非謂語動詞做題技巧(課堂PPT)

1、-Mingo一：非謂語動詞的形式（以一：非謂語動詞的形式（以do為例）為例）to be doneto be donebeing donebeing doneto have doneto have donehaving donehaving doneto be doingto be doing二，非謂語動詞的六大經(jīng)典原則二，非謂語動詞的六大經(jīng)典原則原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式原則三：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。原則三：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。原則四：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與原則四：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏

2、輯主語原則上應(yīng)與 主句主主句主語保持一致語保持一致原則五：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成原則五：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式式原則六：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：用不定式，表示動作原則六：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：用不定式，表示動作尚未發(fā)生尚未發(fā)生; 用用-ing，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，表示動作正在進(jìn)行; 用過去分詞，表示動用過去分詞，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時表示被動意義作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時表示被動意義原則二：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用原則二：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing或不定式或不定式原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式 解析

3、：解析：make a big bamboo box的目的是為了的目的是為了keep the little sick bird，因此選，因此選D表示目的狀語。表示目的狀語。 2. 2. （20112011重慶卷重慶卷,29,29）More TV programs, according to government More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety.officials, will be produced _ peoples c

4、oncern over food safety.A. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raisedA. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raised1.(20121.(2012四川卷四川卷,11,11）Simon made a big bamboo box _ Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly.the little sick bird till it could f

5、ly.A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keepA. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep D DA A原則二：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用原則二：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其原則區(qū)別是或不定式，其原則區(qū)別是: :一般用一般用-ing-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。1. (20141. (2014陜西卷）陜西卷） More highways have bee

6、n built in More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.place to another.A. making B. made C. to make D. having madeA. making B. made C. to make D. having made 【解析【解析 此處用此處用-ing 表示自然而然的結(jié)果。表

7、示自然而然的結(jié)果。 如：如：It rained heavilyIt rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that causing severe flooding in that place.place. 2. The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in 2. The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light.golden light.（20132013湖南卷）湖南卷） A. bathed B. bathin

8、g C. to have bathed D. having A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. having bathedbathed A AB B3. (20163. (2016四川卷四川卷-6)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ -6)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.his plane high up in the sky.A. finding B. to find A. finding B. to

9、 find C. being found D. to have foundC. being found D. to have found4. He hurried to the booking office _4. He hurried to the booking office _ all the tickets had been sold out. all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票處，結(jié)果被告知所有的票已經(jīng)賣完。他匆忙去了售票處，結(jié)果被告知所有的票已經(jīng)賣完。only to be toldonly to be told【解析】【解析】only

10、 to do sth only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的結(jié)果。在此表示出人意料的結(jié)果。原則三：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。原則三：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的動作正在進(jìn)行，則用式；如果所涉及的動作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing-ing的被動式的被動式. .1.1.（ 20152015浙江卷浙江卷-11-11） Its a such nice place, Its a such nice place, Mother said as she sat at t

11、he table_for customers. Mother said as she sat at the table_for customers. A. to be reserved B. Living reserved A. to be reserved B. Living reserved C. reserving D. reserved C. reserving D. reserved2. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ 2. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _

12、could be heard outside the classroom.could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedclosedC. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC. being opened and closed D. to open and closeofof【解析】【解析】of of 后應(yīng)接后應(yīng)接-ing-ing，desks

13、 desks 與與open and close open and close 之間存在邏之間存在邏輯輯上的被動關(guān)系，又因上的被動關(guān)系，又因could be heardcould be heard，所以選，所以選-ing-ing的被動式表正的被動式表正在被進(jìn)行的動作。在被進(jìn)行的動作。3. When she came in, she was surprised to find 3. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with a stranger _ at th

14、e back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her.his eyes _ upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixingfixing C. having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed C. having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed a strangera strangersittingseat vt. fix ones eyes fix ones eyes uponupon=

15、I was seated.I seated myself.=I sat down原則四：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與主句主原則四：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致語保持一致. . 1.1.（20122012福建卷福建卷-34-34）Pressed from his parents, and Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time , the boy is _that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined t

