賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

1、賓語(yǔ)從句（The Object Clause ）學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。一.賓語(yǔ)從句的定義賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)的作用，可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)也可以做介詞的賓語(yǔ) 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)：I heard that he would come here later on.主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一個(gè)句子作賓語(yǔ)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)介詞一個(gè)句子作介詞的賓語(yǔ)二賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞有：連詞:that （that ?？墒÷裕?whether

2、, if代詞：who, whose, what .which副詞：when ,where, how, why 等。 連詞：He told me （that he would） go to the college the next year 他告訴我他明年上大學(xué).I don't know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否還會(huì)有公交車.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam沒(méi)有人知道他是否會(huì)通過(guò)考試. that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（在非正式場(chǎng)合that可以省略）1. 可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：say,

3、 think, insist, wish. hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream suggest, hear. mean. notice, prefer. request, require, propose, declare, report 等。The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets2. 在可

4、以接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞之后，如：think, make, consider等，可以用it做形式賓語(yǔ)。We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.他應(yīng)當(dāng)改進(jìn)他的發(fā)音，我們認(rèn)為這是必要的。3. thay從句一般不能充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，偶爾可作except, in的賓語(yǔ)。如：He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.他是個(gè)好學(xué)生，就是有點(diǎn)粗心。He differed from his classmates in that he devoted

5、his spare time to reading.他和他的同學(xué)不同的地方在于他耙課余時(shí)間用在了讀書上。其他介詞后面需要用that從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須用it做形式賓語(yǔ)。You may depend on it that I shall always help you.你要相信我會(huì)一直幫助你的。練習(xí)題(1) . I don't tliiiik he is right.?A. isnt he B. is he C. do ID. dont I(2) . He believes she is right.?A. doesn't he B does he C is she D isn&#

6、39;t she(3) .1 thought that he disliked playing football.?A. didift heB. did heC. did ID. didn't I(4) . I findimportant that we practice English every day.A. itB. thisC. thatD. what(5) . You can't imaginewhen they received the nice gift.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how

7、excited were theyD they were how excited在以下情況中that不能省峪1、當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后而的that不可 省。I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will get better.2、當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，that-般不可省。Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green c

8、oat and his black silk cap.3、當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that不可省。I can't tell him that his mother died.4、當(dāng)it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)例句：She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子，ihai引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。5、當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句前置時(shí) That our team will win, I believe.6、當(dāng) that 作 learn,suggest,explain.agree,wonder,pr

9、ove,mean,state.feel.hold 等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí); 由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可互用悄況：當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否“。如：I don't know if / whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道這么多年后他是否還 住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用whether,不能用if：前有狼后有虎，or not接其后，引主表位句首用whethei: 在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether (if. or no

10、t也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether / if he will come or not. (= Let me know whether or not he will come) 讓我知道他是否能來(lái)。I don*t know whether / if he does any washing or not. （=1 dont know whether or not he does any washing）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我們是去還是留。 在介詞之后用whether a如:Fm in

11、terested in whether he likes English.我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。Werre thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我們正在考慮是否能按時(shí)完成這 項(xiàng)工作。 在不定式前用whethero如：He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未決立是否拜訪那位老人。He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他還未決龍是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。 whether置于句首時(shí)，不

12、能換用if。女口：Whether this is true or not, I can*t say.這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)宜用whethero如：Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。 若用iF會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，則用whethero如：Please let me know if you like the book.可理解為：b. If you like the book, please let me know.你如果喜歡這本書，請(qǐng)告訴我只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1、if引導(dǎo)

13、條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如果“The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、if引導(dǎo)否泄概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)He asked if I didn't come to school yesterday.3、引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句even if （即使）和as if （好象）時(shí)He talks as if he has known all about it.連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。用于這種結(jié) 構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know,

