初中英語代詞課件(精品全面)

1、代代 詞詞 ( pron.)：代詞分為人稱代詞 物主代詞指示代詞一、人稱代詞、物主代詞、一表清一、人稱代詞、物主代詞、一表清（二）、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞（二）、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞v形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞相當(dāng)于形容詞 置于名詞之前置于名詞之前 在在句中做定語修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用。句中做定語修飾名詞，一般不單獨(dú)使用。veg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?v名詞性物主代詞常用來避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，名詞性物主代詞常用來避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞+名詞名

2、詞”。v名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，不能用于名詞前。相當(dāng)于名詞，不能用于名詞前。veg: The blue pen is mine練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇v1. Please send_ best wishes to Mary. A. I B. me C. my D. minev2. This is my book. _are over there. A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Minev3. _ have a lot of homework to do. A. He, you and I B. You, he and I C. I, you an

3、d he D.I, he and you v4. The man downstairs found _ very difficult to get to sleep. A. that B. them C. it D. itsv5. -Hi, Jim. Is this your bike or Toms? - Its mine, not_. A. hers B. yours C. his D. himCBBCC三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v定義：反身代詞又稱自身代詞，由第一人稱、第二定義：反身代詞又稱自身代詞，由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱人稱代詞賓格，人稱形容詞性物主代

4、詞和第三人稱人稱代詞賓格，單數(shù)加詞尾單數(shù)加詞尾self、復(fù)數(shù)加詞尾、復(fù)數(shù)加詞尾selves 構(gòu)成，可用口構(gòu)成，可用口訣簡記如下：訣簡記如下：v反身代詞表自身，反身代詞表自身，self與與selves單數(shù)、復(fù)分。單數(shù)、復(fù)分。 一、二人稱形代后，第三人稱改用賓。一、二人稱形代后，第三人稱改用賓。v在句子中，反身代詞可作動詞或介詞的賓語、表語、在句子中，反身代詞可作動詞或介詞的賓語、表語、主語或者賓語的同位語，也可用口訣簡記：主語或者賓語的同位語，也可用口訣簡記：v反身代詞三成分：賓、表同位反自身。反身代詞三成分：賓、表同位反自身。三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v（一）作動詞的賓語（一）作動詞

5、的賓語v反身代詞可以與反身代詞可以與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞等詞連用，表明動作的承受者就是主語本身。連用，表明動作的承受者就是主語本身。v1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?v2. help oneself (to sth.) 隨便吃點(diǎn)什么，后面可接隨便吃點(diǎn)什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴會當(dāng)中，用來招呼客人的用語。食物，一般用在宴會當(dāng)中，用來招呼客人的用語。 Help yourselves to some fruit, chi

6、ldren.三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v3. hurt oneself 傷著自己傷著自己 She didnt hurt herself.v4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自學(xué)自學(xué) Did you teach yourself English ?= Did you learn English by yourself?v5. look after oneself 照顧自己照顧自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v6. say to oneself自言自語自言自語 Mary

7、 said to herself, “ What shall I do?”v7. come to oneself蘇醒蘇醒 Soon the lady came to herself.v8. make oneself + 過去分詞，使自己被別人過去分詞，使自己被別人 She did her best to make herself understood.v9. make yourself at home別客氣，讓自己像在家一樣別客氣，讓自己像在家一樣 Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.v10. lose oneself in沉浸于

8、沉浸于陶醉于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v（二）（二） 反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞賓語反身代詞和介詞連用構(gòu)成介詞賓語v1. by oneself = alone自己做自己做 She has done her homework by herself.v2. for oneself為自己為自己 She made the skirt for herself.v3. of oneself自然而然的、自動的自然而然的、自動的 The door opened of itself.v4. amo

9、ng themselves在他們中間在他們中間 They are discussing the matter among themselves.三、反身代詞的用法三、反身代詞的用法v（三）作表語（三）作表語v反身代詞可與反身代詞可與be動詞或系動詞連用，表示或描述一種感覺、動詞或系動詞連用，表示或描述一種感覺、情緒或狀態(tài)。情緒或狀態(tài)。 The little boy was myself.v（四）用作主語或賓語的同位語，往往用來加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞（四）用作主語或賓語的同位語，往往用來加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞的語氣，在句中可置于名詞、代詞之前、之后或句子末尾。的語氣，在句中可置于名詞、代詞之前、之后或句子末尾。

10、v1. 作主語的同位語作主語的同位語 You will have to do it yourself. He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.v作賓語的同位語作賓語的同位語 I will give the letter to your brother himself. Youd better ask Mary herself about it.四、指示代詞四、指示代詞this/ that/ these/ those【辨析】【辨析】one, it, that it 常用來特指上下文提到的同類事物，用來指可數(shù)名詞常用來特指上下文提到的同

11、類事物，用來指可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，或者不可數(shù)名詞，one泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子，泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，that常用在比較等級中，代表前面提到的常用在比較等級中，代表前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。名詞，以避免重復(fù)。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, eac

12、h, every, both, neither, all, none等等v（一）（一）some 與與 anyvsome 常用于肯定句中，當(dāng)說話者期望得到對方的常用于肯定句中，當(dāng)說話者期望得到對方的肯定回答或表示請求建議時(shí)，可以用在疑問句中；肯定回答或表示請求建議時(shí)，可以用在疑問句中；any常用于否定句和疑問句中，當(dāng)常用于否定句和疑問句中，當(dāng)any表示表示“任任何何”時(shí)，可用于肯定句。時(shí)，可用于肯定句。 There arent any students in the classroom. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please.五、不定代詞五、不定代詞s

13、ome, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等v（二）辨析（二）辨析both, neither, either, all, nonevboth, neither和和 either這三個(gè)詞用于兩者或這三個(gè)詞用于兩者或兩者之間，兩者之間，both表示表示“兩者都兩者都”，用于，用于肯定句；肯定句；neither與與both互為反義詞，意為互為反義詞，意為“兩者都不兩者都不”；either表示表示“兩者之中任兩者之中任何一個(gè)何一個(gè)”（或者用于否定句中，表示（或者用于否定句中，表示“也也”）。）。all和和none都用于三者或者三者以都用于三者或者三

14、者以上，上，all表示表示“全部、都全部、都”，none表示表示“沒有沒有任何人或物任何人或物”。五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等v【辨析】【辨析】so/ neither+助動詞助動詞+主語！和主語！和so/ neither+主語主語+助動詞！助動詞！vso +（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞）、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞）+主語，意為主語，意為“也也”，“同樣同樣”。表示前面所說的情況也適合于。表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人（物），此句是一倒裝句。另一個(gè)人（物），此句是一倒裝句。neither用法與用法與之相反。之

15、相反。vso +主語主語+（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞），表示、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞），表示“贊贊同同”，意為，意為“不錯(cuò)、的確、確實(shí)不錯(cuò)、的確、確實(shí)”。注意：前后兩。注意：前后兩個(gè)句子指的是同一個(gè)人。同樣，個(gè)句子指的是同一個(gè)人。同樣，neither的用法與之的用法與之相反。相反。五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等v（三）（三）many&muchvmany 和和much都有都有“許多許多”的意思，的意思，many用來修飾可數(shù)用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much用用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。v

16、名詞修飾語一覽表名詞修飾語一覽表五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等v（四）（四）a few, a little, few, little五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等veach和every“每一個(gè)”each=everyShe knows each student of the class.她認(rèn)識班級中的每個(gè)學(xué)生。She knows every student of the class.她認(rèn)識班級中的所有學(xué)生。Ea

17、ch of them doesnt smoke.每個(gè)人都不吸煙。every卻只有形容詞詞性，不可單獨(dú)使用。each作代詞，與of連用重于個(gè)體強(qiáng)調(diào)整體五、不定代詞五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等等v（六）圖解（六）圖解other系列不定代詞系列不定代詞六、復(fù)合不定代詞六、復(fù)合不定代詞六、復(fù)合不定代詞六、復(fù)合不定代詞v注：注：v1. 這些詞后一般都不可接這些詞后一般都不可接of短語。短語。v2. 這些詞一般沒有詞形變化，但以這些詞一般沒有詞形變化，但以-one或或-body結(jié)尾的詞能結(jié)尾的詞能帶所有格詞尾。如：帶所有格詞

18、尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. v3. 這些詞修飾形容詞或者副詞時(shí)，形容詞或者副詞都需要后這些詞修飾形容詞或者副詞時(shí)，形容詞或者副詞都需要后置。置。v4. 這些復(fù)合代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。這些復(fù)合代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。v5. 在反意疑問句中，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是在反意疑問句中，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everybody，someone等指人的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問部分的主語往往用等指人的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問部分的主語往往用they，也可以用也可以用he；若陳述部分的主語是；若陳述部分的主語是anything， nothing等指等指物的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問部

19、分的主語用物的復(fù)合代詞時(shí)，疑問部分的主語用it。如：。如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ?七、相互代詞七、相互代詞each other; one another.v表示兩個(gè)人或事物之間的相互關(guān)系用表示兩個(gè)人或事物之間的相互關(guān)系用each other, 表示三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上的人或事物之表示三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí)，用間的相互關(guān)系時(shí)，用one another或或each other都可以，也就是說都可以，也就是說one anther一般不用一般不用

20、于兩者之間的相互關(guān)系。其所有格形式是于兩者之間的相互關(guān)系。其所有格形式是each other s和和one another s，兩者?？?，兩者?？苫Q。互換。八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞v（一）疑問代詞（一）疑問代詞v1. who，whom都表示都表示“誰誰”，作主語時(shí)用，作主語時(shí)用who，作賓語時(shí)用作賓語時(shí)用whom。Who在特殊疑問句中可以替換在特殊疑問句中可以替換whom，但當(dāng)疑問詞作介詞賓語時(shí)，且介詞又置于，但當(dāng)疑問詞作介詞賓語時(shí)，且介詞又置于句首時(shí)，只能用句首時(shí)，只能用whom。 With whom did you talk just now? Who (whom)

21、are you waiting for?v2. which, what在特殊疑問句作定語時(shí)，后面必須在特殊疑問句作定語時(shí)，后面必須緊跟一個(gè)名詞。緊跟一個(gè)名詞。 What class are you in?八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞v（二）關(guān)系代詞（二）關(guān)系代詞vThis is the doctor who came here yesterday.vThe man whom you saw last week has left the town.vI know the woman whose husband is a doctor.vThe room which you can

22、 see by the river is a reading room.練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇v6. Tom is here, and a friend of _ is here, too. A. his father B. his fathers C. hes father D. he fatherv7. Help _ to some fish, Jenny. A. yourselves B. yourself C. himself D. herselfv8. The boys and girls seemed to enjoy_ in the park. A. themselve

23、s B. them C. they D. theirv9. - Is this model plane yours? - Yes, its mine. It is made by_. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herselfv10. Mr. Green taught_ English in our school and taught_ French at home. A. us his B. him us C. us himself D. our himselfBBAAC練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇v11. -Could you offer m

24、e _ juice, sir? -Im really sorry. I havent got_ now. A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; somev12. Is there _ with your bike? A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D. wrong somethingv13. - Im leaving for the exam. Bye-bye, Mum. - Well, make sure youve got_ ready. A. someth

25、ing B. anything C. everything D. nothingv14. He can speak _ French, but not_. A. some, much B. any, much C. much, many D. many, anyv15. Money is important in my life, but it isnt _ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anythingBACAA練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇練習(xí)一：單項(xiàng)選擇v16. - Could I have some milk? - Certainly

26、. Theres_ in the bottle. A. little B. a little C. a few D. fewv17. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. thatv18. This apple is delicious. Give me _one ,please. A. the other B. another C. others D. otherv19. They are both go

27、od at English, but _ of them is good at maths. A. none B. either C. all D. neitherv20. There are fifty students in our class. Some are from the USA, and _are from China A. another B. the other C. others D. otherBBBBC練習(xí)二、練習(xí)二、 用正確的代詞填空用正確的代詞填空v1. -Excuse _, is this bike yours?v -No, it isnt _. I think its Toms.v -Yes, it is _.v2. She will finish the work_.v3. Make _ at home, Lucy.v4.The boy is standing with _ hands in the pocket.v5. You can have one cake_, children.v6.