小學(xué)英語四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句與特殊疑問句

1、word肯定句、否認(rèn)句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的詳解一、肯定句、否認(rèn)句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句定義1 .肯定句：表示肯定的意思，即不含有否認(rèn)詞“不。我是一個(gè)學(xué)生I am a student.他去上學(xué)He goes to school.2 .否認(rèn)句：表示否認(rèn)的意思。我不是一個(gè)男孩。I am not a boy他不去上學(xué) He does not go to school.3 . 一股疑問句：回答為“是yes或者“否no的問句。你是一個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？ Are you a student?你喜歡英語嗎？ Do you like English?4 .特殊疑問句：回答不是“是yes或者“否no的問句，根據(jù)提問

2、內(nèi)容具體回答 現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？ What' s the time?哪一支筆是你的？ Which is your pen?二、肯定句、否認(rèn)句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換a |有 am, is, are 的旬了節(jié)定句變否認(rèn)句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按順序照抄。*肯定句變一般疑問句：把a(bǔ)m, is, are 提前放到句首并大寫Am, Is, Are,其余照抄 定句變特殊疑問句就劃線局部提問：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部劃線局部不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線局部。1 .肯定句

3、、否認(rèn)句和一般疑問句的互換肯定句：This is a book.否認(rèn)旬： This is not a book.一般疑問句：Isthis a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is.否認(rèn)回答：No, it isn ' t.2 .就劃線局部提問（變特殊疑問句）This is a book.第一步：變一般疑問句Isthis a book?第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞Isthis what ?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線局部。What isthis?沒有 am, is, are 的句子肯定句變否認(rèn)句：在主語后面加上do not或者does not ,其余按

4、順序照抄 動詞用原形肯定句變一般疑問句：在句首加do或者does并大寫，其余照抄。注意：動詞用原形肯定句變特殊疑問句就劃線局部提問：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部 劃線局部不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線局部。1.肯定句、否認(rèn)句和一般疑問句的互換非單三時(shí)用 do, 單三時(shí)用 does非單三句:I like English.Y 一般疑問句：Do you like English?j否認(rèn)句：Ido not like English.單三肯¥句:Heikes English.4 一般疑問句：Does

5、 he like English?i 否認(rèn)句：Hedoes not like English.2.就劃線局部提問（變特殊疑問句）I like English.第一步：先變一般疑問句 Do you like English?第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線局部What do you like?常用特殊疑問詞與詞組:when什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間what date什么日期 間具體日期who誰問人what place什么地點(diǎn)問具體地址whose誰的問主人how怎么樣問情況where在哪里問地點(diǎn)how ol

6、d多大問年齡which哪一個(gè)問選擇how many 多少 問數(shù)量why為什么問原因how much多少 問價(jià)錢what什么問東西how about怎么樣問意見what time什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間how far 多遠(yuǎn)問路程what colour 什么顏色問顏色how long 多長 問時(shí)間what about怎么樣問意見How soon多快，多久問時(shí)間what day星期幾問星期How often多久間頻率.句子的種類類別用法標(biāo)點(diǎn)例句陳述句否認(rèn)表示一件事情或說明說話人的看法.This is a bag.That's my book.I can see a bag over there.I d

7、on't know.疑問句用于提出問題?Are you a student?Do you like puppets?Can you speak English?特殊用于提出問題?What's your name?Where's my bag? How many trees are there?選擇用于提出問題?Is your friend a boy or a girl?用于提出問題?It's a fine day, isn't it?祈使句表小而守或請求、建議.或！Put it here!Look at the noticeboard.感嘆句表示驚訝贊

8、美憤怒等強(qiáng)烈情感!How smart!Glad to see you!What a nice pencil case!特殊：l.some變?yōu)?anyThere are some birds in the tree.fThere aren't any birds in the tree.但是，假如在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some可以不變。Would you like some orange juice?與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如 something, somebody等也要進(jìn)展相應(yīng)變化。2 .and 變?yōu)?orI have a knife and a ruler. fI don'

9、;t have a knife or a ruler.3 .a lot of (=lots of) 變?yōu)?many或 muchThey have a lot of friends. 可數(shù)名詞fThey don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.不可數(shù)名詞fThere isn't much orange in the bottle.4 .already 變?yōu)?yetI have been there already. T haven't been there yet.熟記變特殊疑問句時(shí)，容

10、易判斷錯(cuò)的情況。1、數(shù)詞表示年齡：He is fifty-five. How old is he ?表示時(shí)間：It ' s fifty-five. What ' s the time?表示力口法：Six and two is eight. What ' s six and two?表示價(jià)格： The shirt is thirty yuan.How much is the shirt?表示多少：I have three brothers. How many brothers do you have?2、某某和人表示人名： My name is Gina. What &#

11、39; s your name?表示人： The woman is Gina. Who is the woman ?3、長度和距離表示距離：It ' s five hundred metres away from here. How far is it from here?表示長度：It ' s five hundred metres. How long is it ?4、顏色，東西表示顏色： The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?表示物： They are white sheep. What are they?表示顏色：T

12、hey are white sheep. What color are these sheep?5、名詞所有格和人表示名詞所有格：She' s Lucy ' s sister. Whose sister is she?表示人： She' s Lucy ' s sister. Who is she?練一練1（用特殊疑問詞填空）：1、A:is the boy in blue?B:He' s Mike.2、A: _wallet is it?B:It ' s mine.3、A: _is the diary?B:It ' s under the c

