賓語從句講解和練習(xí)

1、賓語從句一、賓語從句的連接詞1、 連詞that ,只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無詞匯意義，在 口 語中常被省略。e.g. He knew (that) he should work hard.2、 連詞if、whether ,它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否” 解，在口語中多用if。e.g. Tom don t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether :在不定式前

2、： Whether to go there or not hasn t been decided.在介詞前：It depends on( 依靠)whether it is going to rain.與 or not 連用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.3、 連接代詞 who, whom, whose, what, which，連接副詞 when, where, why,how ,它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意義。e.g. The teacher asked the new students which class

3、 he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.1、由連接代、副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以和“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化。e.g. I don t know how I should do with the presents. e I don t know how to do with the presents.2、要注意區(qū)分判斷由if、when引導(dǎo)的從句類型。二、賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是陳述語序，即“連接詞 +主語+謂語+其它成分”。特別強(qiáng)調(diào)： 它的主語和謂語的語序是陳述語序，而不是疑問句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Can you tell me who(m) d

4、o we have to see? ( X)Can you tell me who(m) we have to see? ( V)The teacher asked the students what they were doing.( 思考:what 在從旬 中的成分)陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要注意人稱和時態(tài)的變化，語序不變。e.g. She said,Iwill leave a message on the desk. dShe said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句時，也要注意人稱和時態(tài)的變化，后面接陳 述語

5、序。e.g. “Where are the tickets? ”I asked him.aI asked him where thetickets are.三.賓語從句的時態(tài)1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。例句：She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她說她從周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時)She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她說她要在他桌子上留個便條。(從句是一般將來時)2、主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。例句：He said th

6、ere were no classes yesterday afternoon.他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是一般過去時)He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.他說他會去照看這個嬰兒。(從句是過去將來時)3、當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也 用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例句：The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.老師告訴我們世上無難事，只怕有心人。She said(that) her fathe

7、r is twenty-eight years older than her.她說她父親比她大二十八歲He said that light travels much faster than sound.他說光比聲音傳播得快。注意：當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think或believe ,賓語從句要表達(dá)否定時，要把從 旬的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。I dont think he is going to help you with your English.我認(rèn)為他不會幫你學(xué)英語的。這句話不可以翻譯成：I think he isnt going to help you with your English.如果賓語從

8、句有它的補語時，賓語從句用it代替，從句后置。其句型為：主語+ 謂語+ it +補語+賓語從句。I think it necessary that we learn English grammar.四.賓語從句的that在下列情況下一般不省略1 .賓語從句前有插入語。如：We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我們希望他和我們呆在家里。2 .有間接賓語時。如：He told me that he was leaving for Japan.他告訴我他要去日本。3 . that在與之并列的另一個賓語從句之后

9、。如：He said （that） the book was very interesting and that（ 不省略）all the children like to read it.他說那本書很有趣，所有小孩都喜歡讀。4 .在“ it（形式賓語）+補語”之后時。如：I think it necessary that he should stay here.我們認(rèn)為他有必要留在這里。5 . that從句單獨回答問題時。如：What did he hear?他聽說了什么事？- That Kate had passed the exam.（他聽說）凱特考試及格了。6 .在except等介詞后

10、。如：He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了 抽煙太多之外，沒有什么特別的毛病。7 .位于句首時。如：That our team will win, I believe.我相信我們隊會贏。8 .在較為正式或不常用的動詞（如reply, object）后。如：He replied that he disagreed.他回答說他不同意。為我們學(xué)習(xí)英語語法是必要的賓語從句的專項練習(xí)、選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢浮?) 1. What did Mike say? He said A. if you are free the next w

11、eekC. the weather is fine() 2. Tom asked my friend .A. where was he frommoonB. what colour was itD. summer comes after springB. that the earth is bigger than theC. when did he come backD. not to be so angry() 3. Let me tell you .A. how much is the carC. how much did I pay for the carB. how much does

12、 the car costD. how much I spent on the car() 4. Peter knew A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year() 5. Could you tell me ?A. where do you liveC. who were you waiting for() 6. I cant understand the boy alone.A. why she leftC.

13、 why she had left() 7. She told me the sun in the east.A. riseB. roseD. when they will leave for ParisB. who you are waiting forD. where you live inB. why did she leaveD. why had she leftC. risesD. had risen() 8.I dont know up so early last Sunday.A. why did he getB. why he getsC. why does he get D.

14、 why hegot() 9. The manager came up to seeA. what was the matterC. what the matter is() 10. He asked his father .A. where it happensC. how it happened() 11. No one tells us, so weA. how we should doC. how to do it() 12. Could you please teach me _B. what the matter wasD. whats the matterB. where did

15、 it happenD. how did it happen need your help.B. what should we doD. what to do it the computer.A. how checkcheckingB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how() 13.They dont know their parents are.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which()14. Where do you think he the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea.A. /, boughtB. has, bou

16、ghtC. did, buyD. did bought() 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell it would be like in fiveyears.A. how, another B. what, moreC. how, otherD. what,another ()16. Could you tell me? Yes. He to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where is heD. where he gone()17. Mike

17、wants to know if a picnic tomorrow.Yes. But if it, well visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rainB. you will have/ will rainC. you will have/ rainsD. will you have/ rains() 18. I really dont know if she it when sheA. finds/ arrivesB. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arriveD. will find/ arr

18、ives() 19. Miss Liu said she would leave the message on t he headmaster s desk.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what() 20. He asked me .A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held() 21. In t

19、he bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper Who Moved My Cheese wasan interesting book.A. thatB. how() 22. You must remember.A. what your teacher saidC. your teacher said what() 23. I don t know.A. which room I can liveC. which room I can live in() 24.-Do you know when he back?C. whatD. ifB. what did

20、 your teacher sayD. what has your teacher saidB. which room can I liveD. which room can I live in-Sorry, I don t. When he back, I ll tell you.A. comes; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; comesD. will come; will come() 25 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.A. tookB. takeC. takes

21、D. will take() 26. Mary said that she to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never gone C. has never beenD. had neverbeen() 27 The students want to know whether they a PE class today.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. are() 28. Can you tell me you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that() 29 .I dont know they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where() 30. Do you know they listened to yesterday evening?A. whatB. whenC whyDh