一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)用法講解

1、般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的定義一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在現(xiàn)在看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用時(shí)間副詞tomorrow, soon或短語(yǔ) n ext year / week / mon th, in a few days, in the future, sometime做狀語(yǔ)。如：What will you do this after noon ? 你今天下午干什么？We will have a meet ing tomorrow.我們明天要開(kāi)會(huì)。He is going to study abroad (到國(guó)外) next year.明年他要岀國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及應(yīng)用(1) shal

2、l / will +動(dòng)詞原形。表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。特別是表示客觀性的事情或在某條件下要發(fā)生的事情，只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)。如：What shall we do if he does n如果om不來(lái)，我們?cè)撛趺崔k？Will you be free this eve ning今天晚上有空嗎？I th ink he will tell us the truth(真相)。我想他會(huì)告訴我們真實(shí)情況的。(2) be going to +動(dòng)詞原形。表示已經(jīng)計(jì)劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：We are going to have a meeting to discuss(討論)

3、the matter this evening. 今天晚上開(kāi)會(huì)討論這件事情。Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon.看一看那邊的烏云，我想天要下雨了。There is going to be an En glish eve ning this week.本周要舉行一個(gè)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。(3) be +現(xiàn)在分詞。表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。這個(gè)句型中動(dòng)詞主要是瞬間動(dòng)詞：come, go, leave, arrive, begi n, start, stop, close, ope n, die, jo

4、 in, borrow, buy等。如：Go ahead, and I ' m com走前面一點(diǎn)吧，我就來(lái)。The dog is dyi ng.那條狗要死了。Hurry up. The shop is clos ing.快點(diǎn)，商店就要關(guān)門(mén)了。(4)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種嚴(yán)格按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。比方說(shuō)，上課、飛機(jī)起飛、火車離站等。如：Don' t hurry. The meet ing starts at a quarter past eight.不要匆忙，回憶八點(diǎn)過(guò)一刻開(kāi)始。The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽車四點(diǎn)返回鞏固練習(xí)：、用所給動(dòng)詞的適

5、當(dāng)形式填空1. Li Lei tells me he(visit)the Great Wall (長(zhǎng)城)this weeke nd.2. My mother(buy)me a pair of new trousers tomorrow.3.She says she(leave)so on.4. We(go) skat ing if it does n' t rain n ext Sun day.5. There(be)a n En glish evening n ext week.6. Th ink over, and you(get)a good idea.7. Jim(have)a

6、 pic nic n ext Mon day-No, he.8.1(miss)you after you leave here.9. Who(teach)you En glish next year10. He(be) back in three hours.11. Look at these clouds. It(rain).二、改錯(cuò)：每處劃線中有錯(cuò)誤，在題后改正1. He will sing an ddancesfor us tomorrow.2. Are you going to swimYes, Iwi _3. He will help Jim with his En glisheve

7、ry day.4. Will her sistersingsa song for me tomorrow5. Theywilln plant trees next week.6. Are they going toplaysbasketball tomorrow7. Willwe go to visit the factory tomorrow8. Paulwill be going tomake dumplings for Emma.9. Are the boys going to the Great Wall n ext mon thYes, theywil!_三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：mis goi

8、ng to play footballtomorrow Marywill clean the windowsnext week.否定句： 般疑問(wèn)句:兩回答： 特殊疑問(wèn)句： 四、選擇題()1. Are you going to our English team Yes, I am.A. take part inB. joinC. took part inD. joined()2. Xu Xia and her teammates are the USA next week.A. leaving forB. leave forC. leaveD. left( )3. There an Englis

9、h party in our class next week.A. is going to haveB. is going to beC. will haveD. Have( ) 4. If it tomorrow, we will go to the park.A. isn ' t rain B. don ' t rainC. doesn ' t rainD. won ' t rain( )5. There a football match next week. Shall we go and watch itA. will haveB. hasC. have

10、D. will be“Would you mind doing 句型透視mind 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，習(xí)慣后接動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)，而不接動(dòng)詞不定式，常用于 Would you mind doi ng ?句型中，具體用法是：1. “Would you mind doing ?"句型常用于表示請(qǐng)求，意思是請(qǐng)你做你是否介意？、 請(qǐng)你做？好嗎？ ”，是一種比較客氣的表達(dá)方式。如：Would you mind turning off the light in the room ？請(qǐng)你把房間里的燈關(guān)掉好嗎？如果要表示 “請(qǐng)你不要做 ? 你是否介意？、請(qǐng)你不要做 ? 好嗎？ ”，只需要在 doing 前