16、o stop playing video games. determined to stop playing video games. realizing realizing B. realized B. realized C. to realize D. being C. to realize D. being realizedrealized2.(20172.(2017浙江調(diào)研測試浙江調(diào)研測試)Not _ with the quality of )Not _ with the quality of your goodsyour goods，I will certainly not advi

17、se others to buy I will certainly not advise others to buy them.them.A Ato impress Bto impress BimpressingimpressingC Chaving impressed Dhaving impressed DimpressedimpressedI IA A D DHis friends to come tonightHis friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the , he is busy preparing the dinner.di

18、nner. My health allowingMy health allowing, I will work far into the night., I will work far into the night.Everything doneEverything done, we went home., we went home.(1) _(1) _givengiven, the bus started. , the bus started. 信號一發(fā)出，汽車就開動了。信號一發(fā)出，汽車就開動了。(2) _(2) _heldheld high, she went by. high, she

19、went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過去。她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過去。(3) _,I will go with you tomorrow. (3) _,I will go with you tomorrow. 時間允許的話，我明天會和你一起去的。時間允許的話，我明天會和你一起去的。The signal Her head 原則四（補(bǔ)充）：如果分詞的邏輯主語不是主句的主語，需加如果分詞的邏輯主語不是主句的主語，需加上另一個邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)上另一個邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Time permitting原則五：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式原則五：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)

20、生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或inging的完成式）的完成式） 1.1.（20172017上海春招上海春招,40,40）Harrison Ford is thought to be Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars _ as a carpenter one of the few movie stars _ as a carpenter before.before.A. to work B. to be A. to work B. to be w

21、orking working C. to have worked D. to have been C. to have worked D. to have been working working 2 2(2014(2014大綱全國，大綱全國，2525）I got to the office earlier that day,_ I got to the office earlier that day,_ the 7:30 train from Paddington.the 7:30 train from Paddington.A Acaught Bcaught Bto have caught

22、to have caughtC Cto catch Dto catch Dhaving caughthaving caughtgotgotbeforebeforeC CD D原則六：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：原則六：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是： 用不定式，表示動作尚未發(fā)生用不定式，表示動作尚未發(fā)生; ; 用用-ing-ing，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，表示動作正在進(jìn)行; ; 用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。用過去分詞，表示動作被動、完成。1.There will be more than three hundred scientists 1.There will be more than three

23、 hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow.attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be heldheld 2. 2. （20132013遼寧卷，遼寧卷，2828）Laura was away in Paris for over a Laura was away in Paris for over a week.

24、When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ for her. for her. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waitingwaiting 注：受注：受 the firstthe first， the second . the last the second . the last 修飾修飾的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作

25、定語。的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作定語。3. 3. （20152015上海卷上海卷-36-36）The club,The club, 25 years ago, is 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. holding a party for past and present members. A. founded B. founding A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be C. being founded D. to be founded

26、foundedThe clubThe clubHe is always the first _and the He is always the first _and the last_school.last_school.他總是第一個來最后一個離開學(xué)校的人。他總是第一個來最后一個離開學(xué)校的人。4 4(2016(2016高考重慶卷高考重慶卷)Were having a meeting in half an )Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision_at the meeting will influence hour.The decis

27、ion_at the meeting will influence the future of our company.the future of our company.A Ato be made to be made B Bbeing madebeing madeC Cmade made D Dhaving been madehaving been madeto cometo leaveTranslate the following sentences into English.Translate the following sentences into English.1. 這是一個已經(jīng)

28、這是一個已經(jīng) 討論了的問題。討論了的問題。2. 這是一個正在這是一個正在 討論的問題。討論的問題。3. 這是一個將要這是一個將要 討論的問題。討論的問題。This is a problem discussed. This is a problem discussed. （已經(jīng)完成的被動動作）（已經(jīng)完成的被動動作）This is a problem being discussedThis is a problem being discussed. （正在進(jìn)行的被動動作）（正在進(jìn)行的被動動作）This is a problem to be discussed. This is a problem

