英語(yǔ)詞匯記憶法

1、英語(yǔ)詞匯記憶法Chapter 1 facetious   facetious a 輕浮的,開(kāi)不正經(jīng)玩笑的( facet表面+ious=做表面化=輕浮的)fac,fic=face,表示”臉,面” GRE詞匯精選 (紅寶書(shū)) ostentatious   adj 賣(mài)弄的，自我夸耀的pretentious【記】os我死，ten10，tatious：我死了10次吹牛的【根】osten表面，tatious：表面裝飾的不錯(cuò)賣(mài)弄的【參】ostensible（adj 理由等表面的）【反】ostentation（n 賣(mài)弄）artlessness（n 天真爛漫）/ modesty（n 謙遜）“

2、 【根】tend,tens,tentto stretch（張開(kāi)） optimum n (生物成長(zhǎng))最適宜的條件或環(huán)境(optim+um表示場(chǎng)地,如:museum博物館)optim=bext,表示”最好” 【根】optto wish（希望） best, optimal, superlative, unsurpassed. detriment n 損害,不利(de壞+tri=trit+ment=磨壞了=損害)trit=rub,表示”磨擦” 單詞詞源詞典 detriment   15 Etymologically, detriment denotes damage caused by we

3、aring away. The word comes via Old French from Latin dtrmentum, a derivative of dterere wear away (whose past participle is the source of English detritus 18). This was a compound verb formed from the prefix d- away and terere rub (from which English gets attrition and trite). The generalized metaph

4、orical sense harm had already developed in classical Latin. Link:  ATTRITION, DETRITUS, TRITE vicarious   adj 代理的，替代的（代替他人忍受或工作的）【記】vicar（n 代理主教：代替神父或主教的神職人員），ious：代理的vi微，car車(chē)，ious：微型的小汽車(chē)有代替大車(chē)的趨勢(shì)代替的【反】firsthand（adj 直接的；第一手的）" 單詞詞源詞典 vicar   13 A vicar is etymologically a substitu

5、te for or representative of someone else: thus the pope is the vicar of God on Earth, and the vicar of a parish was originally someone who stood in for the parson or rector. The word comes via Old French vicaire from Latin vicrius substitute, deputy. This was a noun use of the adjective vicrius subs

6、tituting (source of English vicarious 17, which more closely preserves the meaning of its Latin original). And vicrius in turn was derived from vicis change, turn, office, source also of English vicissitude 16 and the prefix vice-. dexterous   dexterous a 靈巧的,敏捷的(右手比左手靈巧)dexter = right,表示”右邊” 反

7、義詞:  awkward  clumsy  unskillful scrupulous   adj. 小心謹(jǐn)慎的,正直的（having moral integrity; painstaking）【反】probity unscrupulousness 正直的 不正直的【同】upright, conscientious , painstaking, punctilious【例】working with scrupulous care【記】scruple顧及+lousà很多顧及à小心謹(jǐn)慎的 單詞詞源詞典 scruple   16

8、Latin scrpus meant sharp stone, and the notion of something troubling the mind like a painful stone in the shoe led to its metaphorical use for anxiety, doubt, particularly over a moral issue. Both meanings were carried over into the diminutive form scrpulus, which also came to be used for a very sm

9、all unit of weight. This passed into English via French scrupule as scruple, on the way losing the literal sense small stone.gregarious a 群居的, 愛(ài)社交的(greg+arious愛(ài)的=愛(ài)群體的)greg=group,表示”群體” discretion謹(jǐn)慎,小心cern, cert, cret=sure, separate,表示”搞清,區(qū)別”同義詞:circumspection  delicacy  discernment  d

10、iscreetness  free will  prudence sensory   sensory a 感覺(jué)的,知覺(jué)的(sens+ory)sens, sent =feel, 表示”感覺(jué)” Chapter 2instigate v 教唆,煽動(dòng)(in進(jìn)入+stig=stinct+ate=刺激別人內(nèi)部=煽動(dòng))sting ,stinct,stimul=priek表示”刺,刺激” rudimentary   adj.根本的, 未發(fā)展的 【根】rudraw（天然的;粗糙的） 【同】elementary, beginning, elemental, rudiment

11、al, primitive resilient a 有彈性的(re重新+sil+sal+ient=能重新跳起來(lái)=有彈性的)sal=leap,表示”跳” 【根】sail, sil,sal,sultto leap（跳） collaborate   collaborate v合作,勾結(jié)(col共同+labor+ate=共同勞動(dòng)=合作)labor=labor,表示”勞動(dòng)” labored a 吃力的,費(fèi)力的(labor+ed=被勞動(dòng)出來(lái)的=費(fèi)力的)laborious a 辛苦的,吃力的(labor+ious=勞動(dòng)的=辛苦的)laboratory n 實(shí)驗(yàn)室(labor+atory地方=勞動(dòng)之