14、decide, show, find out. imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand. inform, advise 等 連接代詞：who,whom.whose.which,what,句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、怎語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。連接代詞一般指疑問(wèn)，但what? whatever除了指疑問(wèn)外，也可以指陳述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是誰(shuí)贏得了紅色警報(bào)的游戲么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 這本書會(huì)告訴

15、你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎？ 連接副詞有：when.wherejvhy.how,在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。He didn't tell me when we should meet again.他沒(méi)有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見(jiàn)而. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤嗎？None of us knows

16、where these new parts can be bought.沒(méi)有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.練習(xí)題(1) I don't knowor not.B. if he is at homeA. whether he is at homeC. that he is at homeD. whether is he at home(2) This depends on the weather is fineA. whichB. whetherC. ifD. that(3) The teacher asked the new studentclass he was in.A. wh

17、ichB. whereC. ifD. that(4) I don't knowMr. Green will come to see us. He'll help us with our EnglishA. whyB. whenC. howD. where(5) 一 Be careful! Don't break the bottles. Do you hearI said? David?Yes, MumA. whatB. thatC. whyD. it(6) 一 Do you knowMr Black's address is?一 He may live at

18、NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I 'm not sure ofA. where, whichB. where, whatC. what, whichD what, where(7) There is not much difference benveen the two. I really don't knowA. what should I chooseB. which I should chooseC. which should I chooseD. what I should chooseAttention:賓語(yǔ)從句的杏定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂

19、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, expect等詞，而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否立時(shí)，常把 否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。其反義疑問(wèn)句一般與賓語(yǔ)從句一致.I don't tlinik it is right for him to treat you like tliat.I don't believe that man is killed by Jim.is he?我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend won't she/he?We suppose you

20、 have finished the project, haven't you?（注倉(cāng)：如果賓語(yǔ)從句中有某個(gè)含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞（不包含帶有否定曲綴的詞，如，unhappy, unfair, dislike 尊八其反義疑問(wèn)句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens Io the teacher carerully, does he?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他從不仔細(xì)聽(tīng)老師講課.是不是？）當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第二.三人稱時(shí)，其反義疑問(wèn)句一般與主句保持一致。Your sister supposes she needs no help doesn't she?You

21、thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?總結(jié)：三賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+英他成分。I don't know what they are looking for. Could you tell me when the train wi

22、ll leave?做筆記：into space by spaceship one day.C. can he flyD. could he flyB. where is the nearest bankD. the nearest bank is where with his car?B. what the matter isD. what is the matter練習(xí)題：(1) Did you find out?A. she was looking for whose child C. whose child she is looking for(2) Are you interested

23、 in?A. how did he do it B. he did it how(3) I don't know. Can you tell me?A. how the two players are old C. the two players are how old(4) 一 What did the scientist say?He said he wondered ifA. he had to fly B. he could fly(5) Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me A. Where the bank nearest C. where t

24、he nearest bank is(6) She asked Tom _ A. what the matter was C. what was the matterB. whose child was she looking forD. whose child she was looking forC. how he did it D. he how did itB. how old are the two playersD. how old the two players are四賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài):1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。 例句:The headmaster

25、hopes everything goes well.2、主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例句:She was sorry tliat she hadn't finished her work on time.3、當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí)，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)態(tài)。例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.練習(xí)題(1) It's 7:30.1 can! believe youcooking dinner yet, Sally.D. hadnt

26、startedA. haven t startedB. didn't C. don't start(2) The teacher told us yesterday that December 25Christmas Day.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be(3) The teacher said that the earthround the sunA. gocsB.goC. wentD. will go(4) We d like to tell you tliat youthe exam.A. have passedB. had passed

27、 C. passD. will pass(5) "Could you tell me? "Yes. Tlieyto the library."A. where are the twins, have beenB. where were the twins, have beenC. where the twins are, have goneD where the twins were, have gone(6) Our father said that hea new computer next weekA. will buyB. have bought C. w

