八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit6EnjoyingCycling詞匯精講精練2(新版)仁愛(ài)版

1、Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling詞匯精講精練句式精講1. It s too far to cycle.tooto意為“太而不能”。它在結(jié)構(gòu)形式上是肯定的，但意義上卻表示否定含義，所以動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào) to 前不能再加 not ，只接動(dòng)詞原形即可， too 后接形容詞或副詞原形。例如：The book is too difficult to understand.這本書難于理解?！就卣埂?1 )在 tooto句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后所跟的介詞不能省略。例如：The room is too small to live in.這房間太小了不能住。(2) 在 tooto

2、句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的賓語(yǔ)實(shí)際上就是這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式后面不能 再加代詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：The question is too difficult to answer.這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難了，無(wú)法回答。(3) 在 tooto句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式能確切說(shuō)明動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前面加上邏輯 主語(yǔ)，即 forsb. 形式。例如：The box is too heavy for him to carry.箱子太沉了，他搬不動(dòng)。(4)含 tooto的句子可以改寫成.sothat句型，意為“如此以至于。例如：He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old

3、 that he cant do hard work.他年紀(jì)太大而不能干重活。(5)含 tooto的句子也可以用“ not +形容詞 /副詞+ enough to do sth.”句型來(lái)替換，但注意 要用原句中形容詞或副詞的反義詞。例如：He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年紀(jì)大了，不能做重活。2. I have some exciting news to tell you.to tell you 由 to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞不定式，在句子中作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞之后。例如：Do y

4、ou know the best way to learn English well?你知道學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的最佳方法嗎？【注意】 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，總是后置，不定式與其所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而該不定式為不及 物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后須加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。例如：I am looking for a room to live in.我正在找一間屋子住。I need a piece of paper to write on.我需要一張寫字用的紙?！就卣埂坎欢ㄊ竭€有以下用法：( 1 )作主語(yǔ)。例如：To see is to believe.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。(2)作賓語(yǔ)。這樣的動(dòng)詞有：want; h

5、ope; ask; decide 等。例如：I want to be a football player.我想成為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。(3)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這樣的動(dòng)詞有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow 等。例如：He asked me to come here in time.他叫我及時(shí)到達(dá)這里。( 4)作表語(yǔ)。例如：My wish is to become a famous pianist.2我的愿望就是成為一名著名的鋼琴家。3. Why don t we go ou t for the day?“Why don t +主語(yǔ)(名詞或代詞)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ ”相當(dāng)于“

6、Why not+動(dòng)詞原形 +其他？ ”并不表示疑問(wèn)，而是征求意見(jiàn)和提出建議。例如：Why don t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 為什么不去游泳呢？ Why not play football with us?為什么不和我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱蚰兀?That sounds like a good idea.這是個(gè)好主意。4. While Jane was singing, I was reading a book.while 作連詞，意為“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，并且是主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句中 的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)，且常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例

7、如：He came in while I was watching TV.當(dāng)我在看電視時(shí)，他進(jìn)來(lái)了?！就卣埂縲hile; when 與 as 的辨析：( 1) while 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)，其動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)。例如：He was watching TV while she was cooking.她做飯時(shí)，他在看電視。(2) when 既可指動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，也可指先后發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)作既可是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。若是同時(shí)發(fā)生且為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則可與while 互換；若 when 作并列連詞，表示“就在那時(shí)，這時(shí)候”則只能用 when,并且 when 引導(dǎo)的從句

8、只能放在后面。例如：When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out.當(dāng)外星人出來(lái)時(shí),小女孩在購(gòu)物。We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door.我們?cè)诳措娨?這時(shí)有人敲門。(3) as 多指主句從句兩動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常翻譯為“一邊一邊”。例如：They talked as they walked. 他們邊走邊談。5. Bicycle riding is good exercise.bicyc