12、地=實(shí)驗(yàn)室)belabor v 過(guò)分羅嗦,重?fù)?be+_labor=過(guò)分勞作=過(guò)分做事或羅唆)elaborate v 精工細(xì)做(e出+labor+ate=做出來(lái)的=精工細(xì)做)collaborate v合作,勾結(jié)(col共同+labor+ate=共同勞動(dòng)=合作)zealot n 熱心者(zeal熱情)-ot表名詞,”人” bigot n 頑固而心胸狹窄的人(中世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)bigod=by god的變體)idiot n 白癡(idio愚蠢)zealot n 熱心者(zeal熱情)polyglot n 通曉多種語(yǔ)言的人(poly多+glot舌頭,語(yǔ)言)patriot n 愛(ài)國(guó)者(patri父親)pilo

13、t n “飛行員,領(lǐng)航員(意大利語(yǔ)piloto”劃漿”的變體)”compatriot n 同胞(com共同+patri父親) zealot n 熱心者,狂熱者(zeal+ot表示人,如,hekot奴隸)zeal=ardor,表示”熱心” zeal n 熱心,一心一意zealot n 熱心者,狂熱者(zeal+ot表示人,如,hekot奴隸)zealous a 熱心的(zeal+ous)jealous a 妒忌的(jeal=zeal+ous=對(duì)熱心而得不到,所以妒忌) squelch   v 壓squash；（通過(guò)有力的反駁）使無(wú)言以對(duì)；鎮(zhèn)壓quellquench【記】squ壓，elc

14、h：鎮(zhèn)壓【反】foment（v 煽動(dòng)）；kindle（vt 點(diǎn)燃；煽動(dòng)）" venerate   v 崇敬，敬仰【類(lèi)】venerable:reverencedespicable:scorn可敬的人被尊敬可鄙的人被鄙視【反】dishonor（n /v 使蒙羞）；despise（v 輕視）；scorn（v /n 輕蔑）“ 【同】revere, adore, reverence, worship despondent a 失望的(despond喪氣+ent )spond, spons =promise,表示”承諾” despond v 喪氣(de去掉+spond=不再承諾=使人喪

15、氣)despondent a 失望的(despond喪氣+ent )respond v 回答,反應(yīng)(re回+spond=承諾回去=回答)respondent n 被告 a. 被告的(回答原告的人)response n 回答,答應(yīng)(respond的名詞)responsible a 有責(zé)任的(response回應(yīng)+ible=能回應(yīng)的=負(fù)責(zé)任的)correspond v 符合,通信(cor共同+respond回答=兩人互相回答=通信)correspondence n 通信,來(lái)往spontaneous a 自愿的,自發(fā)的(spont+aneous=自?xún)?nèi)心承諾=自愿的)同義詞:   dejec

16、ted  depressed  discouraged  downcast  downhearted retrospect回顧,回想(retro+spect看=向后看)retro-表示”向后,倒退”retrograd后退,倒退(retro+grade走=向后走)retrogress倒退,退化(retro+gress走=向后走)retrospect回顧,回想(retro+spect看=向后看)retroaction倒行,反動(dòng)(retro+action行動(dòng)=向后行動(dòng)=倒行逆施)retroject向后投射(retro+ject扔=向后扔)retrovert把.

17、翻轉(zhuǎn),使倒退(retro+vert轉(zhuǎn)=向后轉(zhuǎn)=侄退) retrospect v 回顧,回想(retro向后+spect看=向后看=回顧)spect, spic= look, see,表示”看” aspect n 樣子,容貌,方面(a加強(qiáng)意義+spect=看的東西=外表,容貌)circumspect a 慎重的(circum周?chē)?spect=看周?chē)?小心的)circumspection n 慎重,細(xì)心expect v 期待,盼望(ex出+spect=看出去=期待)expectation n 期待,希望(expect+ation)inspect v 檢查,視察(in內(nèi)+spect=看進(jìn)去=視察)i

18、nspection n 視察,認(rèn)真看(inspect+ion)perspective n 看法,眼界,透視(per全部+spect+ive=全部看到=透視,看法)prospect n 展望,前景(pro向前+spect=向前看=展望)prospective a 將來(lái)的(prospect前景+ive)prospectus n 計(jì)劃書(shū),大綱(pro+spect+us=向前看的東西=大綱)respect v/n 尊敬(re再+spect=再看一眼=尊敬)respectable a 可敬的(respect+able)respectful a 充滿(mǎn)敬意的(respect+ful)respective a

