(完整版)定語從句歸納及專項練習(xí)題

1、定語從句語法歸納及練習(xí)一、語法知識歸納一、基本概念（一） 定語從句在復(fù)合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。（二）先行詞被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。一般情況下，定語從句緊跟先行詞。但也有因各種原因定語從句與先行詞被分割的現(xiàn)象。（三）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。與先行詞關(guān)系密切，因此緊跟先行詞，并在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, which, that和whose,另外，as也可充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語和定語。關(guān)系副詞有：when, where和why。在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。二、關(guān)系代詞的用法（一）基本用法根據(jù)先行詞的不同

2、，和在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞植煌x用不同的關(guān)系代詞。如下表：關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系 代詞who人主語，賓語Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在從句中做賓語 時，常可以省略，但介詞提前時后面 關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy （whom） she loved died in the war.whose人，物定語I like those books whose top

3、ics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that人，物主語，賓語A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star （that） I want to see very much.which物主語，賓語The book （which） I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主語，賓語He is such a

4、person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as做賓語一般不省略例如：（注意關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week?（作主語） I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published.（作主語） The plan that/which they argued about

5、was settled at last. （作賓語） This is the new secretary （who/whom/that） I would like to introduce to you .（作賓語） The soldier whose legs were badly woundedwas operated on without delay.（作定語）注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語時可以省略,充當(dāng)主語時則不能。（見上例）（二）關(guān)系代詞that代替which的一些情況which, that在代替物時，一般可以通用。但在有些情況下，只用 that。先行詞是最高級形容詞或它的前面

6、有最高級形容詞修飾時。例如： This is the best that has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years .先行詞是序數(shù)詞，或它前面有一個序藪南時。例如： This is the last place （that） I want to visit. It is the first American movie of this kind that I've ever seen 先行t是 all, muc

7、h, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none 等代詞時。例如： You should hand in all that you have We haverf t got much that we can offer you. 先行詞前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every 等修飾時。例如： The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. The little money （th

8、at） he had was stolen.（三）宜用who,而不用that的一些情況 先行t是 one, ones, anyone寸。例如： One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Don't tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.先行詞是those時。例如： Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the ma

9、gic cloth.（四）其它情況先行詞既有人又有物時。例如： Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station. 主句已有疑問詞 who或which時。例如： Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（五）與whose有關(guān)的問題

10、whose是代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： I saw a woman whose bag was stolen Please show me the bookwhose cover is red 當(dāng)whose表示物與物的所有格關(guān)系時，亦可用 of which的形式。例如： The building whose roof you can see from heres a new restaurant.f The building, the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restaurantf The building,

11、of which the roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant.三、介詞前提的問題關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語時，介詞可以前提至關(guān)系代詞前。例如：Have you seen the pen（which） I wrote the note with just now ?（which 作介詞 with 的賓語）fHave you seen the penwith which I wrote the note just now ?但是，要注意的是： 介詞前提后，先行詞是人或物，關(guān)系代詞分別只能用whom和which,而不再用that或who。

12、 介詞前提后，關(guān)系代詞不再能省略。 有些含有介詞的短語動詞中的介詞不能前提，如： look for, look after, take care of等。例如：錯誤： Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正確： Who is the old man to whom you were talking ?或 Who is the old man （that/ whom） you were talking to ? 錯誤：These are the sheepof which the boy took care.正確：These are th

13、e sheepwhich/that） the boy took care of.四、關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與先行詞一致。例如：Who is the guy that is reading over there?The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.型 that needs to be done has been done.He is one of the studentswho use c

14、omputer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam例中的all意為“一切”，作單數(shù)。例中沒通過考試的學(xué)生事實上只有一人,因此謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。that 與 which, who, whom 的用法區(qū)別：情況用法說明例句只用that的情況先彳了i為 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞日寸。 先行i被 all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few 等修飾

15、時 先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時先行詞既指人又指物時先行市司被the only, the very修飾時句中已經(jīng)有 who或which時，為了避免重復(fù)時1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. He is the only ma

16、n that I want to see.6. Who is the man that is making a speech?只用 which, who, whom的情況在非限制性定語從句中，只能用 which指代物，用who/whom指人 在由"介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom 指人。先行詞本身是that時，關(guān)系詞用which,先行t為those, one, he時多用 who。1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.2. I like the person to whom the

17、 teacher is talking.3. Those who respect others are usually respected by others.5定語從句專項練習(xí)（1）I.The place interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2 .Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3 .This is the hotel last

18、month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4 .Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. that C. when D. on which5 .That is the day I'll never forget.A. whichB. on which C. in which D. when6 .The factory we'll visit

19、 next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7 .Great changes have taken place in the factory we are workingsince then.A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year

20、 D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked10.The pen he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which ll.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC

21、. whichD. that12.The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D. with whom 13.Is there anyone in your class family is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in you have said.A. all that B.all what C. that D. which15.I want to