11、 面加上 not. 如：Would you mind not standing in front of me ？請(qǐng)你不要站在我的前面好嗎？2. 如果同意，表示不介意時(shí)，可用如下用語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)：Certainly/Of course not./Not at all./No ， not at all； 如果不同意，表示介意時(shí)，常用Sorry/I 'm sorj對(duì)不起）及陳述某種理由來(lái)表示拒絕或反對(duì)。如：Would you mind going to the movies this evening？今晚去看電影好嗎？I'm sorry. But I haven't finishe

12、d my homework yet.對(duì)不起，我的作業(yè)還沒(méi)有完成。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)還要注意:1. “Would you mind doing ?"句型中的 would也可用do代替，但語(yǔ)氣較生硬，不如用 would客氣。2. “Would you mind doing ?"句型中的邏輯主語(yǔ)只能是談話的對(duì)方y(tǒng)ou.如果想要對(duì)方允許自己做某事，可用“Would you mind my doing ?"句型，如：Would you mind my smok ing here ?你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？鞏固練習(xí)：一、用下面提供的短語(yǔ)完成句子。1. help me wash my clo

13、thesWould you mi nd ?2. give her a cup of teaWould you mi nd ?3. help him mend his carDo you have ?4. walk on the roadWould you mindon the road ?二、選擇題()1. Would you mindus in the gameNot at all.A. joi ningB. joi nC. joi n inD. joi ning in()2. Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sun dayI &

14、#39; d love to. But Iplay table tennis against Class Three.A. am goingB. am going toC. amD. going to()3. Would you mi ndhereI ' m sorry about that. I' ll go somewhere else.A. no smok ingB. not smok ingC. no smokeD. not smokehad better用法詳解1. had better的基本用法特點(diǎn)其意為 最好” 應(yīng)該”后接動(dòng)詞原形，與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用法相似，

15、其中的had通常縮略為'：You' d better get some sleep 你最好去睡一會(huì)兒。Wehad bettergo before it rains.我們最好在下雨前就去。2. had better如何構(gòu)成否定式和疑問(wèn)式構(gòu)成否定式時(shí)，通常將not置于had better之后（而不是had之后）；而構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí),則通常將had（而不是had better）置于主語(yǔ)之前：I ' d better nosturb him .我最好別去打擾他。What had we better do我們最好怎么辦練習(xí)題d better go to see a doctor.()

16、1. I ' m afraid you have a cold. YouA. No, I have no time.B. That ' s a good idea.C. It ' s very kind of you.D. I ' m sorry to hear that.()2. I ' m fat. What should I doYou' d better eatmeat andfruits.A. less; moreB. less; lessC. more; lessD. more; mores bad for h()3. You had

17、 better ask your brotherplay ing computer games. ItA. to give upB. not to give upC. to give it upD. not give it up()4. I have a stomachache. What should I doYoudrink sweet water andeat sweet food.A. had better not; should n'tB. should; had betterC. had better; had betterD. shouldn ' t; shoul

18、d()5. I have a toothache.You should.A. drink lots of water B. take a restC. see a den tistD. have a good sleep情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), need (needed), ought to 等。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用，必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂 語(yǔ)。一、can, could1. 表示能力(體力、知識(shí)、技能)。Can you li

19、ft this heavy box (體力)Mary can speak three languages. (知識(shí))Can you skate (技能)2. 表示請(qǐng)求和允許。Can I go now Yes, you can. / No, you can' t.此時(shí)可與 may 互換。在疑問(wèn)句中還可用 could,might 代替，不是過(guò)去式，只是語(yǔ)氣更委 婉，不能用于肯定句和答語(yǔ)中。 Could I come to see you tomorrow Yes, you can. ( No, I' m afraid not. )3. 表示客觀可能性(客觀原因形成的能力)。They

20、' ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4. 表示推測(cè)(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度)，用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和感嘆句中。Can this be trueThis can ' t be donbey him.How can this be true二、may, might1.表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比may語(yǔ)氣更委婉，而不是過(guò)去式。否定回答時(shí)可用ca n'tmustn ',t表示 不可以，禁止 ”Might/ May I