28、ould buyD. buys(7) I hear that heto Beijing yesterday.A. gocsB. will goC. wentD. have gone直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)一、直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)1. 直接引語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)2.間接引語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)二、直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換1. 人稱變化2時(shí)態(tài)變化3.指示代詞的變化4時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化5.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化 6.方向性動(dòng)詞的變化三、不同句式的直接引語(yǔ)怎樣轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)1 陳述句2.疑問(wèn)句3.祈使句4.感嘆句（一）直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)是人們用來(lái)直接引述或間接轉(zhuǎn)述別人話語(yǔ)的重耍形式，這兩種形式各 有特點(diǎn)。1.直接引語(yǔ)

29、的特點(diǎn)直接引語(yǔ)用來(lái)直接引述別人的話語(yǔ)，一般說(shuō)來(lái)具有以下五個(gè)特點(diǎn)：（1）被引用的話放在引號(hào)內(nèi)：（2）被引用的話是原話，不作任何改動(dòng)：（3）引用的話之前用3 "或“：S（4）引用的話結(jié)束后，需用“S V 等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)；（5）引出直接引語(yǔ)的引述動(dòng)討常為say（說(shuō)道），ask（問(wèn)道），shout（喊道），cry（喊道），order（命 令）,add（補(bǔ)充道），smile（微笑道）,laugh（大笑道）等。e.g. Laura said. T would like to visit China this summer?1勞拉說(shuō)：“今年夏天，我想去中國(guó)游覽。”uMaiy will give me

30、a nice present, ”Bobbie said.博比說(shuō)：仔馬麗耍給我一件精美的禮物。"Lisa asked /'Can someone help me out?”麗莎問(wèn)："有人能幫我嗎?”David said to me have been ill since last week：大衛(wèi)對(duì)我說(shuō)：“自上周以來(lái)，我一直病著。"Justin asked his mother /'Can I watch TV for a while?"賈斯廷問(wèn)媽媽：“我能看一會(huì)兒電視嗎廠Paula said 廣There'll be a lect

31、ure tomonow aftemoon.n保拉說(shuō)：明天下午有一個(gè)講座?！盩he doctor asked "What's the matter with you?n醫(yī)生問(wèn)："你怎么 了 廠The girl smiled ；Tm delighted to see you again.”姑娘微笑道：“我很高興再次見(jiàn)到你。-2 間接引語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)間接引講用來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話語(yǔ)，它主要有如下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：（1）在引述謂語(yǔ)和被引用的話語(yǔ)之問(wèn)不用逗號(hào).冒號(hào)、引號(hào)等：（2）有時(shí)態(tài)的變化：（3）有人稱、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等的變化：（4）常用的引述動(dòng)詞有say（說(shuō)道）,ask（問(wèn)道），shout（喊道

32、），cry（喊道）,order（命令），add（補(bǔ) 充道），smile（微笑道）,laugh（大笑道）等。c.g. Mill said that he would stay in China for another year.米爾說(shuō)他將在中國(guó)再呆一年。Lily told me that she had phoned you.莉莉告訴我她給你打過(guò)電話。The girl asked me if I could help her.小姑娘問(wèn)我是否能幫她。Tamara asked Tanya when they would start off.特瑪拉問(wèn)塔尼亞他們什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。（二）直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)

33、換教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)極其突破方法：直接引語(yǔ)在很多情況下可以轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意 人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化，同時(shí)還應(yīng)注意不同句式的變化?？诳诳?1人稱的變化直接引語(yǔ)中的代詞變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)句意情景進(jìn)行變化。變化規(guī)則如下表所示:直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)第一人稱第三人稱或第一人稱（隨主句的主語(yǔ)）第二人稱第三人稱或第一人稱（隨主句中的賓語(yǔ)）第三人稱第三人稱（不變）eg. I said ,T won't lose heait .”一>1 said that 1 wouldn't lose heait.我不會(huì)灰心的。（第一人稱I不變）I told Mary ；'We