13、hair.4、A: _is the Chirstmas Day?B: It's on the 25 th of December.5、A: _are the earphones?B:They are 25 yuan.6、A: _is the hairdryer?B:It ' s blue.7、A: _is it today?B:It ' s Sunday.8、A: _was it yesterday?B: It was the 13th of October.9、A: _this red one?B:It ' s beautiful.10、A:is it fro

14、m here?B:It ' s about two kilometres away.11、A:B: _Can I have some paper and some crayons?A: I want to make a kite.12、A:one is fatter, the blue one or the red one?B: The blue one.13、A:is your cousin?B: He' s 15 years old.14、A:do you have dinner?B: At 6 o'clock練一1、2、3、4、5、6、7、練一1._2._3._4

15、._一練2:It s a book.（改一疑問句）My father is in the study.（對劃線局部提問）Do you watch TV every Sunday?（做肯定回答This picture is very beautiful.改為以Kick the ball to me!（改為否認(rèn)句）I have a big present. 對劃線局部提問There are some orange trees on the farm.（ 一練3: is this? It' s a rubber. rubbers are there in the pencilbox? is

16、your brother? He' s nine. are they? They are cows.）what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句改為單數(shù)句子）5 .are you? I ' m fine.6 .do you feel? We are happy.7 .is your father? He is a dentist.8.does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.9.are the ducks? They are on the river.10.is his name? He is Martin.11 .new books have yo

17、u got? Five.12 .is the tree? It ' s green.13.coats are these? Mary ' s.14.is on the desk? There is a glass.15.is this book? It ' s very interesting.練一練4對畫線局部提問：1. They bought a new bike yesterday.2. She is a nurse .3. She is my teacher.4. He bought the red one .5. It is my coat .6. I am

18、looking for my sister .7. I get up at six .8. I am from Hubei .9. I went to school late because I got up late.10. It is windy .11. I am getting on well with it.12. My bag is red17 / 1213. The book is Li Huas.14. I like math best.15. They are five yuan .16. I wash it twice a week .17. He will be back

19、 in four days .18. I didn ' t e to class yesterday because I was ill .練一練5:選擇題)19.- Excuse meis the nearest bookshop ?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. where D. who)20.is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How old B. How many C. How much D.

20、 How often)21.are you going? - I'm going to the library.A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where)22. Its a nice car.have you been in it?-Just to Shanghai.A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far)23.? It's eight.A. What day is it B. What's five and threeC. How old are you D. What's your

21、 telephone number)24.A. What's your trouble B. What's wrong with it? - I ' ve got a headache and a cough.C. Can I help you D. How are you)25.tea did you have?Two cups.)26.A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Whichshall we meet in the park?What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. W

22、here D., Which()27.a year does your school have sports meetings?Twice a year.A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times ()28.?The one behind the tree.A. Whose girl B. Who' s that girl C. Which girl D. Where' s the girl()29.are you going to be in the future?I want to be a person-

23、Yang Liwei.A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as ()30.will your father be back?.A How long B how often C How soon D How wide練一練6就劃線局部提問：31. He often has lunch in the factory.he often lunch ?32. They will e back in a month.will they e back?33. He hurt his leg last Sunday.he hurt his l

24、eg?34. I got up at six this morningyou up this morning ?35. They were drawing a horse when I came in .they when I came in ?36. I didn't go to school because I had a bad cold.you go to school ?37. You'd better take the No . 3 bus .bus I better take ?38. He's feeling well he feeling ?39. T

25、he girl in a red coat is my sister.is your sister ?40. He es to China once a year .he to China ?41. He goes to see his grandma （ twice a week ）.（對括號局部提問 ）?42. My father goes to work by car.（改為特殊疑問句 ）?43. It take （ 15 minutes ） for a ferry to cross the river.（對括號局部提問 ）?44. You can dial （ 110 ） to cal

26、l the police.（對括號局部提問 ）can you dial to call the police45. Ted put his bag in the desk .（改為特殊疑問句）Ted in the desk?46. The students （ went camping ） last week.（對括號局部提問）?47. Diogenes came from （ Greece ）.（對括號局部提問） Diogenes?對括號局部提問）48. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise).( the wa

27、y to?對括號局部提問）49. We landed (on an unexplored planet ).( you land ?練一練7單項(xiàng)選擇題：()1. How areyou ? A.Fine,thanks.B.Yes,itis.C.How are you ?()2. Nice to meetyou !A.Fine,thankyou. B.OK.C.Nice to meet you ,too !()3. How do you go toschool ?A.I go to Canada by plane. B.I go to schoolby bike. C.What about you

28、 ?()4. How do you go to theUSA ?A.I usually go to school by bus. B.I goto England by ship. C.I go byplane.()5.? My home is near thepost office.A. Where is your home ? B.OK.C.See you then!()6. See you at 2 o 'clock. A.See you then !B.The fifth floor.' seasy.()7.?' s not far.B. How canI get to Zhongshan Park ?C.Sure.()8. Where is thehospital?A.Next to the cinema.B.Thankyou .' re wele.()9. Excuse me ,is there a cinema nearhere ? A.Yes,there is .B.No,it ' s notfar.s near the postoffice.()10.