(完整版)初中狀語從句講解及習(xí)題附答案

1、（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子。田狀語從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后， 時間、條件、原因和讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用 運尸和主句隔/。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、 讓步、方式和比較等狀語從句。作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語和整個句子。（二）狀語從句詳解1.時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例when息為當(dāng)一的時候。When 引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是 瞬間動詞。并且when有 時表示“就在那時”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.說謊者講真話 時也沒

2、有人相信。When he arrives , I ' ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while思為 仕的時候，仕 的同時"。While引導(dǎo)從句 的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性 的，發(fā)生時間較長，并強 調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時 發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。While 有時還可以表示對比。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While John was watching TV, his wif

3、e was cooking.as思為一邊一邊 。As引導(dǎo)的動作是延續(xù)性 的，發(fā)生時間較短，一般 用于主句和從句動作同時 發(fā)生；as也可以強心前 一后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his space .He smiled as he stood up.after意為“在之后”。表示主 旬動作發(fā)生在從句動作之 后。主句與從句的動作時 間關(guān)系與before引導(dǎo)的從 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don

4、' stay too long at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意為“在之前”。引導(dǎo)的 從句不用否定形式的謂 語，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的 從句位于主句之后，有時 譯成“就，才”。當(dāng)主句用 將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在 時；如果before引導(dǎo)的從 句謂語用的是過去時，則 主句動詞多用過去完成 時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作的 先后。You can ' t watch TV before you finis

5、h your homework.Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.till意為“直w。一情況r 可以和until互換。如果主 句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動 詞時，必須用否定形式； 如果主句中的謂語動詞是She didn ' even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.The

6、fireman worked very hard延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和 否定形式都可以，但表達(dá) 的意思/、同。till the fire was out.until意為“直。在強調(diào)句型 中多用until。如果主句中 的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞 時，必須用否定形式；如 果主句中的謂語動詞是延 續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的 意思/、同。I ' mwaiting for my sister. I won' go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.since意為“自從，從以

7、來”。引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性的動詞，也可以 是瞬時動詞。一般情況下， 從句謂語動詞用一般過去 時，而主句的謂語動詞用 現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is + 時間+since從句的句型 中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.as soon as意為“一就”。引導(dǎo)時 問狀語從句時，

8、如果主句 用了將來時，從句一般使 用現(xiàn)在時。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2.地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例where意為“哪里”。"where引導(dǎo) 的地點狀語從句，（there+）Where there is a will, there is a way.主句” “哪里哪里就”。主旬在從旬后面時，there可用口/、用；主句在從句的 前面時，TK都不用there.They were good persons. Where they went, there they

9、 were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意為“無論何地”。 anywhere/wherever 弓1 導(dǎo)地 點狀語從句+主句。anywhere本身是個副詞，但 是?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于 連詞，思思相當(dāng)于 wherever, anywhere 引 導(dǎo)的從句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever本身就 是個連詞，表示“在何處， 無論何處”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.I ' ll go anywher

10、e you go.3.條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，如果”。 當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候， 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Don' t talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We ll go for a picnic if it doesn' t rain this weekend.unless連詞，意為“除非（=if not）。當(dāng)主句是將來時的 時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在 時。Don' t discuss the problems with your partner unless yo

11、u are asked to do so.I won' t go there unless you come with me.4.原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)原因狀 語從句時表示附帶。說明“雙方已知的原因”，語氣 比 since弱，較為正式， 位置較為靈活（常放于主 旬之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you' cbetter take a taxi.As you are tired, you' (better rest.since意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因 狀語從

12、句一般放于主句之 前表小已知的、顯然的理 由（通常被翻譯成“既 然”），較為正式，語氣比 becausem。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold. Since everybody is here. Let's begin our meeting.because意為“因為”。

13、引導(dǎo)的原因 狀語從句一般放于主句之 后，表述直接原因，語氣 較強，最適合why引導(dǎo)的 疑問句。Because引導(dǎo)的 原因狀語從句肩時可以與 because of® 語互換。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I ' dlike to collect stamps because they are interesting.I ' mvery tired these days because of studying physics.He can ' t come because he is ill.=He

14、can ' t come because of his illness.for意為“因為”。引導(dǎo)的原因 狀語從句并不說明主句行 為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提He must be ill, for he is absent today.供一些輔助性的補充說 明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從 旬只能放于主句之后，并 且必須用逗號將其與主句 向力。He could not have seen me, for I was not there.5.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為“以至，以便”。目 的狀語的謂語常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would等情

