神經(jīng)外科英文詞匯

1、1、 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)解剖生理單詞音標(biāo)釋義diaphragma sallaedafræm s:l鞍膈dorsal thalamusd:rsl 'ælms背側(cè)丘腦brachial plexus'brekrlplkss臂叢limbic system 'lmbk'sstm邊緣系統(tǒng)limbic lobe 'lmbklob 邊緣葉fasciculus gracilisf'skjls'græsls薄束gracicle nucleus'græsl'njukls薄束核lateral ventricle

2、9;lætrlvntrkl側(cè)腦室terochlear nucleus'trklr車(chē)神經(jīng)核ulnar nerve'lnn:rv尺神經(jīng)cerebrumsri:brm大腦，腦組織Cerebal arterialcircles'ribrlrtrils:rkl大腦動(dòng)脈環(huán)posterior cerebral arteryp:strisri:brl:rtri大腦后動(dòng)脈internal cerebral veinsnt:rnlven大腦內(nèi)靜脈cerebral cortexk:rteks大腦皮質(zhì)anteriorcerebral arteryæntri(r)大腦前動(dòng)脈c

3、erebrocerebellum 'serbroser'belm大腦小腦middle cerebral artery midl大腦中動(dòng)脈insula 'nsjl島葉subthalamussb'ælems底丘腦sacral plexus 'sekrlplkss骶叢third ventriclevntrkl第三腦室fourth ventricle 第四腦室ectospinal tracttek'tspnltrækt頂蓋脊髓束pretectal areapri:'tektl頂蓋前區(qū)parietal lobep'rat

4、llob頂葉oculomotor nucleus kjl'mot動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)accessory nucleus of oculomotor ækssrikjl'mot動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)副核oculomotor nucleus動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)核lentiform nucleus'lentf:m 豆?fàn)詈藅elencephalon telen'sefln端腦frontal lobefrntl:額葉parasympathetic nervepærsmp'etk副交感神經(jīng)accessory nerve ækssri副神經(jīng)accessory nueleus

5、副神經(jīng)核radiculomedullaryrædkjlmd'lr 根髓動(dòng)脈femoral nerve 'femrl股神經(jīng)chorda tympani'k:d'tmpn鼓索hippocampal formation hp'kæmpl海馬結(jié)構(gòu)parahippocampal gyrusp:r:'pokæmpæl'dars海馬旁回cavernous sinuskævrnssans海綿竇Substantia nigrasb'stænr'ngr黑質(zhì)Red nucleus紅核R

6、ubrospinal tractrju:b'rspnltrækt紅核脊髓束Posterior communicating arteryp:stri后交通動(dòng)脈metathalamusmet'ælms后丘腦Posterior funiculusfju:'nkjls后索Trochlear nerve'trklr滑車(chē)神經(jīng)Basilar sinus'bæslsans基底竇Basilar artery基底動(dòng)脈Basal nucleibesl, -zl基底核Spinal nervespanl脊神經(jīng)Posterior Spinal arte

7、ry脊髓后動(dòng)脈Anterior Spinal artery脊髓前動(dòng)脈Spinothalamic tractspanæ'læmi:k脊髓丘腦束spinocerebellumspanosr'belm脊髓小腦Posterior spinocerebellar tractspanosr'bel脊髓小腦后束Anterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小腦前束diencephalondaen'sefln間腦Sympathetic trunksmptktrk交感干Sympathetic nerve交感神經(jīng)Cervical plexuss

8、:rvkl頸叢Interinalcarotid arteryk'rtd頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Cervical enlargementnl:rdmnt頸膨大Tibial nerve'tbrl脛神經(jīng)paleocerebellunpe'li:oser'belm舊小腦Commissural fibersk'mrl'fab連合纖維Association fiberssoien聯(lián)絡(luò)纖維Cauda equina'kad馬尾Vagus nerve'vegs迷走神經(jīng)Dorsal nucleus of Vagus nerved:rsl迷走神經(jīng)背核Facial ne

