現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時比較

1、實用標準文案現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比較及練習(xí)（現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時）現(xiàn)在完成時一、現(xiàn)在完成時的意義及其構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存 在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：have （has） +±去分詞二、通常使用現(xiàn)在完成時的幾種情況：1、表示過去發(fā)生的事對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy（Justin 在過去失蹤，但 Kelly至今仍舊為他的失蹤感到不高興） 2、表示過去開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。I haven t seen J

2、ustin since last Friday night （從上周五晚上到現(xiàn)在一直都沒有見 到過3、表示動作的確切時間不明確或不重要。The boy has already come home （男孩已經(jīng)回家，但沒有指出何時回家 ）4、表示剛結(jié)束的動作。The police have just finished searching the are a （警方剛結(jié)束對該地區(qū)的搜查） 5、表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many tim制民們曾多次看到 UFO） 三、常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語1、表示過去的事或動作對現(xiàn)

3、在有影響，動作的時間不明確、不重要或動作剛結(jié) 束，一般可用already（用于肯定句或疑問句卜yet（用于否定句或疑問句卜ever、 just、recently、lately never等。除此之外，before也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。The boy has already come home 男孩已經(jīng)來家了。I haven't heard anything from him yet/ recently/ lately.近來，我沒收到他的任何信件。The police have just finished searching the ar eaiF 方已經(jīng)結(jié)束對這個地區(qū)的搜查。I'

4、ve met the old man somewhere before 我以前在某個地方見過那位老人。2、表示動作從過去開始，并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，一般可用for/since短語或由since 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。在介詞for后一般跟表示一段時間的短語，在 since后一 般跟表示某個時間的短語，或表示過去時間的狀語從句。We haven't seen him for two years/since 2002.我兩年沒見到他了 /自從 2002年 以來就沒見過他。We haven't seen him since he left Nanjing自從他離開南京我們就一直沒見到過 他。

5、3、表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，一般可用數(shù)詞 +times、recently和lately等。Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times/ recently/late ly 一些村民說他們多次/近來看到飛碟。四、用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型：1） It is the first / second time.that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時。如果主句 是過去時，從何相應(yīng)地改為過去完成時。例如：It is the first time that I have visited the city.這是我第一次參觀這座城市。It was the t

6、hird time that the boy had been late 這是男孩第三次遲到了。2） sb./ sth. + be +形容詞最高級+ that咚構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。如果主句 是過去時，從句相應(yīng)地改為過去完成時。例如：This is the best film that I've （ever） seen.這是我看過的電影中最好的一部。You are the most creative man that I have ever me咻是我遇至U過的人中最有倉造 性的一位。3） since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。例如：It has

7、been/ is a long time since I last came to the city自從我上次到城里來，已經(jīng) 有好長一段時間了。I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twenty years ago, and I have been there ever sin峨是在那個學(xué)校開始我的教書生涯。那是二十多年前的 事了，從那時起我一直就在那兒。注意：非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時間的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生 的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯）I have received his letter f

8、or a month.（對）I received this letter a month ago.（對）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.比較 since和for用法舉 例since說明動作起始時間I have lived here since I was born.自從出生以來直住這兒。for說明動作延續(xù)時間長度I have lived here for more than 20 years.我已經(jīng)住這兒20多年了。般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時息義過去發(fā)生的動作或單純敘 述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作過去發(fā)生的

9、事情對現(xiàn)在 的影響，強調(diào)的是影響。構(gòu)成didhave/ has done常 用時 問yesterday, last week, -ago, n1980, in October, just now 等具體的時間狀語for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, up to now, in the past/ last years 等/、確定的時間狀語狀 語動come, go, leave, start, die,live, teach, learn, wait, read, work, study, know,詞finish, become, get ma

10、rried,stay, be away/in , stay, talk, paint, hav繇延續(xù)性動特move, join等非持續(xù)性動詞詞征注意：由when, where等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，較少使用現(xiàn)在完成時，常用一般過去時?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時一、現(xiàn)在完成進行時的意義及其構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示某一動作在過去開始發(fā)生，已經(jīng)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還將持 續(xù)，或剛剛停止。其構(gòu)成：have （has） +been + doingI have been learning English for three years.學(xué)英語這個動作從三年前開始持續(xù)至U 現(xiàn)在，還將繼續(xù)學(xué)）I have been waitin

11、g three hours for you.等待從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，剛剛 結(jié)束）二、通常使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時的兩種情況：1表示過去開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并仍在繼續(xù)之中。I have not been sleeping well since I returned home （ “我” 回家后一直者B沒有睡 好，現(xiàn)在也沒有睡好）2表示過去開始的動作剛結(jié)束并在某種情況下與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián)。Kelly : Sorry I'm late. Have you been waiting long?凱利剛到，對方雖然不再等 了，但已一直等到現(xiàn)在）Sally: Yes. I have been wai

12、ting for an hour現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時皆可表示動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，但前者所表示的結(jié)果是直接的，而后者所表示的則是最后的結(jié)果。如：We have been cleaning the classroom 我們打掃教室來著。其直接結(jié)果可能是：我們身上都是灰。表示教室剛剛打掃過。We have cleaned the classroom我們把教室打掃過了。其結(jié)果是：現(xiàn)在教室很清以用了。表示教室可能是昨天打掃的?，F(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時意義表小事件或動件剛結(jié)束強調(diào)動作仍在繼續(xù)構(gòu)成have （has）以去分詞have (has) +been + doi

13、ng提問 力式表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，提問時用 how many times表示持續(xù)的、不間斷的動作，提問時用how long謂語用表示狀態(tài)或動作的動詞做謂語只能用表示動作的動詞做謂語注意：現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中可以用像 never、yet、already和ever這樣 的詞，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子中則不可以用這樣的詞。Helen has read a book about Stonehenge.（表示海倫已經(jīng)讀完了）Helen has been reading a book about Stonehenge.樂海倫仍在讀）How many times have you visited Egypt t

14、his month?1 have visited Egypt twice this month.（現(xiàn)在完成時在這一組對話當(dāng)中表示被問者過去往返于埃及和居住地，但現(xiàn)已經(jīng) 回來）How long have you been touring Egypt ?I have been touring Egypt for two months.（現(xiàn)在完成進行時在這一組對話中表示被問者過去一段時間內(nèi)一直呆在埃及，沒 有離開過）I have had this camera for five years （had是表示 “擁有” 狀態(tài)的動詞 ）I have taken photos of UFOs with th

15、is camera. （taken!表示動彳的動詞）I have been taking photos of UFOs with this camera. （taking!表示動彳的動詞 ）I' ve never visited Paris.我從未參觀過巴黎。I've already been to Paris.我已經(jīng)去過巴黎了。.選擇填空1. Mike: have you learned something unexplained before?John: Yes, I a research on an unexplained fact 6 years ago in my h

16、ometown.A. make B. made C. have been making D. have made2. Mr. White works as a lawyer now, but he as an actor for several years.A. worked B. has worked C. had worked D. had been worked3. Now that you a famous mountain climber, what are you going to do?A. have been B. are C. were D. had been4. Miss.

17、 Zhang: I am almost tired out.Miss. Huang: So you are. You on the documents all day.A. are working B. have worked C. were working D. have been working5. Tom: I here three days ago.Andy: What these days?A. got; did you do B. have got; have you doneC. had got; will you do D. got; have you been doing6.

18、 Annie: I' m sorry to keep you waiting.Michael: Oh, not at all. I here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be7. You don' t need to describe her. I her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet8. Ted: I came to Canada last autumn. What about you, Jim?Jim: I he

19、re for about half a year, and I miss my family very much.A. come B. came C. have come D. have been9. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1934) the world leading inventor for about sixty years.A. would be B. has been C. was D. had been10. Billy: the sport meeting might be put off.Paul: Ye

20、s, it all depends on the weather.A. I' ve been told B. I' ve told C. I' m told D. I told11. Johnson: What bad luck that we the football match in the last 3 minutes.Thomas: Especially when we so hard in the past years.A. had lost; trained B. were losing; had rainedC. have lost; have train

21、ed D. lost; have been training12. Melissa: Hi, Mary. It' s nice hearing from you.Mary: I coming to visit you but too much work prevents me from doing so.A. had thought of B. thought ofC. have been thinking of D. have thought of13. Tom: Miss Jones music at Eton School for ten years.Sarah: No wond

22、er I often hear her singing in her garden.A. teachers B. used to teach C. is teaching D. has been teaching14. Tracy: I think the waitress must have forgotten us. we here for over half an hour and nobody our order yet.John: I suppose you are right.A. have been waiting; has takenB. have been waiting;

23、tookC. have been waited; has takenD. have waited; took15. The students don t want to have their supper until they their experiment.A. finished B. have finished C. had finished D. will finish16. I play ping-pong quite well, but I time to play since the new year.A. haven' t B. don' t have C. h

24、aven t had D. don' t have had17. By now students in Grade One1,700 English words and phrases.A. should learn B. have learnedC. learned D. learn18. I my history this time yesterday. Now I all my work for today.A. reviewed; had done B. was reviewing; had doneC. was reviewing; have done D. reviewed

25、; have done19. I unexplained things recently and I even some writing.A. have been researching; have started B. have researched; had startedC. have been researching; have been starting D. have been researched; have started20. Tom: Where have you been? I you the whole day.Kate: I was in the library re

26、ading magazines.A. have been telephoning B. had telephonedC. telephonedD. was telephoned21. The boss yet when and where to take her paid holiday.A. has decided B. didH t decide C. hash t decided D. hadn' t decided22. Jane: How are you today?Ben: Oh, I this ill in a long time.A. didn' t feel

27、B. wasn' t feeling C. don' t feel D. haven' t felt23. Shirley a book about China last year but I do nt know whether she has finished it.A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing24. Peter: Hi, Tracy, you look tried.Tracy: I am tired. I the living room all day.A. painted B. had

28、 painted C. have been painting D. have painted25. I don' t really work here. I until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just help outC. am just helping out D. will just help out26. The price , but I am not sure whether it will go up again tomorrow.A. went down B. will go down C.

29、has gone down D. was going down27. I wonder why Jenny us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn' t written B. doesn' t write C. won' t writeD. hadn' t written28. The high building is reported to down last month.A. be torn B. have been torn C. tear D. have torn29. - Wh

30、o is Jerry Cooper?-? I saw you shaking hands with hem at the meeting.A. Don' t you meet him yetB. Didn' t you meet him yetC. Haven' t you met him yetD. Hadn' t you met him yet30. I my washing machine the whole morning. I must get t done before noon.A. have repaired B. am repairing C. will repairD. have been repairing31. I got frightened in the earthquake not long ago. Iwell since then.A. haven' t been sleepingB. haven t sleep C. didn' t sleep D. don' t sleep32. Experts for Yetis in the Himalayas