9、le riding 為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ), 在句子中做主語(yǔ)。 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 例如：Swimming is good for our health.游泳對(duì)我們的健康有益?！就卣埂縿?dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語(yǔ),但在用法上有區(qū)別：( 1)不定式作主語(yǔ)通常表示一次性、未來(lái)的且具體的特指動(dòng)作,而動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)通常表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng) 常性和不具體的泛指動(dòng)作。例如：Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old. 步行對(duì)年輕人和老年人來(lái)說(shuō)都是一種好的鍛煉形式。To carry the heavy box

10、is not easy for the boy.對(duì)這個(gè)男孩來(lái)說(shuō),搬這個(gè)箱子是不容易的。( 2)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和不定式作主語(yǔ)有時(shí)可以互換。例如：Playing with fire is dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous.玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。6. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.if 做連詞,意為“如果”。本句是含有 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,要注意： if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 中,主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。另外,主

11、句也可以用 祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子。例如：We will go to the park if it doesn t rain tomorrow.3如果明天不下雨，我們就去公園。Don t wait for me if I am late.如果我晚了就不要等我。If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread.如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。7. We should n ever ride too fast.should 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該”。表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任，可用于各種人稱，無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化，也不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，只能和動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂

12、語(yǔ)，表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)；否定形式為should n ot :縮寫為 shouldn t。其主要用法有：（1 ）表示責(zé)任和義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”。例如：You should take your teacher s advice.你應(yīng)該聽(tīng)從你老師的建議。You shouldn t be late for class.你不應(yīng)該上課遲到。（2 ）表示推斷，意為“可能，該”。例如：The train should have already left.火車可能已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。句式精練I.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。根據(jù)下面的對(duì)話情景，在每個(gè)空白處填上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?，使?duì)話的意思連貫、完整。A: Hello! May I spe

13、ak to Rita?B: This is Rita. 1._ ?A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park（咸平公園）tomorrow?B: Great! I d like to. What time shall we start?A: 2._ ?B: All right, 8 o clock is fine. Oh, 3._?A: It will be sunny. So please bring your sunglas ses. By the way, do you have Jack s tel

14、ephone nu mber? Hell go with us.B: 4._ . I ll call him later. But where shall we meet togethertomorrow?A: At our school gate.B: OK. 5._ ?A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there.B: See you tomorrow.A: See you.II. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. Why don t you go to school earlier?（ 改為同義句）_ go to school earlier?2. Get up early

15、, or you will be late.（改為同義句）_ get up early, you_ be late.3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（改為同義句 ）4Shan ghai is_ in China.4. The train ticket cost him 120.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）5the train ticket?5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_ it ofte n_to go

16、 from Beiji ng to Shan ghai by train?6.Tony doesn t know which book he should choose.(Tony doesn t know which book_ .7. I would like to come to China for my vacati on.(_ like to come to China for_ vacati on.8.It s very hard to work out the math problem.改為同義句)改為一般疑問(wèn)句)同義句)_the math problem is very har

17、d.9. Tom gets a letter from his father every mon th.(改為同義句 )Tom_his father every mon th.10. Lucy will give a pho ne call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane.( 合并為一句)Lucy will give a phone call to her friend_III.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子，每空一詞。1. 你收到李偉的來(lái)信了嗎？Did you_ Li Wei?2.他們?cè)谂瓮斡[北京。用 as soon asThey are_ B

18、eiji ng.3.我想只有 Peter 能想出這些奇怪的主意。I th ink only Peter can_these stra nge ideas.4. Jane 經(jīng)常在星期天幫她媽媽打掃房間。Jane ofte n_ her mother_ the room.5. Michael 建議我們籌錢。Michael_us_.6.看！康康正在看電視而明明正忙著做作業(yè)。Look ！ KangkangTV while Mingming is busy his homework.7.你能幫我們做個(gè)參觀長(zhǎng)城的計(jì)劃嗎？Would you help us _ to visit the Great Wall?8.我很高興收到你的明信片。I m to your postcard.9.走路大約需要兩個(gè)半小時(shí)。It s abouton foot.10.那個(gè)男孩看起來(lái)不同意媽媽的意見(jiàn)。The