expressC.openD.trust46.A.fearfulB. harmfulC.unfairD.inconvenient47.A.toB. onC.offD.against48

21、.A.greetedB. treatedC.servedD.paid49.A.painsB. stressesC.injuriesD.problems50.A.positiveB.friendlyC.flexibleD.caution51.A.defendingB.quittingC.winningD.bargaining52.A.standardB. rangeC.viewD.goal53.A.untilB. asC.whenD.before54.A.proudB. tiredC.ashamedD.confident55.A.planB. adviceC.rewardD.responsibi

22、lity第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，20分）llnoticethatyougethelpedherovercome“justbelieveyourselfTheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,walltowallandfloortoceiling.itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundth

23、eheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3-yearwarranty（保彳多）anda60-day.noquestionsasked.Satisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied,returnittoourexpertiseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Now,wehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscou

24、ntandafreedelivery.ifyouorderthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!56.Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph2?A.theheatoftheEPB.thesafetyoftheEPC.theappearanceoftheEPD.thematerialoftheEP57.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP.A.doesntrbupoxygenB.run

25、swithoutanynoiseC.makespeoplegetsleepyD.isunsuitableforchildrenandpets58.Theunderlinedword“evenlyinparagraph4probablymeansA.continuouslyB.separatelyC.quicklyD.equally59.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.persuadepeopletobuytheproductB.advisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsC.reportthenewdevelopmentofportable

26、heatersD.comparethedifferenceofdifferentheartbrandsBTAILSpinTwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.ThesmallerdolphinGrace,shownoffafewofhertricks,turningaroundandwavinghellotothecrowd.Themostamazingthingabouther,however,isthatshesevenswimmingatall.Shedoesnthaveatail.Gracelosthertailasababywhe

27、nshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2018,shewasfightingforherlife.Isshegoingtomakeit?trainer,AbbeyStone,fearedtheworst.Gracedidmakeit-buthertaildidnSheendeduplosingherflukesandthelowerpartofherpeduncle.Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Dolphins

28、swimbymovingtheirflukesandpeduncleupanddown.Gracetaughtherselftomoveanotherway-likeafish!Shepushedherselfforwardthroughthewaterbymovingherpedunclesfromsidetoside.ThemovementputharmfulpressureonGracebackbone.Soacompanyofferedtocreateaman-madetailforher.ThetailhadtobestrongenoughtostayonGraceassheswam

29、butsoftenoughthatitwouldnthurtheThefirsttimeGraceworetheartificialtail.Shesoonshookitoffandletitsinkinthebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Somedaysshewearsitforanhouratatime,othersnotatall.Thnecessmryforhertofeelcomfortable,“saysStone,“butithelpstokeepthatrangeofmotion（動作）andbuildmu

30、scles.”Now,thedolphinisabouttogetanevenhappierending.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusonherrescueandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfartomeether.SeeingGraceswimwithherman-madetailgivespeoplesomuchcourage.60.WhenGracefirstarrivedattheO

31、ceanPark,hertrainerworriedabouther.HerflukeA.physicalbuildB.potentialabilityC.chanceofsurvivalD.adaptationtothesurroundings.61.Aman-madetailiscreatedforGraceto.A.letherrecoverfasterB.makehercomfortableC.adjustherwayofswimmingD.helpherperformbettertricks62.ThestoryofGraceinspirespeopleto.A.sticktothe

32、irdreamsB.treatanimalsfriendlyC.treasurewhattheyhaveD.facedifficultiesbravelyCDoesFameDriveYouCrazy?Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue,todaysstar,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworldsattention.Paparazzi（狗仔隊）campoutsidetheirhomes,cam

33、erasready.Tabloids（小報）publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature.AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillareal,celebritiesfamouspeopleworryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually,theystarttolosetrackofwhoth

34、eyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem,notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.Overtime,“Villarealsays,“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,paintersfollowedalexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvicto

35、riesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedamericainthe19thcentury,hissold-outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplainabouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm-starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmorediff

36、icultthanitusedtobe.Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheirstforever.Iffameissotroublesome,whyarenatlcelebritiesrunningawayfromit?Theansweristherearestill

37、waystodealwithit.Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorbyescapingtoremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.Theyfocusnotonhowfamoustheyarebutonwhattheylovetodoorwhatevermadethemfamousinthefirstplace.Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeof

38、tencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.63.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatstarstoday.A.areoftenmisunderstoodbythepublicB.cannolongerhavetheirprivacyprotectedC.spendtoomuchontheirpublicappearanceD.carelittleabouthowtheyhavecomeintofame64.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.

39、Greatheroesofthepastweregenerallyadmired.B.Theproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.C.Well-knownactorsareusuallytargetsoftabloids.D.Worksofpopularwritersoftenhavealotofreaders.65.Whatmakesitmuchhardertobeacelebritytoday?A.Availabilityofmodernmedia.B.Inadequatesocialrecognition.C.Lackoffavorablech

40、ances.D.Hugepopulationoffans.66.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardmoderncelebrity?A.Sincere.B.Sceptical.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.DMultitaskingPeoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.Thefindings,basedonperformancesandself-evaluationbyabout275collegestudent

41、s,indicatethatmanypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistracted（分心）andcantfocusononeactivity.And“thosepeopleturnouttobetheworstathandlingdifferentthings,SanboisaidtsiavidpsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Sanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesgavethestudentsasetoftestsan

42、daskedthemtoreporthowoftentheymultitasked,howgoodtheythoughttheywereatit,andhowsensation-seeking（尋求柬U激）orimperative（沖動）theywere.Theythenevaluatedtheparticipantsmultitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.Notsurprising

43、ly,thescientistssaid,mostpeoplethoughttheywerebetterthanaverageatmultitasking,andthosewhothoughttheywerebetteratitweremorelikelytoreportusingacellphonewhiledrivingorviewingmultiplekindsofmediaatonce.Butthosewhofrequentlydealwithmanythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitasking

44、test.Theyalsoweremorelikelytoadmittosensation-seekingandimpulsivebehavior,whichconnectswithhoweasilypeoplegetboredanddistracted.“Peoplemultitasknotbecauseitsgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausetheyredistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant.Sanbonmatsusaid.AdamGazzaley,ares

45、earcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldnfindoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtowardmultitaskingorwhetherpeoplesrecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.Thefindingsdosuggest,however,whyt

46、hesensation-seekerwhomultitaskthemostmayenjoyriskydistracteddriving.Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup.Thismaypartlyexplainpeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughtheyredangerous.”67.TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthat

47、peoplewhomultitask.A.seekhighproductivityconstantlyB.preferhandlingdifferentthingswhengettingboredC.aremorefocusedwhendoingmanythingsatatimeD.havethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime68.WhenSanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesconductedtheirresearch,they.A.assessedthemultitaskingabilityofthestude

48、ntsB.evaluatedtheacademicachievementsofthestudentsC.analyzedtheeffectsoftheparticipantstrickymentaltasksD.measuredthechangesofthestudentsunderstandingability69.AccordingtoSanbonmatsu,peoplemultitaskbecauseoftheir.A.limitedpowerincalculationB.interestsindoingthingsdifferentlyC.inabilitytoconcentrateo

49、nonetaskD.impulsivedesiretotrynewthings70.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthatmultitaskersusually.A.driveveryskillfullyB.goinfordifferenttasksC.failtoreactquicklytopotentialdangersD.refusetoexplainthereasonsfortheirbehavior第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分。共10分）UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhuman

50、beingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago71.Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural（鄉(xiāng)村的）villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory-asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforali

51、ving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.72.Theprocessofurbanizationthemigration（遷移）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecitywastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarm

52、s.73.Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties.Ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.74.Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite（精英）andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbyt

53、axingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry75_Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmeric

54、anfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F. Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproduc