2018年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷I聽(tīng)力分析報(bào)告

1、2018 年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷 I 聽(tīng)力分析與啟示2018 年高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷 I 聽(tīng)力部分全面考查了學(xué)生在真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中理解、獲取信息以及運(yùn) 用信息的能力，難度適中。材料話(huà)題廣泛，語(yǔ)言地道，信息點(diǎn)豐富，題目及選項(xiàng)設(shè)置靈活。特別是詞匯的使用上，靈活創(chuàng)新，值得關(guān)注。本套試卷的聽(tīng)力主播是美音，總詞數(shù)888 詞,比去年減少 50 詞。1.近 5 年全國(guó)卷 I 聽(tīng)力考點(diǎn)對(duì)比分析考點(diǎn)年份20142015201620172018具體信息1011978推理判斷8891110主旨大意11111觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度101112018 年聽(tīng)力測(cè)試所設(shè)計(jì)的考點(diǎn)與 20XX 年高考反映的趨勢(shì)相同，即改變以往事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)類(lèi) 具體信息題目居多的印

2、象，加大推理判斷類(lèi)題目的考查，符合真實(shí)的聽(tīng)力場(chǎng)景，聽(tīng)懂細(xì)節(jié)的 同時(shí)，也應(yīng)能夠?qū)β?tīng)到的信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單加工，作出合理推斷， “根據(jù)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容推斷得出相關(guān)信 息的能力是聽(tīng)力理解能力的重要構(gòu)成部分?！蓖瑫r(shí)也加大了聽(tīng)力試題的區(qū)分度，利于選拔優(yōu)秀 人才。啟示：今后的教學(xué)訓(xùn)練中，應(yīng)有意識(shí)地加大簡(jiǎn)單推理能力的訓(xùn)練，能作出合理預(yù)測(cè)，會(huì) 進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)算。2.近 5 年全國(guó)卷 I 聽(tīng)力話(huà)題對(duì)比分析年份/早節(jié)第一節(jié)(Txt)第二節(jié)(Txt)123456789102014問(wèn) 路搭車(chē)準(zhǔn)備 報(bào)告讀 書(shū)天氣拒絕看電影紐約出差面試大城市與 小縣城生 活比較2015趕火車(chē)談天 氣參加 會(huì)議選 擇課 程希望對(duì) 方關(guān)掉 收音機(jī)度假 旅行餐

3、館就餐準(zhǔn)備報(bào) 告身體 不適住房租 房倫敦茶葉 貿(mào)易中心2016生 日禮 物求助解決 矛盾餐 館占 餐是否開(kāi) 窗暑期 工作畢業(yè)計(jì)劃酒店預(yù) 訂 周末計(jì) 劃美國(guó)大學(xué) 畢業(yè)生求 職狀況2017看 電影出國(guó) 旅行準(zhǔn)備 聚餐圖 書(shū)館網(wǎng)上杳 詢(xún)火車(chē)問(wèn)路餐館點(diǎn)餐預(yù)約談 話(huà) 出國(guó)工 作干旱酷熱 天氣2018看 電視購(gòu)物趕火車(chē)步行上班課堂請(qǐng) 假重返 學(xué)業(yè)旅行就餐租房知識(shí)改變 人生近五年聽(tīng)力話(huà)題高度重復(fù)，集中在衣食住行學(xué)習(xí)生活。聽(tīng)力話(huà)題圍繞學(xué)生，特別是中學(xué) 生的認(rèn)知世界展開(kāi)，比如看電視、請(qǐng)假、就餐、旅行等，特別是有四篇材料都談到了學(xué)校、 學(xué)習(xí)，突出了學(xué)習(xí)的意義和價(jià)值，是對(duì)學(xué)生世界觀(guān)、價(jià)值觀(guān)的引領(lǐng)。啟示：新高考，立德

4、樹(shù)人是重要任務(wù)，聽(tīng)力部分同樣可以滲透人文關(guān)懷與精神引領(lǐng)；新 高考下的英語(yǔ)測(cè)試，不再是單純的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)測(cè)試，而是注重于真實(shí)場(chǎng)景下語(yǔ)言的正確使用， 特別是恰當(dāng)表達(dá)與地道詞匯的使用， 是今年高考題的新亮點(diǎn)與新趨勢(shì)。關(guān)注聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練與教學(xué) 中的詞匯教學(xué)，已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。備考中，禾 U用話(huà)題的集中性，熟悉相關(guān)情景話(huà)題詞匯、句 式、表達(dá)，并加以針對(duì)性練習(xí)。多熟悉常用詞，不回避生僻詞。3.逐題分析Text 1W: James, you ve been watching TV for the whole evening. What s on?M: It s a scie nee program on the ori

5、gi n of the uni verse. I II give a prese ntati on on it inmtomorrow.1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)男士的話(huà)“ Illgive a presentation on it in my class tomorrow. ”可知，男士明天要在課堂上作演講，故選B。關(guān)鍵難詞：presentation啟示：加強(qiáng)地道場(chǎng)景詞匯的有效累積。Give a presentation 是英

6、美課堂上的常見(jiàn)場(chǎng)景， 如考生不了解該詞匯，理解就會(huì)有困難，更談不上與talk 的有效轉(zhuǎn)化。Text 2M: Hello, do you have “ The Best of Mozart ”？W: Um, sorry, we ve just sold out. But we can order cfoe you. If you give us your number, we ll call you when the CD arrives.2. What can we say about the woma n?A. She s generous.B. She s curious.C. She s

7、 helpful.【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)女士的話(huà) “But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we will callyou when the CD arrives.”可知，女士幫男士預(yù)訂唱片，等唱片到貨就聯(lián)系他，從 而判斷女士是愛(ài)幫助人的，故選 C。理解難詞：“ The Best of Mozart莫扎特音樂(lè)精選集啟示：（1）學(xué)生需了解一些西方知名的文學(xué)家、音樂(lè)家、畫(huà)家等優(yōu)秀人物，對(duì)西方文 化的了解是學(xué)生跨文化交際能力的有效前提。（2）與人打交道是聽(tīng)力常考話(huà)題，人與社會(huì) 是修訂課標(biāo)的三大主題之一，是需要重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練的主

8、題。Text 3W: We d better be going now, or weM: No rush. It s 8:30 now. We still have two hours.3. Whe n does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.【解析】推理判斷題。簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字推算。根據(jù)男士的話(huà)“Its8:30 now. We still have two hours” 可知，現(xiàn)在是八點(diǎn)半，他們還有兩個(gè)小時(shí)，從而計(jì)算出火車(chē)是十點(diǎn)半發(fā)車(chē)，故選C。理解難詞：No rush.啟示：聽(tīng)力前五題中的推理計(jì)算都相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單一些，聽(tīng)清楚基準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)信

9、息很重要。Text 4M: I am so tired of driv ing all those hours to work.W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within walkingdistanee of my office. I don t even need a bike.4. How does the woma n go to work?A. By ear.B. On foot.C. By bike.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“

10、 But now, I live within walki ng dista nee of my office. I don even needa bike.”可知，女士住在工作單位附近，步行就可到達(dá)辦公室，甚至都不需 要騎自行車(chē)，故選 B。關(guān)鍵難詞： within walking distance.啟示：衣食住行均為聽(tīng)力常見(jiàn)考查內(nèi)容，需加強(qiáng)對(duì)此類(lèi)場(chǎng)景的常見(jiàn)表達(dá)積累。Text 5W: Hi, Andy. I didn t see you in Professor Smith s class yesterday. What happened?M: Well, I had a headache.

11、So, I called him and asked for sick leave.5. What is the probable relati on ship betwee n the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and stude nt.C. Doctor and patie nt.【解析】 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“ I didnsee you in Professor Smithsclass yesterday.和 男士的話(huà)“ So,forlltbetaOn.I called him and asked for sick leave”可知，兩人

12、的關(guān)系可能是同班同學(xué)，故 選 A。判斷關(guān)系時(shí)，注意說(shuō)話(huà)者之間打招呼的方式以及彼此的稱(chēng)呼。關(guān)鍵難詞： ask for sick leave啟示：（1）請(qǐng)假、度假、放假，假假不同。需要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注類(lèi)似漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)下的英文 地道表達(dá)是什么。（2）請(qǐng)假是常見(jiàn)的學(xué)生活動(dòng)，高考側(cè)重于考查從學(xué)生特別是中學(xué)生的認(rèn) 知角度所了解的世界。Text 6W: The biggest mistake I made, uh was leav ing college in my last year and not compleducation. So, I m thinking of going back to school.

13、M: School? To study what?W: Ecology. I m in terested in the relati on ship betwee n huma ns and n ature.M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?W: No, I majored in chemistry the n.6. What does the woma n regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropp ing out of college.C. Changing her major.【解析】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

14、根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“ The biggest mistake I made, uh was leaving college in my last yearand not completing my education” 可知，女士很后悔從大學(xué)輟學(xué)，故選B。關(guān)鍵難詞：leave college啟示：聽(tīng)力材料中的 leave college 和選項(xiàng)中的 drop out of college 都是關(guān)鍵詞，考查學(xué) 生熟詞生義。7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Educati on.C. Chemistry.【解析】

15、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)男士的話(huà)“To study what? ”和女士的回答“Ecology. I m interested in therelatio nship betwee n huma ns and n ature.可知，女士現(xiàn)在對(duì)生態(tài)學(xué)感興趣，故選A。ing my理解生詞：ecology啟示：人與自然是本材料滲透的主題，也是修訂課標(biāo)的三大主題之一Text 7M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip.W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I m going to st

16、ay at?M: Yes, of course. The Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South CoastHighway. It is the most beautiful hotel here.W: That sounds great.M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you d have aW: That s really nice. I like to have some local foods

17、while traveling. What about thescenery around it?M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocea n.W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel.8. What is the man?A. A hotel man ager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.【解析】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)男士的話(huà)“ lam your guide for this trip. ”可知，男士的身份是導(dǎo) 游，故選 B。關(guān)鍵難詞：guide啟示：guide

18、一詞從聽(tīng)的角度是難詞，但幸運(yùn)的是，選項(xiàng) B 中出現(xiàn)了該原詞，所以啟示 我們一是聽(tīng)前的瀏覽預(yù)習(xí)環(huán)節(jié)很必要，二是不要糾結(jié)于上一題是否做對(duì)，應(yīng)及時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)入下一題。9. What is the man doing for the woma n?A. Look ing for some local foods.B. Show ing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)女士的話(huà) “Could you tell me about the hotel I m going to stay at?和男士的

19、話(huà)“ Yes, of course”以及他后面給出的信息可知，男士為女士提供了關(guān)于這個(gè)賓館 的情況，故選 C。lot of choice地道表達(dá)：it sits on the seaside 理解難詞：scenery, view啟示：口語(yǔ)中的地道英文表達(dá)需要關(guān)注， 閱讀高水平的聽(tīng)力原文材料是積累此類(lèi)表達(dá)的 有效途徑。Text 8W: Hi, Mike.M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don t often come here.W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here

20、 for a cha nge today.M: The en vir onment here is good clea n and relatively quiet.W: Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorroweve ning?M: Yes, are you?W: Yeah. Catheri ne was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do youkn

21、ow anyone who might like to go?M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joa n might want to go.W: Oh, yes. She s a great fan of classical music. I ll give her a ring after lunch.10. Where does the conv ersati on probably take place?A. I n an office.B. At home.C. At a restaura nt.【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)女士

22、的話(huà) “I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here fora change today” 和“ Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty.可知，對(duì)話(huà)發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)可能 是餐館，故選 Co理解難詞：deliver啟示：民以食為天，食是高考聽(tīng)力的重要考查方面，與食有關(guān)的餐館信息、訂餐、食物 評(píng)價(jià)等均為熱點(diǎn)話(huà)題。11. What will the speakers do tomorrow eve ning?A. Go to a con cert.B. Visit a friend.C. Wo

23、rk extra hours.【解析】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“ By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrowevening?”和男士的回答“ Yes, are you?以及接下來(lái)女士的回答“ Yeah”可知，他 們明天要去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)，故選 A。理解難詞：be supposed to啟示：聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)、參觀(guān)博物館、看比賽等是業(yè)余文化生活的重要活動(dòng)，提醒學(xué)生們關(guān)注 相關(guān)表達(dá)。12. Who is Alice goi ng to call?A. Mike.B. Joa n.C. Catheri ne.【解析】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)男士的話(huà)“Uh, Jo

