高三復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)精講精練Word版

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)中主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)英語中主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式并不都表示主動(dòng)意義，有時(shí)可表示被動(dòng)意義，因?yàn)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)不如主動(dòng)語態(tài)用得普遍，在不引起誤解的情況下，可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義。常見的有以下幾種情況。 一、某些表示狀態(tài)特征的系動(dòng)詞，例如：look, sound, smell, taste 等感官動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布料摸起來很軟。二、表示某些“需要、要求”意義的動(dòng)詞，例如：need, want, require 等后的動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例如：The bike needs mending. 這輛自

2、行車需要修理。三、形容詞worth后接的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例如：The book is well worth reading. 這本書很值得讀。 四、作表語的形容詞，例如：difficult, easy, hard, nice, possible, impossible, fit 等之后的不定式作狀語時(shí)，用主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。此時(shí)，不定式表示的動(dòng)作與其主語一般為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。例如：The maths problem is not easy to work out. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題不容易解。五、某些動(dòng)詞，例如：lock, open, sell, wash, measure, wei

3、gh 等，特別是與副詞 badly, easily, well等連用時(shí)，常常用主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例如：The door wont lock. 這門鎖不上。His book sells well. 他的書很暢銷。The street measures twenty metres wide. 街道寬 20 米。六、不定式作定語，與被修飾動(dòng)詞的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)意義。例如：I have lots of homework to do today. 今天我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。一、觀察下面句子，完成下表。1. Colorful posters were printed in San

4、Francisco in the 1960s to publicize rock shows. 2. Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves.   3. After war, everything had been destroyed.   4. A greater number of magic English books will be published next year.5. He said that the meeting would be held next week.

5、6. New nature parks are not being started in China.7. A new Hope School will be opened in our village.   8. Computer was being majored by him during his college.9. Many accidents were caused by careless driving.  10. We were shocked by the news

6、of his death.   11. He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.12. The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received.13. I was shown round the school campus by Sean，who had entered the school just a year before. 14. Youve been told many times

7、 not to make the same mistake. 15. Everybody is expected to obey the following rules.   16. The control room may not be entered without permission.  17. The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colors of light.  18. The west

8、-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nations west development campaign.  19. He was born in this city.   20. The school is situated in the suburbs.   表一：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法基本功能及特點(diǎn)：句子序號1. 不知道或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3. 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無生命的事物時(shí)

9、使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4. 修辭的需要，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)可以使句子更加簡練、勻稱。5. 為了表示委婉或禮貌，避免提及動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或說話者自己時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6. 科技文獻(xiàn)中為了客觀地描述事情及其過程時(shí)應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。7. 在新聞報(bào)道中使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)可以體現(xiàn)新聞的客觀性。8. 有些動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。表二：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子序號1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 一般過去時(shí)3. 一般將來時(shí)4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)7. 過去完成時(shí)8. 過去將來時(shí)9. 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)總結(jié)：根據(jù)以上的例句，可以總結(jié)出被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be + 請?jiān)俑鶕?jù)上面的例句完成下表中的句子：時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成

10、主語謂語狀語助動(dòng)詞be過去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)The workdoneevery day.一般過去時(shí)yesterday.一般將來時(shí)next month.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)now.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)at 5 yesterday.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)since you left.過去完成時(shí)before you came.過去將來時(shí)the next day.鞏固練習(xí)完成句子。1. 這輛自行車是買給我做生日禮物的。This bike to me for my birthday gift.2. 這條鐵路建于1998年。已經(jīng)投入使用10多年了。This railway in 1998. It _ use 10 years.3. 我們在這

11、里所講的話，人們不會(huì)長久記住。然而我們在這兒所做的事，卻能改變世界。What we say here long , but what we do here can change the world.4. 水能從液體變成固體。Water from a liquid into a solid.5. 現(xiàn)在我們只能利用一小部分太陽能。Only a small portion of solar energy now .高考鏈接1. Hi. Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?   Sorry. _. (2

12、009 江蘇) A. Its repaired          B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired       D. It had been repaired2. Why does the lake smell terrible? (2009 福建)Because large quantities of water_ A. have polluted 