22、 use the same dictionary was used yesterday.A. whichB. who C. what D. as16 .He isn't such a man he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17 .He is good at English,we all know.A. that B. asC. whom D. what18 .Li Ming,to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who

23、 I went D.I went with him19.I don't like as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD

24、. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who23.You're the only person I've ever met could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who24.I lost a book,I can't remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of t

25、hat 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D what26.I have bought such a watch was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it1.1 I can never forget the day we worked together and theday we spent together.A.when; which B.which; when

26、C.what; that D.on which; when28 .The way he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whose C. what D./29 .This is the reason he didn't come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30 .This machine,for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B. which I

27、 have looked afterC. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31 .The reason he didn't come was he was ill.A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; hat D. for which; what32 .He is working hard,will make him pass the final exam.A.thatB.whichC.for which D.who33 .That is not the way I do it.A./

28、 B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars,are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the same tools used in your factory a fewdays ago.A.as was B. which was C.as were D. which36. My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of

29、trouble, was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it37. This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38. He is not such a man would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A. /B. whyC. when D

30、. whose40. Smoking,is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard happened?一 Yes, he told me all he knew.A.what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm withthe farmers,has a great effe

31、ct on my life.A.when; who B.that; which C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who cars increasing.A.owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas

32、helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatC.through that; what D. what; that47. Is some German friends visited last week?A this school B.this the school C.this school oneD.this scho

33、ol where48. John got beaten in the game,had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens,writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 定語從句專項練習(xí)（2）1. Near

34、ly all the streets are in straight lines,from east to west. Thoserun from north to south are called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who2. This is the case heA. when B. where C. thatC. running; who D. run; that all'his haoney stolen.D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn

35、,we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything.A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in to

36、uch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, that ' esasy I surfed the Internet and then called one the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday,I will never forget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patie

37、nt reaches the point he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose8. There are several research centers in China a certaindisease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little I have been able to do does goodto them all.A. which B.

38、what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away modern communications willbecome widespread in China' s vast countryside.A. as B. when C. until D. before11. is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A. It B. AsC. Which D. What12. I shall never forget the day Shen Zhou V

39、 was launched,has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that 13. The bread my wife makes is much better than you canbuy at a store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of whichD. this of which14. There is no such place you dream of in all this world.A. that B. wh

40、at C. which D. as15. The people, had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.A. who B. wh

41、en C. on which D. which17. Is this research center you visited the modern equipment last year?A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old they swam in it.A. when B. that C. who D. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone no man

42、can lift.A. that B. as C. which D. and20. He stayed there for quite a long time, during time helearned much spoken English.A. that B. this C. which D. same定語從句專項練習(xí)（3）1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A. who B. / C. that D. when2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.A. the

43、nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard.A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the book I lent to you?A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5. American women usually ident

44、ify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A. which priceB. the price of whoseC. its priceD. whose price7. Lily, is Helen you want to introduce me to?A. that B. who C. whom D. the girl8. The pr

45、ofessors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers they had seen.A. that B. who C. which D. what9. This is the only bus goes to the village school.A. / B. thatC. where D. it10. Is there a shop around sells China Daily ?A. who B. where C. in which D. which11. She was the

46、 only one of the girls in our class acceptedas candidate for the president of our Students' Union.A. who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been 12. She is no longer the sweet little girl she used to be.A. what B. who C. when D. that13. Is this singer songs you like best?A. who ' s

47、B. whose C. which D the one whose14. He got angry with was against his opinion.A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 15. Anyone with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 16. That ' s the dog.A.we' ve been looking after B. after wh

48、ich we ' ve been looking C. what we ' ve been looking afteD. we ' ve been taking care for 17. This is the last time I ' ll give you a lesson.A. when B. that C. what D. as18. The family I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.A. whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very k

49、nife I used to cut apples yesterday.A. that B. by which C. which D. with which20. China has many rivers,the Yangtze River is the longest.A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which 21. The use they are the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made of B. made from C. making up of D. making o

50、f 22. That tree, the branches are almost bare, is a very old one.A. whose B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person she couldturn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of enough money to buythe new house?A. get

51、ting B. having got C. being got D. to get25. Jack spent as much time as he could over his lessons.A. going B. went C. go D. to go26. The freezing point is the temperature water changes into ice.A. at which B. on that C. when D. of which27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every m

52、inute he can spare.A. that B. in which C. in that D. when 28. This is the last time I will write to you.A. when B. that C. what D. as29. I don't like the way he spoke to me.A. what B. by which C. by that D. /30. The train_ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.A. by which B. on whic

53、h C. for which D. on that （4）真題回顧1. We went through a period communications were very difficult in rural areas. （2008 上海）A. whichB. whose C. in which D. with which2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree they can be controlled on purpose. （2007 重慶）A. with which B. to wh

54、ich C. of which D. for which 3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. （2008 江西） A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that 4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from their parents speak at home. （2008 浙江）A. whatB. thatC. which D. one5. You can only be sure of you have at present; you cannot besure of something you might get in th