19、 各自的(re回+spect+ive=回頭看自己=各自的)retrospect v 回顧,回想(retro向后+spect看=向后看=回顧)retrospective a 回顧的,懷舊的suspect v 懷疑(sus下面+spect=在下面看=懷疑)suspicion n 懷疑(sus+spic+ion=在下面看=懷疑)suspicious a 多疑的(sus+spic+ious)spectacle n 奇觀,狀觀,(spect+acle復(fù))眼鏡(spect+acle=看的東西=眼鏡)spectacular a 奇妙的,驚人的(spect+acular的,來(lái)自spectacle奇觀)spec

20、tator n 觀眾,旁觀者(spect+ator人=看的人=觀眾)speculate v 思索,投機(jī)(spec+ulate=看準(zhǔn)了=思考,投機(jī))speculation n 思索,投機(jī)(spec+ulate=看準(zhǔn)了=思考,投機(jī))auspice n 吉兆,前兆(au鳥(niǎo)+spice=看到鳥(niǎo)喜鵲=吉兆)auspicious a 吉兆的(auspice+ious)conspicuous a 顯眼的,引人注目的(con大家+spic+uous=大家都看見(jiàn)=顯眼的)despicable a 可鄙的(de向下+spic+able=向下看=看不起=可鄙視的)despise v 輕視,看不起(spis=spic

21、)perspicacious a 有洞察力的(per全部+spic+acious的=全部都看到的) scoff   n. 笑柄,嘲笑 v. 嘲笑（to treat or address with derision: mock）v.狼吞虎咽【類(lèi)】scoff:derisive=bluster:loud=pontificate:pompous嘲笑:嘲笑的=怒號(hào):大聲的=武斷:高傲的（動(dòng)作典型特征）scoff:contempt=thank:gratitude 嘲笑:輕蔑=感謝:感謝（同義）【同】scoff, jeer, gibe, fleer, sneer, flout【例】scoffed

22、at their concernsChapter 3 juxtapose v 并列,并置(juxta并排+pose=并排放)pos, posit=put, 表示”放” pose v 做姿態(tài)compose v 組成,作曲,使鎮(zhèn)定(com一起+pose=放到一起=組成)composure n 鎮(zhèn)靜,沉著(com一起+pos+ure=精神放到一起=鎮(zhèn)靜)depose v 免職,沉淀(de去掉+pose放,職位=去掉職位=免職,de下去+pose=放下去=沉淀)discompose v 使不安(dis不+compose不鎮(zhèn)靜=使不安)dispose v 處理,排列(dis分開(kāi)=pose=分開(kāi)排好=排列

23、)disposed a 愿意的(聽(tīng)任處理=心甘情愿的)indisposed a 不愿意的(in不+disposed情愿的)expose v 暴露,揭露(ex出+pose=放出來(lái)=暴露)impose v 強(qiáng)加,征稅(im進(jìn)+pose=放進(jìn)去=強(qiáng)加)juxtapose v 并列,并置(juxta并排+pose=并排放)opposite a 相對(duì)的(op對(duì)+pos+ite=放到對(duì)面=相對(duì)的)repose n 休息,睡眠(re再+pose=再放下工作=休息)transpose v 互換位置(trans轉(zhuǎn)移+pose=互相移放)proposal n 建議,提議(pro 向前+pos+al=向前放=提建議

24、)purpose n 目的,意圖(pur始終+pose=始終放的東西=目的) position n 立場(chǎng)(posit+ion=放出的立場(chǎng),posit本身是一個(gè)單詞,意為”認(rèn)為,肯定” )positive a 肯定的,積極的(posit肯定+ive)apposite a 適當(dāng)?shù)?得體的(ap加強(qiáng)動(dòng)作+posite=放到(合適的位置)=適當(dāng)?shù)?apposition n 并置,同位(ap+posit+ion=放在一起=并置)composition n 作文,組合(com一起+posit+ion=放到一起=組合=作文)composite n 合成物(com一起+posite=放到一起=合成物)depo

25、sit v 儲(chǔ)存 n. 礦藏(de下面+posit=放下不用=儲(chǔ)存)depositary n 貯藏所(deposit+ary)deposition n 免職,沉淀(見(jiàn)depose)disposition n 性情,安排(dis分開(kāi)+posit+ion=分開(kāi)放=安排,引申為人的喜好,心情)exposition n 展覽,解釋(見(jiàn)expose)repository n 倉(cāng)庫(kù)(re重新+posit+ory=重新放東西之地=倉(cāng)庫(kù))suppose n 推測(cè),猜想(sup在下面+pose=放在下面的想法=推測(cè)) lethargy 昏睡(leth原意是” 忘川”,喝了忘川水,一切都忘記)leth=obliv