9、rvefel面神經(jīng)nucleus of Facial nerve面神經(jīng)核Brain stembrenstm腦干Reticular formation of the brain stemr'tkjlf:rmen腦干網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)spanlflud腦脊液Meningeal sinusm'nndrlsans腦膜竇ponspnz腦橋Cerebral arachnoid mater'ræknd腦蛛網(wǎng)膜Medial lemniscusmi:dillem'nsks內(nèi)側(cè)丘系Medial geniculate bodyd&

10、#39;nkjlt內(nèi)側(cè)膝狀體Medial longitudinal fasciculusl:ndtu:dnlf'skjls內(nèi)側(cè)縱束Internal capsulekæpsul內(nèi)囊Visceral motor nervevsrlmot(r)內(nèi)臟運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)Temporal lobetemprl額葉Corticonuclear tractk:tknu:kli(r)皮質(zhì)核束Corticospinal tractk:t'kspnl皮質(zhì)脊髓束Corpus callosumk:rpsk:'losm胼胝體claustrum'kl:strm屏狀核Anterior funi

11、culusfju:'nkjls前索Vestibular nerveves'tbjl前庭神經(jīng)Vestibulospinal tractvestbjlo'spanl前庭脊髓束Vestibular nuclei前庭神經(jīng)核Vestibulocochlear nerve'vestbjlokoklrr前庭蝸神經(jīng)Vestibulocerebellumvestbjlosr'belm前庭小腦Commissure of fornix'kmr'f:nks穹窿連和thalamus'ælms丘腦Radial nerveredil橈神經(jīng)Floccu

12、lonodular lobeflkjlo'ndjl(r)絨球小結(jié)葉Pia materpa, pi軟腦膜Trigeminal lemniscustra'demnllem'nsks三叉丘系Trigeminal nerve三叉神經(jīng)Motor nucleus of Trigeminal nervemot(r)三叉神經(jīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)核Mesencephalic nucleus of Trigeminal nervemesens'fælk三叉神經(jīng)中腦核Superior olivary nucleus'lver上橄欖核Maxillary nervemæk&#

13、39;slr上頜神經(jīng)epithalamusep'ælms上丘腦Ascending reticular activating system，ARASsndr'tkjlæktvet上行網(wǎng)狀激動(dòng)系統(tǒng)Hypoglossal nervehap'glsl舌下神經(jīng)Hypoglossal nucleus舌下神經(jīng)核Glossopharyngeal nerveglsof'rndrl舌咽神經(jīng)Optic chiasma:ptkka'æzm視交叉Supraoptic nucleussju:pr'ptk視上核Optic nerve視神經(jīng)Para

14、ventricular nucleusp:rvent'rkjl視旁核Pineal bodypani:l松果體Projection fibersprdkn投射纖維Lateral lemniscuslætrl外側(cè)丘系Lateral funiculusfju:'nkjls外側(cè)索Lateral geniculate bodyd'nkjlt外側(cè)膝狀體Reticulospinal tractr'tkjlspanl網(wǎng)狀脊髓束Caudate nucleus'k:det尾狀核Corpus striatumk:rpsstr'etm紋狀體Cochlear n

15、erve'kklr蝸神經(jīng)Cochlear nuclei蝸神經(jīng)核Infeiior olivary nucleusnfri(r)'lver下橄欖核Mandibular nervemæn'dbjl下頜神經(jīng)hypothalamushapoælms下丘腦cerebellumser'bel小腦Cerebellar hemisphereser'belmhemsfr小腦半球Tonsil of cerebellumt:nsl小腦扁桃體Cerebellar nuclei小腦核Cerebellar cortexk:rteks小腦皮質(zhì)vermis'v

16、:ms小腦蚓Fasciculus cuneatusf'skjls楔束Cuneate nucleus'kju:nt楔束核neocerebellum'ni,ser'belm新小腦Amygdaloid body'mgdld杏仁體Olfactory brain:lfæktri嗅腦Olfactory nerve嗅神經(jīng)Medulla oblongatam'dlbl':t延髓Ophthalmic nerve眼神經(jīng)Lumbar plexuslmb(r)plkss腰叢Lunbosacral enlargement'lmbosekrl腰骶膨