34、 will help you out of trouble ">1 told Maiy that we would help her out of trouble. 我告訴瑪麗我們會(huì)幫助她解決麻煩的0（第一人稱we不變，第二人稱you變?yōu)榈谌朔Qher）Nancy told her parents /'Evan is a mce boy. He is always ready to help.”一>Nancy told her parents that Evan was a nice boy and that he was always ready to help

35、 南希告訴父母說(shuō)伊文是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的小伙并11他總是樂(lè)丁助人（第三人稱he不變） 口口口2.時(shí)態(tài)的變化主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)如果是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中時(shí)態(tài)和原直接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)一 樣，不作改變。e.g. Carson says 廣1 will have all of you over and eiyoy our free and easy time.">Carson says that he will have all of us over and enjoy our free and easy time 卡森說(shuō)他會(huì)讓我們都過(guò)來(lái)自由、輕松地好好玩一玩。（I）時(shí)態(tài)變化的情況如果主句

36、為過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，則間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)相應(yīng)向前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，如下表所示:直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)覘在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)e.g. Tina saidusually get up at six.”一>Tim said she usually got up at six.說(shuō)她通常六點(diǎn)起床。（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)）Martin told me 廣I rang Alice yesterday?'>Martin told me that he had rung Alice the daybe

37、fore 馬丁告訴我說(shuō)他昨夭已經(jīng)給艾麗斯打電話了。（一般過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)）Nina told me ,<4Lisa is studymg abroad.n >Nina told me that Lisa was studying abroad.尼娜告訴我麗莎正在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）Hayley said to me 廣1 will see you at the same place tomonow.M>Hayley said to me that she would see me at the same place the next day.海莉?qū)ξ抑v她

38、第二天要在同一地點(diǎn)見(jiàn)我。（一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)）Nell said /I have worked out this problem."> Nell said that she had worked out that problem. 內(nèi)爾說(shuō)她己經(jīng)做出了那道題目。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)）Bob told me 廣I had worked here for years before I moved out. JBob told me that he had worked there for years before he moved out.鮑勃告訴我說(shuō)他在那兒工作了多年才

39、搬走。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變）（2 ）時(shí)態(tài)不需要變化的幾種情況一般說(shuō)來(lái)當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為間接引語(yǔ)，彼轉(zhuǎn)述的話依然有效或在當(dāng)時(shí).當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，常常 不改變時(shí)態(tài)。具體有以下兒種情況。 直接引語(yǔ)有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間時(shí)。e.g. Chloe said 廣The stoiy took place m the 1930s. JChloe said that the story took place in the 1930s.克勞說(shuō)這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在二十世紀(jì)三十年代。 只著眼丁轉(zhuǎn)述事實(shí)，而不側(cè)重動(dòng)作先丁轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)作的時(shí)間時(shí)。c.g. The boy said ,T found the dog just at the edge of

40、 the wood.">The boy said that he found the dog just at the edge of the wood. 男孩說(shuō)他在森林邊上發(fā)現(xiàn) 了那條狗。 所轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)說(shuō)話時(shí)仍在繼續(xù)，并對(duì)此點(diǎn)加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。e.g. The reporter said 廣The war is now still on?">The reporter said that the war is now still on.記者說(shuō)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)依然在繼續(xù)。Charlie told me ,T am just helping my dad on the faim

41、nglit now ”一>Charlie told me that he is just helping his dad on the farm right now.查理告訴我說(shuō)他現(xiàn)在正在農(nóng)場(chǎng)幫他父親干活。 所轉(zhuǎn)述的是口然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)真理、名言警句等，并對(duì)此加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。e.g. Our English teacher said /All work no play makes Jack a dull boy.'J Our English teacher told US that all work no play makes Jack a dull boy. 我們的英語(yǔ)老師告訴我們只顧