21、 smoke in this room No, you mustn ' t. May/Might I take this book out of the room Yes, you can. (No, you can' t / mustn ' t. )Can I. ？在口語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn)用 May I. ？征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用2.用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!3. 表示推測(cè)、可能性（不用于疑問(wèn)句）。might 不是過(guò)去式，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。1 He may /might be very busy now.2 Your mot

22、her may /might not know the truth.三、must, have to1. 表示必須、必要。You must come in time.在回答引岀的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用 mustn'（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn' t, don ' thave to （不必） Must we hand in our exercise books today Yes, you must. No, you don ' t have to / you needn ' t.2. must 是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法， 而 have to 則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需

23、要。 must 只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。1）he play isn ' t interesting, I really must go now.2）I had to work when I was your age.3. 表示推測(cè)、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）1）You' re Tom' s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2）Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、 need1.need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí) , 常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句。在

24、肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to,should 代替。1）You needn' t come so early.2） Need I finish the work today Yes, you must. / No, you needn ' t.2. need 作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí)， 有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。而 need 后面只能接帶 to 的不定式。He needs to finish his homework today.五、shall, should1.shall 用于第一人稱，征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。What shall we do this eveni

25、ng2.shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1） .You shall fail if you don' t work 1警告02）He shall have the book when I finish it.（ 允諾）3）He shall be punished.（ 威脅 ）六、will, would1.表示請(qǐng)求、建議等， would 更委婉。Will / Would you pass me the ball, please2. 表示意志、愿望和決心。1 ） . I will never do that again.2.） They asked

26、him if he would go abroad.3. would 表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。 would 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比 used to 正式，且沒(méi)有 “現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣 ”的含義。1）. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.2）. The wound would not heal.七、should1. should 表示 “應(yīng)該 ”1）. I should help her because she is in trouble.2. 表示推測(cè) should , （ 客觀推測(cè) ）, must（ 主觀推測(cè) ）。1

27、） .He must be home by now. （ 斷定他已到家 ）2）He ought to/should be home by now.（ 不太肯定 ）3）This is where the oil must be.（ 直爽 ）4）This is where the oil ought to/should be.（ 含蓄）練習(xí)題（）1. May I ask you some questions, Dr. WangA. You ' re welcome.B . Sure, go ahead.C. No, I ' m busy.D. Yes, you must.()2.

28、Must I take part in the activity No, you . You' re too young. You should look after yourself.A. mustn 't B. don 'tC. can 'tD. don't have to()3. May I watch TV, MomI 'm afraid you .A. should notB. can'tC. must notD.may not()4. Must we keep the window all the time No, you d

29、on ' t have to.A. openingB. openedC. to openD.open()5. Must I take the medicine every day No, you .A. mustB. mustn 'tC. needn 'tD.can 't()6. My mother is ill. I stay at home to take care of her.A. canB. mayC. have toD.maybe()7. May I use your dictionary, Lily Sure, .A. go aheadB. you

30、 can ask BillC. you can 'tD. that's all right反身代詞用法歸納一、反身代詞的基本形式反身代詞是 oneself 根據(jù)所指詞的人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself, himself, herself,yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。二、 oneself 與 himself當(dāng) one 指人時(shí)，其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用 oneself, 在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中也可用 himself ： One should not praise oneself himself. 一

31、個(gè)人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。三、反身代詞的句法功能：1. 用作同位語(yǔ) ( 加強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語(yǔ)氣，緊放在被修飾名詞后 , 或句末： The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。Martin himself atte nded the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人。2. 用作賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)）：Take good care of yourself. 照顧好自己。She could not make herself un derstood. 她不能使別人聽(tīng)懂她的話The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭著哭著睡著了。3. 用作

32、表語(yǔ)The poor boy was myself.那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己。The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我們自己代詞列表人稱代詞人稱代詞形容詞性名詞性反身代詞主格賓格物主代詞物主代詞Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyourselvessheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves主格做主語(yǔ)賓格做賓語(yǔ)放在動(dòng)詞介詞后放在名詞前

33、替代形代+名詞不可與名詞連用by后接反身代詞不可單獨(dú)用()1. He plays basketball so well! Who taughtHe lear nt it by.A. him; him B. himself; himselfC. him; himself D. himself; him要求四會(huì)的單詞名詞體育運(yùn)動(dòng)teammatchfootballtennisbaseballskatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或稱謂類personplayermusician scientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfi

34、shermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品類basketcuppapergoldrecordbrushring處所類grasstheatre/theatermuseumfactory身體健康類bodyhealthtoothache headachefevercoughstomachache illness medicineheart食品飲料類coffeeteacandyfruitsugartomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwichstrawberrybeefbiscuit meal時(shí)間類agecentur

35、yweekend文化信息類informationwebsiteInternetdictionaryknowledgemessagepassageculture其他showerfact careadvice(a piece of advice)news pityarticlesmokerisk questionhabit worldwarintroductionnote smilepeacesouthmiddletaxianswer litter voice scorelinephoneexampleskilldreamfuturefriendshipjumppart形容詞或副詞weak <

36、;>strongleast<-> mostpopular<-> unpopularhealthy =fit<-> illfat<-> thindirty<-> cleanuseful <-> uselessdark <> brighthungry<>fulldead <->alivecheap <-expensive=deartrue <-> falsecorrect<> wrongpossibleimpossiblequite/excitingtir

37、ed/tiringcertainlybadlyreallyfinallyevenfamousmadangrymainsuccessfulterribleseriousstillfunnyactivemodernnecessary動(dòng)詞：wincheerrowjoinskatecycledreamgrowspendjumprelaxleavekickpassthrowfightenjoy/practice/ finish/ mind+doing sth.advisekillinventbecomefollowholdscorepointhithearringstandfeelrecordsugge

38、stliftboilbrushliecrycarecheckworrycausesmoketasteforceriskbuildhappenpointchancesuggestionmindsideexcitedbreak介詞enoughagainstthroughwithoutoffexcept詞組薈萃名詞詞組table tennisthe day after tomorrowday and nightice creampotato chipsfirst aidrelay race動(dòng)詞詞組cheer.o ngrow upbe good forbe good at=do well in<

39、-> do badly intake part inleave forfall illgive sb. a handdo one ' s best=try one ' s bestbe angry withcome into beingsta nd forhave a coldworry aboutgo aheadbuild sb. upkeep fit shout at sb.talk aboutlie dow ntake care of介詞詞組及其他for exampleat leastin factin the futureas.as possibleon the

40、other handin stead ofall overat first課本中岀現(xiàn)的詞組或搭配歸納be able tobe surejoin the school rowi ng teambe in terested injoi n sbsee sb. do/do ing sthspe nd . doing sththe high jumpthe long jumptur n . i nto.makesb./sth. +adj.play aga instthe most popular sports hun dreds of years make frie nds with sb. look

41、/ get well/betterall over the world have funhelp sb. do sthstop sb from doing sth. the boys ' 8G0ter race win the first placetake onesuch as/for examplelots of = a lot ofn ext times advicetake medic inetake/have a bathhave/take a restfeel like doing sth. fall dow n have a good rest give upgo upg

42、o outnothing seriousdo mornin g/eye exercisesshow sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.stay uptell/ask sb to do sth.too much重句大本營(yíng)1. What are you going to doI m going to play basketball.2. Would you like to come and cheer us onSure, I ' d love to.3. Which sport do you prefer, swim ming or row ingI prefer ro

43、w ing.4. Are you going to joi n the school rowi ng teamYes, I am./ No, I ' m not.5. What' s your favorite sport,Basketball, of course.6. Who s your favorite playerLeBr on James.7. What are you going to be whe n you grow upI ' m going to be a scientist.8. Why do you like play ing soccerBe

44、cause it makes him strongand it ' s popular all over the world.9. , could you help me(二give me a hand), pleaseSure.10. Will you join usI ' d be glad to.11. Would you mi nd teaching meNot at all. You can do it!12. Would you mi nd not putting your bike hereSorry. I ' ll pubirtnewhere else.

45、13. , I am sorry for what I said.賓語(yǔ)從句)It ' s nothing.14. Will you take part in the school sports meetOf course I will.15. Which sport will you take part inThe boys ' 800feter race.16. Hello, isinSpeak ing.17. What shall we takeWe ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.18. Shall I take my cameraGood idea! It' ll be fun19. When shall we meetLet ' make it half past six.20. Where shall we meetAt my house.21. Hello,! You don ' t look well. What ' s wrong wiWtaot' sthe matter with you=What is the matte