17、大Axillary nerveækslr腋神經(jīng)Saphenous nerves'fi:ns隱神經(jīng)Cerebral dura mater'djr硬腦膜archicerebellum:rkser'belm原小腦Abducent nerveæb'dju:snt展神經(jīng)Abducens nucleusæb'dju:snz展神經(jīng)核Occipital lobek'sptl枕葉Median nerve正中神經(jīng)mesencephalonmesen'sefln中腦Central canalsntrlknæl中央管Pos

18、tcentral gyruspost'sentrl'dars中央后回Precentral gyrusp'rsentrl中央前回Vertebral arteryv:tibrl椎動(dòng)脈Pyramidal tract'prmdl錐體束Autonomic berve:t'nmk自主神經(jīng)Sciatic nervesaætk坐骨神經(jīng)2、 腦水腫、腦疝、腦死亡brain edema'di:m腦水腫Intracranial pressure，ICPntr'krenrlpr顱內(nèi)壓ionic brain edemaa:nk離子性腦水腫Hydrocep

19、halic brain edemahadrose'fælk腦積水性腦水腫Brain herniah:rni腦疝Cerebral deathd腦死亡Ischemic cerebral edemas'ki:mk缺血性腦水腫Osmotic brain edemaz'mtk滲透壓性腦水腫papilledemapæpl'di:m視乳頭水腫Water channel protein，aquaporin，AQPproti:n'ækwprn水通道蛋白Cytotoxic brain edemasat'tksk細(xì)胞毒性腦水中Vasoge

20、nic brain edema血管源性腦水腫Subfalcial herniationsb'fæsrlh:n'en大腦鐮下疝Transtentorial herniation小腦幕切跡疝Upward Transtentorial herniationpwrd小腦幕切跡上升疝3、 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)查體Proprioceptive sensationsproprr'septvsnsen本體感覺(jué)Patellar clonusp'tel 'klns髕陣攣Brudzinski sign布魯金斯基征gaitset步態(tài)Tactile tæktl觸

21、覺(jué)Cluster headache，CHklsthdek叢集性頭痛Hemicrania hem'krenr偏頭痛Hemicrania simplex'smpleks單純性偏頭痛Hemicrania epilepsia'eplepsr癲癇性偏頭痛orientation:rinten定向力Light reflexesriflks對(duì)光反射Sweat testswt發(fā)汗試驗(yàn)Episodic tension headacheeps:dktnn發(fā)作性緊張性頭痛reflexesriflks反射Beat-back testbit反擊征試驗(yàn)Near reactionnr輻輳反射Combi

22、ned sensationkmbandsnsen復(fù)合感覺(jué)Abdominal reflexæbd:mnl腹壁反射Sensory conduction Velocity，SCVsnsrikndknvl:sti感覺(jué)神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度Sensory system感覺(jué)系統(tǒng)Sensory aurar感覺(jué)先兆Gait of sensory ataxiatæksi感覺(jué)性共濟(jì)失調(diào)性步態(tài)sensory aphasiafe 感覺(jué)性失語(yǔ)Anal reflex'enl肛門(mén)反射Gowers maneuvermnuv, -nju-高娃試驗(yàn)Achilles reflexkliz跟反射Heel-to-sh

23、in testhiln跟膝脛反射Biceps reflexbasps肱二頭肌反射Triceps reflextrasps肱三頭肌反射ataxiatæksi共濟(jì)失調(diào)Ataxic gaits'tæksk共濟(jì)失調(diào)步態(tài)coordinationko:rdnen共濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)dysarthriads':ri:構(gòu)音障礙Ankle clonusækl踝陣攣Circumduction gaitskm'dkn環(huán)行步態(tài)comakom昏迷stuporstu:p(r)昏睡狀態(tài)Marital history & Menstrual historymærtl