29、to be discussed. （將要進(jìn)行的被動動作）（將要進(jìn)行的被動動作）discusseddiscussed being discussedbeing discussed to be discussedto be discussed已經(jīng)已經(jīng)正在正在將要將要 三，非謂語動詞解題四大步驟三，非謂語動詞解題四大步驟1.辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂”2.找邏輯主語找邏輯主語3.分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)4.分析時態(tài)分析時態(tài)1.1.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), ,辨別辨別“謂語與非謂語謂語與非謂語” _many times , but he still couldnt _many times , but he

30、still couldnt understand it .understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .understand it . Having been told Having been told Being told Being told C. He had been told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldD. Though he was toldC_A注意連詞注意連詞3.It _ a

31、 hot day3.It _ a hot day, , wed better go wed better go swimming.swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.to go there. is B. to be C. beingis B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號 非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點(diǎn)，

32、非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。2.找邏輯主語找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little 1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.2.She is reading a book found on the w

33、ay.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from 3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.colleagues about it. 一一般來說，作般來說，作狀語

34、狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語；的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語；作作賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語；的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語；作作定語定語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。 To take B. Taking To take B. Taking C. To be taken D. TakenC. To be taken D. TakenA. to take B. taking A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenC. to be taken D. takenD B1._ everythi

35、ng into 1._ everything into consideration,consideration, they ought to have another chance. they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _2.Everything _into into consideration,consideration, they ought to have another chance. they ought to have another chance.EverythingEverythingtheythey3.分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)

36、分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系。和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系。 “You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away.“You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were

37、2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing C. Being lost D. LosingJaneJane the two studentsthe two studentslost(lost(迷路的）迷路的）/ seated (/ seated (坐）坐

38、）/hidden/lost/ /hidden/lost/ absorbed in/absorbed in/dressed in/ tired of dressed in/ tired of 等，不管作什么成分都不用等，不管作什么成分都不用ing ing 形式形式4.分析時態(tài)分析時態(tài)1. The building _now will be a 1. The building _now will be a restaurant .restaurant .2. The building _ next year will 2. The building _ next year will be a re

39、staurant .be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a 3. The building _last year is a restaurant.restaurant. having been built B.to be having been built B.to be builtbuilt C.being builtC.being built D. D. builtbuilt _C_B_D四，非謂語動詞設(shè)題陷阱四，非謂語動詞設(shè)題陷阱陷阱一：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是考查省略句陷阱一：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是考查省略

40、句1. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. (2014四川卷)A. wateredB. watering C. water D. to water【解析】答案選A。unless watered可視為unless they are watered之省略。又如：Unless changed, this law will make life difficult for farmers. 這項(xiàng)法令除非進(jìn)行修改，否則將給農(nóng)民的生活造成困難2. No matter how frequently _, the works

41、of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2016廣東卷)A. performed B. performingC. to be performed D. being performed【解析】答案選A。No matter how frequently performed可視為No matter how frequently they are performed之省略。陷阱二：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是形容詞的用法陷阱二：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是形容詞的用法1. He is very popular among

42、 his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. (2017江蘇卷)A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest【解析】答案選A。過去分詞interested在此已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，interested in意為“對感趣”。2. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (2006全國卷)A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be

43、 surprising【解析】答案選B。由于與形容happy并列，故可排除C和D。又因?yàn)槭怯靡哉f明主語Tony的心情，故用surprised，不用surprising陷阱三：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是考查某種句式陷阱三：形式上是考查非謂語動詞，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是考查某種句式1. Its a long time since I saw my sister. (2008全國I)_ her this weekend?A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visit 【解析】答案選A。Why not為英語中常用句式，用于提出建議，其后只接動詞原形，不接不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞。注意不能選D，但是若D改為Why dont you visit也可以選。2. If you are planning to spend your money having fun th