15、態(tài)動 詞。Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意為“為了”，相當(dāng)于so that. in order to 后向可以 跟動詞原形構(gòu)成目的狀語，不是目的狀語從句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.結(jié)果狀語從

16、句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為“如此以至于”。 so+ adj./adv 原級+that, so 是 副詞，只能修飾形容詞和副 詞。so還可與表示數(shù)年的形 容詞 many, few, much, little（這四個形容詞表示多 或少時）連用，形成固定搭 酉己。so+ many 或 few+復(fù)數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞+that; so+ much或This year it has rained so heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused. The ice on the lake was so thin that people c

17、ouldn ' t skate on it.Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy thelittle+ /、口數(shù)名詞 +that.present.There are so few notebooks that I can ' t give you any.such.that意為“如此以至于”。 有三種結(jié)構(gòu)： such+a(an)+adj.+單 數(shù)不可 數(shù)名詞 +that； such(+adj.)+不 可數(shù)名詞 +that; such( + adj.) +復(fù)

18、數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that, such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞 詞組。有時可與so -that句 型轉(zhuǎn)換。It ' such a wonderful song that we all like it.Simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.The boy is so young that he can' go to school.= He is such a young boy that he can' t go to school.7.讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例though意為“雖然”。不能和but

19、連用。但是可以同 yet(still) 連 用，構(gòu) 成though yet(still). though 較 普遍，常用于非正式的口語 和書面語中。even能和 though組合表示強調(diào)，在這 里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使 也)。though可以獨立用作 副詞，常放在何末，忌為all the same(還是；仍然)或 however(W是；然而)。So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all. Though they are twin brothers, th

20、ey don ' t look each other.Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would afford it, we wouldn ' tgo abroad for our vacation.although意為“雖然”。不能和butAlthough he died several連用。但是可以同 yet(still) 連 用，構(gòu) 成although yet(still)although 較為正式，語氣比 though 重，常用以強調(diào)讓步概念。even不能和although組合。years ago, I can s

21、till remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8.比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as-as.意為“和一樣”。表示同 級的比較。使用時要注意 第一個as為副詞，第二個 as為連詞。具基本結(jié)構(gòu)為: as+adj./adv原級+as。若有 修飾成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等, 則 須智力第一個

22、as之前。She is very good at painting.She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out as quickly as possible.not as / so as意為“和不一樣，不如”。也表示同級比較。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.9.方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as/(just)as.so意為“猶如，就像”。引 導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常 位于主句后，但在 (just)as

23、.so 結(jié)構(gòu)中位于When in Rome, do as the Romans do.As water is to fish, so air is to man.句首，這時as從句帶后 比喻的含義，意為“正 如，就像”，多用于正 式文體。as if/ as though意為“就像，好像"。兩 者的意義和用法相同，引 出的狀語從句謂語多用 虛擬語氣，表示與事實相 反，有時也用陳述語氣， 表示所說情況是事實或 實現(xiàn)的可能性較大。常譯 作“仿佛似的，好像 似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as i

24、f we were thesame age.It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.練習(xí)一一.單項填空1. he ' s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basketball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come;

25、is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can' t swim, the dolphins maycome up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I don ' t remember he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will s

26、tay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the street the trafficlights turned green.A. not; before B. don t; whenC. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with mybike.A.

27、 when B. that C. until D. because8. I ll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are, the mistakes you willmake.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go

28、out to play.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you d better make a mark you have anyquestions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear h

29、im.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that we d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A

30、. such B. so C. too D. very17. I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20

31、. Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二 . 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1. 不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。I am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they hertheir mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pleased with our p

32、erformance wetry our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.5. 這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習(xí)兩年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano shehas kept practicing for two years.6. 雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學(xué)英語。, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他長大后相當(dāng)一名記者。He wants to be a journal

33、ist .8. 無論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get toschool.9. 如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會變得更美好。to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，因為他病了。Li Ming didn t come to school .練習(xí)二1. The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there.A.

34、 because B. until C. why D. if2. .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yeste

35、rday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to5. .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6. .They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back.

36、A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. come

37、s C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told

38、 his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We _ TV when the telephone .A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang14. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read

39、 D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the film tonig

40、ht, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20. Zhao Lan _ alread

41、y _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22. May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. _ you work hard, you wi

42、ll certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in thestudy of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are _ many league me

43、mbers in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not_yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Ir

44、on is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you_I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. _ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining, still work