42、學(xué)習(xí)不休息，聰明的孩子也變傻。3. 指示代詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)中的this在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)改為that, these改為thoseoe.g. Toby said to me 廣This is the School Computer Center?5> Toby said to me that was the School Computer Center.（this 變?yōu)?that） 托比告訴我說(shuō)那就是學(xué)校計(jì)算機(jī)中心。Kerry told me 廣These photos were taken ten years ago.M>Kerry told me that those photo

43、s had been taken ten years bcfore.（these 變?yōu)?those） 克里告訴我說(shuō)那些照片是十年前拍的o注意：在說(shuō)話者的當(dāng)時(shí).當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，this, that不用改變。Nora said :Til take this book."What did Nora say just now?She said she will take this book4. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)now現(xiàn)在then那時(shí)today今天that day 那夭this evening 今晚that evening那夭晚上yesterday 昨 夭the day before

44、 前夭yesterday morning 昨 天上午the morning before 前天早晨last night昨天晚上the night before 前天晚上two days ago 兩天前two days before 兩天前next week 下周the next week the following week 第二周tomorrow 明天the next daythe following day 第二夭the day before yesterday 前天two days before 兩 夭前the day after tomorrow 后夭m two days5 time

45、two days after 兩夭后c.g. Nell said ,Tm now visiting China. JNell said that she was then visiting China 內(nèi)爾說(shuō)她當(dāng)時(shí)正訪問(wèn)中國(guó)<> （now 變?yōu)?then） Rcbccca asked me /lHave you got anything on this evening?">Rebecca asked me whether I had got anything on that evening 麗貝卡問(wèn)我那夭晚上是否有事。（this evening變?yōu)閠hat even

46、ing）Joanna said /'Professor Black is going to give a lecture on SARS next week.一>Joanna said that Professor Black was going to give a lecture on SARS the next week 喬安娜說(shuō)布萊克教授第二周要做一場(chǎng)有關(guān)非典的講座。（next week變?yōu)閠he next week） 特別提示在說(shuō)話者的當(dāng)時(shí)、當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，所說(shuō)的話在轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)還起作用，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不變。c.g.Jimmy, we111 take a tnp to Hawaii to

47、moiTOw.吉米，明天我們到夏威夷去旅行。What did Daddy say just now, Mummy?媽媽，爸爸說(shuō)什么？He said we> 11 take a tiip to Hawaii tomonow.他說(shuō)明天我們?nèi)ハ耐穆眯小?. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化常見(jiàn)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)變化是把here,變?yōu)閠hereo另外over here應(yīng)變?yōu)閛ver thereoe.g. The boy said 廣This is the first time I have been here.n>The boy said that that was the first time he had b

48、een there.這個(gè)男孩說(shuō)那是他第一次到那個(gè)地方。（here變?yōu)閠here）Roman told me /I just put all the tlnngs over here.n>Roman told me that he had just put all the things over there.羅曼告訴我他剛才把所有的東西都放在那邊了 o （over here變?yōu)閛ver there） 特別提示在說(shuō)話者的當(dāng)時(shí)、當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述時(shí)，here, over here不用改變。c.g.Will you come here, Jim?吉姆請(qǐng)到這邊來(lái)，好嗎？What does Robert sa

49、y?羅伯特剛才說(shuō)什么？He asked if you will come here.他問(wèn)你是否可以到這邊來(lái)。6. 方向性動(dòng)詞的變化在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示方向性的動(dòng)詞bring, come應(yīng)變?yōu)閙kc, go。c.g. My sister asked me /'Could you bnng the chairs upstairs?”一>My sister asked me if I could take the chairs upstairs.我的姐姐問(wèn)我能否把椅子拿到樓上去。（bring變?yōu)閠ake）Helen told me prefer you to come to