24、mnstrul婚育史與月經(jīng)史Dystrophic gaitd'strofk肌營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良步態(tài)Muscle tonemslton肌張力Basilar artery migraine基底動(dòng)脈偏頭痛Immediate recallmiditrkl即刻記憶calculationkælkjlen計(jì)算力memorymmri記憶力History of past illnesslns既往史Secondary headacheseknderi繼發(fā)性頭痛Familial hemiplegic Migraine，F(xiàn)HMfmljlhe'mpli:dkmagren家族性偏癱性偏頭痛Consensu

25、al light reflexkn'senrl間接對(duì)光反射Scissors gaitszrz剪刀步態(tài)Corneal reflex'k:nrl角膜反射Tension headachetnn緊張性頭痛Recent memoryrisnt近記憶Neck-tongue syndromenkt頸-舌綜合征Spastic gaitsspæstk痙攣步態(tài)Resting tremors'resttrm靜止性震顫Spastic paralysisprælss痙攣性癱瘓Giant cell arteritisdant':trats巨細(xì)胞動(dòng)脈炎Kernig sig

26、n克尼格征Steppage gaitst:pd跨閾步態(tài)Supraorbital neuralgiasu:pr':btlnræld眶上神經(jīng)痛Cortical spreading depressiondprn擴(kuò)散性大腦皮質(zhì)抑制Benign paroxysmal vertigobnanpærk'szmlv:rtgo良性發(fā)作性眩暈Two-point discriminationdskrmnen兩點(diǎn)辨別覺(jué)Romberg sign羅姆伯格征Twilight statetwalat朦朧狀態(tài)Nominal aphasian:mnl命名性失語(yǔ)Meningeal irritat

27、ionm'nndrlrten腦膜刺激征Cerebrovascular diseaseserbro'væskjl腦血管病Torsion spasmt:rnspæzm扭轉(zhuǎn)痙攣Snout reflexsnat努嘴反射dermatographiad:mt'græfr皮膚劃痕癥hemiballismushembæ'lzms偏身投擲Migraine equivalentsyndromeskwvlnt偏頭痛等位癥Superficial reflexsu:prfl淺反射Superficial sensation淺感覺(jué)Grasp refle

28、xgræsp強(qiáng)握反射Tactile sensationtæktl輕觸覺(jué)Decerebrate rigiditydi:'serbretrddti去皮質(zhì)強(qiáng)直Brachiradialis reflexbretr'redrls橈骨膜反射Deep reflex深反射Deep sensation深感覺(jué)Physiological reflexesfzildkl生理反射baragnosisbæræn'oss失辯重能dyslexiadslksi失讀癥Agraphia'ræfr失寫(xiě)癥stereognosissterg'nos

29、s實(shí)體覺(jué)astereognosisæs'teri:onoss實(shí)體覺(jué)缺失Visual auravulr視覺(jué)先兆Visual acuitykjuti視敏度Visual fieldsfild視野somnolence's:mnlns嗜睡狀態(tài)athetosis'ðetoss手足徐動(dòng)Pilomotor responsepalo'motrsp:ns豎毛反應(yīng)Accommodation reflexk:mden調(diào)節(jié)反射Cremasteric reflexk'rem:strk提睪反射Postural testsp:strl體位性試驗(yàn)mydriasism&

30、#39;drass瞳孔散大mioticma'tk瞳孔縮小Painful ophthalmoplegiapenflfælm'pli:dr痛性眼肌麻痹headache頭痛dizzinessdzns頭暈graphesthesiar:fes'ði:zr圖形覺(jué)graphanesthesiaræfe'nesi:zr圖形覺(jué)缺失Temperature sensationtemprt(r)溫度覺(jué)Migraine without aura，MO無(wú)先兆偏頭痛Choreic movementsk:'ri:k'mu:vmnts舞蹈樣運(yùn)動(dòng)Suck reflexsk吸吮反射Patellar reflexp'tel膝反射Jaw-jeck refl