26、ion (遺忘)lethal 致命的(忘了,死了)單詞詞源詞典 Greek léth meant oblivion (the Romans used it for the name of a river in Hades whose water induced forgetfulness, and its influence has also been traced in changing Latin ltum death to lthum, source of English lethal 17). From it was formed the adjective lét

27、hargos, which in turn produced the noun lthargí, source (via Latin and Old French) of English lethargy. ambiguous adj.曖昧的, 不明確的【根】ambi-=on both sides,about,arround 變化型amb- ambidextrous  非常靈活的(amdi兩個(gè)+dextrous兩只手都和右手一樣靈巧)dexter=right,表示"右邊" ambivalent  adj.矛盾的, 好惡相克的 單詞詞源詞典 Am

28、biguous carries the etymological notion of wandering around uncertainly. It comes ultimately from the Latin compound verb ambigere, which was formed from the prefix ambi- (as in AMBIDEXTROUS) and the verb agere drive, lead (a prodigious source of English words, including act and agent). From the ver

29、b was derived the adjective ambiguus, which was borrowed directly into English. The first to use it seems to have been Sir Thomas More: if it were now doubtful and ambiguous whether the church of Christ were in the right rule of doctrine or not A dialogue concerning heresies 1528. inane   adj.

30、空洞的（lacking significance, meaning, or point）【反】expressive 有表現(xiàn)力的 meaningful有意義的 pregnant富有意義的significant有意義的 weighty有內(nèi)容的 substantiated實(shí)體化的【記】in+an+e 在一個(gè)e時(shí)代里，人們普遍感到空虛【同】blank, empty, empty-headed, vacant, vacuous. dissident a 持不同意見(jiàn)的(dis+sid+ent)持不同意見(jiàn)的人 sid, sed=sit,表示”坐” consider v 考慮(con共同+sider坐=坐在一

31、起思考=考慮)considerate a 考慮周到的(consider+ate)reside v 居住(re再+side=再坐之地=居住)residence n 居住,住宅(reside+ence)preside v 主持(pre前面+side=在前面坐=主持)president n 總統(tǒng),校長(zhǎng)(pre+sid+ent人=有前面坐的人=總統(tǒng))presidium n 主席團(tuán)(preside+ium表示地方或團(tuán)體=前面坐的團(tuán)體)dissidence n 意見(jiàn)不同(dis分開(kāi)+sid+ence=分開(kāi)坐=意見(jiàn)不同)subside v 沉淀,平息(sub下+side=坐下去=沉淀)subsidiary

32、a 補(bǔ)助的(sub下+sid+iary=坐在下面幫助別人=補(bǔ)助的)subsidy n 補(bǔ)助金(sub+sid+y)insidious a 陰險(xiǎn)的(in內(nèi)+sid+ious=坐在內(nèi)部的壞人=陰險(xiǎn)的)residue n 殘余,余渣(re回+sidue=不能用重新坐回來(lái)=殘余)assiduous a 勤勉的,刻苦的(as一再+sid+uous=一再坐著學(xué)習(xí)=勤勉的)sedate a 文靜的(sed=sid+ate=坐著的=文靜的)sedulous a 勤勉的(sed+ulous多的=坐得多的=勤勉的)supersede v 代替,取代(super在上面+sede=坐到上面去=取代)sedentary

33、 a 坐著的,久坐的(sed+ent+ary=坐著的) embellish v 裝飾(em進(jìn)入+bell美麗+ish)em-,en- 表示”進(jìn)入之中,包圍”embrace擁抱(em+brace胳膊=進(jìn)入懷抱)embed安置,嵌于(em+bed范圍,床=進(jìn)入范圍=安置)empathy感情相融的(em+pathy感情=進(jìn)入感情)embarrass使難堪(em+barrass套子=進(jìn)入套子=難堪)embattle整軍備戰(zhàn)(em+battle戰(zhàn)斗)enroll注冊(cè),記入名冊(cè)(en+roll名單)encage關(guān)入籠中(en+cage籠子)enchain束縛(en+chain鎖鏈) 表示”使進(jìn)入狀態(tài)”empower授權(quán)(em+power權(quán)力)embitter使痛苦(em+bitter痛苦的)embody體現(xiàn)(em+body身體=(精神)進(jìn)入身體=體現(xiàn))embellish裝飾(em+bell美好+ish=進(jìn)入美好=裝飾)emboss使凸出(em+boss凸出=使凸出)enact制定,頒布(en+act行動(dòng)=進(jìn)入行動(dòng)=頒布(法令)enchant使迷醉(en+c