怎樣使句子多樣化

1、 怎樣使句子多樣化 句子是由詞或短語按語法規(guī)則組成，表達一個完整意思的語言單位。好的英語句子應該是結構意思正確完整，連貫流暢，言簡意賅。但是如果一篇文章中所有的句子都是結構單一(以主語開頭，采用"主-謂-賓"或"主-謂-表"的結構)、長短均等的話，句子寫得再好，文章也是單調呆板，缺乏生氣。要克服這種句式"單一"現(xiàn)象，可以通過變換句子開頭以及句式兩種手段。 一、 句子開頭多樣化寫作時最常見的是用名詞或代詞構成的主語作為句子的開頭。除了主語外，句子中還有以下幾種成分可以作為句子的開頭。1. 以同位語作為句子的開頭。試比較下列兩個句子：A.

2、 Xiao Wang, our monitor，will attend the meeting. B. Our monitor, Xiao Wang, will attend the meeting. 句A以主語Xiao Wang開頭，句B以同位語Our monitor開頭。2. 以單個修飾語作為句子的開頭。這個修飾語可以是形容詞、分詞或副詞。試比較下面幾組句子：A. She is young and ambitious, she works hard to get the job. B. Young and ambitious, she works hard to get the job.

3、句A以主語She開頭，句B以形容詞短語Young and ambitious開頭。C. The girl entered the room gracefully. D. Gracefully, the girl entered the room. 句C以主語The girl開頭，句D以副詞Gracefully開頭。E. The students reached the top of the mountain exhausted. F. Exhausted, the students reached the top of the mountain. 句E以主語The students開頭，句F以

4、過去分詞Exhausted開頭。 3. 以短語修飾語作為句子的開頭。短語修飾語可以是介詞短語、不定式短語、分詞短語以及獨立主格結構。試比較下列各組句子：A. A beautiful girl stood in front of me. B. In front of me stood a beautiful girl. 句A以主語A beautiful girl開頭，句B以介詞短語In front of開頭。 C. The students worked hard to pass the exam. D. To pass the exam, the students worked hard. 句

5、C以主語 The students開頭，句 D以不定式短語 To pass the exam開頭。E. He was confused about the problem and went to ask for his teacher. F. Confused about the problem, he went to ask for his teacher. 句E以主語He開頭，句 F以過去分詞短語 Confused about開頭。G. You may go home after you finish your homework. H. Your homework finished, yo

6、u may go home. 句G以主語 You開頭，句H以獨立主格結構 Your homework finished開頭。4. 用從句作為句子的開始。試比較下列句子：A. I will attend your lecture if I am free. B. If I am free, I will attend your lecture. C. We all know she is famous. D. That she is famous is known to us all. 句A和句C以主語開始，句B和句D以從句開始。值得注意的是句子的開頭與句子所需強調的意義密切相關。改變詞序有時會

7、導致句子意義的細微變化。因此，在特定的上下文中決定是否改變某一句子的詞序時，不僅要考慮我們所要表達的意思(如為了強調句子中的某個成分，將正常語序中較晚出現(xiàn)的成分移到句首)，還要考慮是否有利于上下文的銜接過渡以及句子是否均衡等。二、句式的多樣化句式多樣化是對一篇好的文章的基本要求。要做到這一點，首先要對英語句子有充分的了解。英語句子種類很多，句法結構豐富多彩。通?？梢园凑找韵聵藴蕦τ⒄Z句子進行分類：1. 根據使用目的的不同，將句子分為陳述句，疑問句，祈使句和感嘆句。(1) 陳述句說明一個事實或是陳述說話人的看法。例如：A. He must have finished his homework.

8、B. She is a diligent student. (2)疑問句提出問題。例如：A. Does she know English?B. What did you do last night?(3)祈使句用來表示請求，命令，叮囑，邀請，勸告等。例如：A. Have a cup of tea. B. Don't smoke. (4)感嘆句表示說話時的驚訝，喜悅，氣憤等情緒。例如：A. What an interesting film!B. How beautiful it is!2. 根據語法結構的不同，將句子分為簡單句，并列句，復合句以及并列復合句。(1) 如果一個句子只有一個主

9、謂結構，這個句子是簡單句。例如：A. She has finished her homework. B. Both my brother and sister are teachers. (2)如果一個句子包含兩個或兩個以上的互不依從的主謂結構，這個句子是并列句。并列句中的兩個或兩個以上的主謂結構通常由逗號和并列連詞來連接。例如：A. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. B. Type O is the most common blood type in the world, and type AB is the rarest. (3)如果一個句子包含兩個或

10、兩個以上的主謂結構，其中一個或一個以上的主謂結構充當另一個主謂結構中的某一(些)成分，如主語，賓語，定語等，該句為復合句。例如：A. Because the luxury liner was traveling so fast,it was impossible to avoid the ghostly looking iceberg. C. Some people say that it may result in some social problems in the future. (4)當一個并列句中的一個(或更多的)主謂結構中包含有一個(或更多的)主謂結構時，這種句子為并列復合句。例

11、如：A. He was watching me or something for an hour or two, drawing back the curtain so little lest I catch him, but I saw his face, and I think I can see the anxiety upon it, the worried impatience. B. I have brought what you need, but you haven't brought what I need. 3. 根據不同的修辭功能，句子可分為松散句，圓周句，對偶句

12、，平行結構句，長句和短句。(1) 松散句和圓周句。在一個句子中，先介紹主要的信息，再介紹次要的信息，這樣的句子叫松散句。松散句的結構比較松散，其各個部分往往能獨立表示某一意義。在一個句子中先介紹次要的信息，再介紹重要的信息，即要到句子的末尾，句子的意思才完全表達清楚，這樣的句子叫圓周句。圓周句的結構緊湊，只有讀完整個句子，全句的整體意思才能顯現(xiàn)出來。例如：A. The workers here are mostly diligent, though not all. B. The workers here are mostly, though not all，diligent. C. He w

13、ill go abroad if he has enough money. D. If he has enough money, he will go abroad. 句A和句C為松散句，句B和句D為圓周句。一般來講，按正常語序排列的簡單句、并列句，主句在前從句在后的復合句都屬于松散句。松散句便于組織，便于理解，便于使用，是人們常用的句式。修飾語(尤其是狀語)位于句首的簡單句以及從句在前主句在后的復合句屬于圓周句。圓周句的重心在后，可以造成一種懸念，抓住讀者的注意力，因而可以收到一種特殊的效果。但圓周句不能使用太頻繁，因為沒有人愿意一直處于等待和懸念當中。(2) 對偶句是在句中用平對或對稱的結

14、構來表現(xiàn)兩種相反的意思。由于其結構勻稱整齊，前后兩層意思相反，可達到強調的效果。例如：A. What is written without effect is in general read without pleasure. B. Deeds show what we are; words what we should be. (3) 平行結構句就是把兩個或兩個以上的結構相同，意義并重，語氣一致的詞、短語或句子排列成串形成一個整體，以加強語氣，達到強調的目的。例如：A. We can gain knowledge by reading, by reflection, by observati

15、on or by practice. B. I have a dream that my four children will someday live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. (4)長句和短句。根據句子的長短，句子可分為長句和短句。例如：A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father to read a good story. The quite hour coul