13、;   B. is being polluted C. has been polluted    D. have been polluted3. His sister left home in 1998, and_ since. (2009 全國I)A. had not heard of            B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of   &#

14、160;     D. has not heard of4. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (2008 北京) A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made5. As the years passed, many occasionsbirthdays, awards, graduations_ with Dads flowers. (

15、2007 湖南) A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked 二、使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)的主意事項(xiàng)。觀察下面句子，完成下表。1. The war broke out in 1937.2. The story took place in China . 3. The car drove away from them and disappeared. 4. After the fire, very little of my house remained. 5. That suit cost over 60 dollars. 6. Yo

16、ur story agrees with what had already been heard.7. The house belongs to my parents.8. Do you like the material?Yes, it felt very soft.9. The old man remained weak.10. Good medicine tastes bitter.11. The boy got hurt on his way to school.12. These cleaners got paid by the month.13. They were made to

17、 work twelve hours every day.14. The wine is in the fridgeit just wants cooling for a couple of minutes.15. These baskets sell well.16. It's worth remembering that prices go up on February 1st.17. A health care project is reported to provide treatment at half the cost or less next year, dependin

18、g on the needs of the patient.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊情況句子序號1. 不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況1）有些不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語2）不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語3）系動(dòng)詞4）動(dòng)詞want, need, require 后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式5）有些不及物動(dòng)詞表示主語的某些屬性時(shí)，有時(shí)和easily, well 等副詞連用。6）形容詞 worth 后直接加動(dòng)名詞時(shí)2. get+過去分詞“get+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示被動(dòng)3. 主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)具有不同形式的補(bǔ)語。英語中，有些動(dòng)詞接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但是當(dāng)它們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要把to加上去。4. 一些特殊的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示“據(jù)說”

19、或“相信”的詞組，鞏固練習(xí)完成句子。1) 這首歌曲聽起來很悅耳。This song great.2) 這門關(guān)不上。The door wont . 3) 這戲不宜上演。The play wont . 4) 在他回家路上，遇到了一場大雨。 He got the heavy rain on his way home. 5) 只要你覺得某事值得去做，就一定要把它做好。What is is worth well.高考鏈接1) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world reco

20、rd in the 110-meter hurdle race. (2007 遼寧)A. breaking B. having broken C. to have brokenD. break 2) The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ to arrive. (2008 全國I)A. is expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. will be expected3) In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make

21、a profit. (2008 上海)A. have runB. have been runC. had been runD. will run4) I got caught in the rain and my suit _. (2007 北京)A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined5) Would you please keep silent? The weather report and _I want to listen. (2009 湖南)A. is broadcast B. is being

22、 broadcastC. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast三、練習(xí)1. It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days.A. designed B. has been designed C. will be designed D. will have been designed2. We are late. I expect the film _by the time we get to the cinema.A. will already have started B. would alrea

23、dy have startedC. shall have already started D. has already been started3. She will stop showing off if no notice_ of her. A. is taken B. takes C. will be taken D. has taken4. Diamond _in Brazil in 1971.A. is found B. has been foundC. was found D. had been found5. Have you moved to the new flat?Not

24、yet. The room_.A. has been painted B. is paintedC. paints D. is being painted6. My pictures _until next Friday.A. wont develop B. arent developedC. dont develop D. wont be developed7. Tim _since he lost his job three weeks ago.A had been unemployed B was unemployedC has been unemployed D has unemplo

25、yed8. A great number of colleges and universities _since 1949.A. has been establish B have been established C have established D had been established9. I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we _if we leave it here.A would be fined B will be fined C will being fined D will hav

26、e been fined10. “_two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”A They have been given B I have been given C I am given D They have given to me11. Look! Everything here is under construction.  What's the pretty small house that _ for? 

27、A. is being builtB. has been builtC. is builtD. is building  12. Do you like the material?  Yes, it _ very soft.  A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt  13. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese.   A. writeB. to writeC. to be writtenD. written  14. I have no more letters _, thank you.     A. to typeB. typingC. to be typ