50、the party tlus weekend.n>Helen told me that she would prefer me to go to the party that weekend 海倫告訴我她愿意讓我那個(gè)周末去參加宴會(huì)。（come變?yōu)間o） 特別提示當(dāng)某一地點(diǎn)成為說(shuō)話者或聽(tīng)話者談?wù)摰闹行臅r(shí)，盡管遠(yuǎn)離雙方，在間接引語(yǔ)中依然用bring, come。e.g. Lisa said that she'd like me to come to the party. 麗莎說(shuō)她愿意讓我去參加宴會(huì)。（the party為說(shuō)話的中心） Terence asked me if I cou

51、ld bring my DV Camera on the （rip. 特倫斯問(wèn)我旅行時(shí)是否可以帶著數(shù)碼攝像機(jī)。（the trip為說(shuō)話的中心）（三）不同句式的直接引語(yǔ)怎樣轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)常用四種不同的句式，即陳述句式.疑問(wèn)句式、祈使句式和感嘆句式，在 轉(zhuǎn)述這些不同的內(nèi)容時(shí)應(yīng)運(yùn)用不同的句式。1. 陳述句將直接引語(yǔ)中的陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)變成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，that可以省略。 主句引述動(dòng)詞主要為say（說(shuō)）,tell（告訴），repeat（重復(fù)），answcr（答道）,reply（答道），explain（解 釋說(shuō)），think（認(rèn)為）,bclieve（堅(jiān)信），suggest（

52、建議）,advise（建議）等。c.g. Chad said ；Tm going to take up literatwe this tenn.>Chad said （that） he was going to take up literature that term.査德說(shuō)他那個(gè)學(xué)期要選修文學(xué)。Perry told his parents 廣What I want is not money, but love fi-om you.>Perry told his parents （that） what he wanted was not money but love from th

53、em. 佩里告訴他的父母說(shuō)他想要的不是錢，而是來(lái)口父母的愛(ài)。Doctors usually advise /'People should live a fi*ee and easy life.n>Doctors usually advise （that） people should live a free and easy life.醫(yī)生經(jīng)常建議人們應(yīng)該過(guò)得 輕松愉快。2. 疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)中的疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序，句末用句號(hào)。主句引述動(dòng)詞是 say 時(shí)，要改為 ask（問(wèn)）,wonder（想知道），don't kiiow（不知道）,wanttoknow（想

54、知道），be not sure（拿不準(zhǔn)）,be puzzlcd（納悶）等。e.g. Bridget said / Do all of you often write to your parents?n> Bridget asked ifVwhethcr all of us often wrote to our parents. 布里奇特問(wèn)我們是否經(jīng)常給父母寫信。（一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）Carmen asked me 廣You are interested m computer studies, aren't you?”一>Carmen asked

55、 me if/whether I was interested in computer studies.卡門問(wèn)我是否對(duì)電腦研究感 興趣。（反意疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）I asked SallyWill you stay witli me or go by yourself on a piciuc?>I asked Sally whcthcr/if she would stay with me or go by herself on a picnic. 我問(wèn)莎莉她是和我呆在一起，還是口己獨(dú)自去野餐。（選擇疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣hether/if.or.|導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）"

56、;What are your parents and where do they live ?"the policeman asked me.> The policeman asked me what my parents were and where they lived 警察問(wèn)我父母是干什么的，住在哪里。（特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛商厥庖蓡?wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）3. 祈使句祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)須將祈使句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成不定式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，原主句引述 動(dòng)詞say須改為ask（讓）,tell（告訴），order（命令），beg（乞求）,warn（警告）,advise（建議）等。 否定句需要在

57、不定式前加上no*有的祈使句表示建議霊要改成"suggesVadvise that. .+（should）+ ”結(jié)構(gòu)。c.g. "Come m and sit down, please lCher said to us.>Cher told/asked us to come in and sit down. 雪兒讓我們進(jìn)來(lái)坐下。"Doif t always be so nervous, John"： one of them said.>One of them told John not to be so nervous.其中一個(gè)人告訴約翰不要緊張。"Try one more tune and see what will happen二 the teacher said >The teacher advised that they should try one more time and see what woul