24、an might want to go”以及女士的話(huà)“I II give her a ring afterlunch.”可知，女士接下來(lái)會(huì)給 Joan 打電話(huà)，故選 B。關(guān)鍵難詞：work extra hours啟示：約會(huì)是常見(jiàn)的生活場(chǎng)景，表達(dá)某人有空或沒(méi)空，不一定要用free 或 busy，應(yīng)多掌握一些類(lèi)似于 work extra hours 的多樣化表達(dá)。Text 9W: Hi, I ve cjnilyt arrived.M: Oh, good. Now, here arethe keys. Let the right. Docome in.W: Thank you. I like the

25、 carpet. The color is nice, isnM: Yes, and this apartme nt is in good con diti on. Here is your lounge.W: Where would we eat?M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitche n. Come and see.W: The kitchen is quite small.M: Yes, but it has everything cooker, fridge, even a dishwasher.W: And t

26、here are lots of cupboards.M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one.W: It s a good size, though.M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too.W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I un dersta nd it is$800 a mon

27、 th.s go in. There are two apartments. The one or rent ist it?M: Yes, but a few blocks dow ntow n would be much more expe nsive.W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.13. Why does the woma n meet the man?A. To look at an apartme nt.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.【解析】 推理判斷題。根

28、據(jù)男士的話(huà) “There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. 以及后面說(shuō)話(huà)雙方談到租金價(jià)格可知，女士來(lái)見(jiàn)男士是為了看一間出租的公寓，故選A。關(guān)鍵難詞：rent啟示：安居方可樂(lè)業(yè)，衣食住行作為生活的基本構(gòu)成部分，長(zhǎng)期受到聽(tīng)力考查的青睞。 買(mǎi)房、賣(mài)房、租房、收拾房間、購(gòu)買(mǎi)家具等話(huà)題均需熟練掌握。14. What does the woma n like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its desig n.C. Its quality.【解析】 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“ I like th

29、e carpet. The color is nice, is n”可知，女 it?士很喜歡這個(gè)地毯的顏色，故選 A。理解難詞：lounge啟示：lounge 作為客廳的表達(dá)方式，不同于學(xué)生熟悉的living room。應(yīng)加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)場(chǎng)景的多元詞匯積累。15. What does the man say about the kitche n?A. It s a good size.B. It s n ewly pain ted.C. It s adequately equipped.【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)男士的話(huà) “but it has everything cooker, fridge, e

30、ven a dishwasher. 可知，男士覺(jué)得這間廚房雖然小，但該有的家電一樣都不少，配備很完善，故選C。adequately 不在 3500 大綱詞匯內(nèi)，但是 adequate 的派生詞，該詞在聽(tīng)力材料中不常用。關(guān)鍵難詞：adequately equipped啟示：此處聽(tīng)力原文表述并不難理解， 但選項(xiàng)為學(xué)生不太熟悉的詞匯。提示我們關(guān)注考綱中相對(duì)較生僻的詞匯及其詞形變化。16. What will the woma n probably do next?A. Go dow ntow n.B. Talk with her frie nd.C. Make payme nt.【解析】 推理判斷題

31、。根據(jù)女士的話(huà)“ but I will have to ask my friend first. ”可知，女士接 下來(lái)要和自己的朋友談一談，故選 B。理解難詞：block啟示：What will the man/woman probably do next 是常見(jiàn)的推理判斷類(lèi)設(shè)問(wèn)方式， 基于 原文的描述作出簡(jiǎn)單推理。Text 10Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at uni versity aga in.The thi ng that I wan ted to te

32、ll you today is this: Educati on is importa nt. When I came to the US, I was onlythi nking about being a carpe nter, but I could not read the n ewspaper. And I could not understand the newson television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered th city college to take English classes for foreig

33、nstudents. I was very proud that I was going to a college because no one in my family ever went to anycollege or to any university. You know, when you re 15 years old in my country, you finish school and thenyou learn a trade. And that exactly what I did. Whe n I was 15 years old, I lear ned how to

34、be a carpe nter. Ayear later, I came to America. Luckily, I met a very good teacher who en couraged me to take some mathclasses, bus in ess classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college stude nt. And today, when look back, I mo happy becauseyou never know where life will take you. A

35、ll of a sudden, I started makingmoney because I was really good at math. You know, how to work out everything with math is so importa nt.This is someth ing that I learned whe n I started my own bus in ess, which is doing really well.17. Who is the speaker probably talk ing to?A. Movie fa ns.B. News reporters.C. College stude nts.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)講述者的話(huà)“ Well, it is really great to be back at un iversity agai n.” 以及后面講述自己如何接受教育、自己的生意