高三動詞短語練講Word版

1、動詞及動詞短語動詞是英語中最靈活、最難掌握的詞，在歷年高考題中動詞所占比例最大。設(shè)題時給出四個不同的動詞或短語來測試考生在具體語境中對動詞及其短語意義的理解和運用能力。主要出現(xiàn)在單項選擇及完形填空中。根據(jù)意義和句法作用，英語動詞可分為四類（一）實義動詞1.按性質(zhì)分實義動詞又分成及物動詞和不及物動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)，在句中獨立做謂語。及物動詞后須跟賓語；不及物動詞不跟賓語。例：What did you think of her speech?She _for one hour but didnt _ much.A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say C. said; spea

2、k D. said; say2.按時限分實義動詞又分成延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞（短暫性動詞）延續(xù)性動詞動作可以延續(xù)，可以與一段時間連用。如：live, study, work, stay, keep, have等。非延續(xù)性動詞（短暫性動詞）動作瞬間完成，不能與一段時間連用。如：finish, come, open, bring, buy等。例：The evening news comes on at seven o clock and _ only thirty minutes.A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts（二）連系動詞連系動詞可以細分為

3、以下幾類1.表示“是”的be動詞，根據(jù)主語有各種形式；2.表示“感覺”的連系動詞。如：look, feel, smell, taste, sound等；3.表示“變得、變成”的連系動詞。如become, turn, get, grow, go, fall, come等；4.表示“結(jié)果”的連系動詞。如turn out, prove等；5.表示“仍然”的連系動詞。如remain, stand, stay, keep等；6.表示“似乎、好像”的連系動詞。如seem, appear, look等。注意：絕大多數(shù)連系動詞又是實義動詞，在解題時要正確區(qū)分,否則就會出錯。請看下列這道選擇題： good, t

4、he food has been sold out.A. Tasted B. Having been Tasted C. Tasting D. To taste（三）助動詞本身無詞義，不能獨立作謂語。用來表示否定，疑問，時態(tài)等語法形式。助動詞（與動詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語），常見的有：be(am, is, are, was, were),do(does, did), have(has/had), will, would, shall, should等。（四）情態(tài)動詞動詞+副詞所構(gòu)成的短語動詞分及物的和不及物的兩類Please turn off every light in the house.

5、 （及物）Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.（不及物）注意：如果賓語較長，就應(yīng)避免把副詞同動詞分開She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 如果賓語是人稱代詞，只能放在動詞和副詞之間。She gave them away.同一動詞和不同副詞搭配時，意義上有很大的差異。break out爆發(fā) break up打碎；分解 break down出毛病；拋錨；分解；崩潰Dont be so discouraged. If yousuch feelings, yo

6、u will do better next time.A. carry onB. get backC. break down D. put awayI was still sleeping when the fire _,and then it spread quickly.A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out2.動詞+介詞所構(gòu)成的短語動詞相當(dāng)于及物動詞Im looking for my glasses.注意：當(dāng)它跟賓語時，不能把介詞放在賓語后面。同一動詞和不同介詞搭配時，意義上有很大的差異。look after照料，look at看，考

7、慮，look for尋找Once a decision has been made，all of us should _it.A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer toIts the present situation in poor areas that _much higher spending on education and training.A. answers forB. provides forC. calls forD. plans for3.動詞+副詞/名詞/反身代詞+介詞所構(gòu)成的短語動詞相當(dāng)于及物動詞I dont _roc

8、k n roll. Its much too noisy for my taste.A. go after B. go away withC. go intoD. go in forWhy do we have to _Joans selfish behavior? She should learn to care for others.A. keep up with B. catch up with C. put up with D. come up withYou cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm.A. w

9、alkedB. walk C. to walkD. walking近幾年高考重點考查的動詞短語8 / 81.以a開頭的動詞為中心的詞組accuseof(=charge with)控告/指控某人犯有罪add to 增添add up 加起來add up to 加起來達,合計達adaptto使適應(yīng)adjustto使適應(yīng)agree with同意某人意見（接sb.或idea, view等）；適應(yīng)；與一致agree to (ones plan/ proposal) 同意某人的計劃或提議answer for對負責(zé)apply for申請，請求appeal for懇求，呼吁attachto將系在.，使隸屬/附屬

10、于，將縛在approve of贊成apologize to sb for sth因向某人道歉be absorbed in埋頭于，專心于be accustomed to(=get used to=be used to)習(xí)慣于be addicted to沉迷于/沉溺于，迷戀be admitted to/into獲準進入，被錄取be annoyed with sb. at/about sth2.以break為中心的詞組break away from脫離，逃離，打破break down vt.破壞,粉碎,瓦解；vi.出故障，拋錨；衰弱break in闖進，打斷；使順服break into闖入；強行進入

11、；突然開始break out爆發(fā)，發(fā)生；準備使用；起錨break off 打斷，斷絕，折斷，突然終止break through 突破，克服，擠過去break up vt.開墾，破碎；解散，分解;vi.結(jié)束3.以build為中心的詞組build on / upon 建立在上，依賴，指望build up 增加，增進，建成，振興4.以burst為中心的詞組burst forth 爆發(fā)，噴出，忽然出現(xiàn)burst in 闖進，突然出現(xiàn)burst into闖進，突然起來，突然發(fā)出burst into tears/laughter嚎啕大哭/放聲大笑burst out 迸發(fā)，爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)出，大聲叫喊burst

12、 out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放聲大笑5.以 bring為中心的詞組bring about導(dǎo)致，引起，促使bring back 帶回，使回憶，使恢復(fù)bring down 使下降，濃縮，收縮，擊落bring forth開（花）,結(jié)（果），發(fā)表，提出bring forward 提出bring into action 使行動起來，使生效bring into effect/practice 完成，實現(xiàn)，實施，bring out 拿出，公布，發(fā)表，出版，生產(chǎn)bring through 治愈，使度過困難/危險時期bring to mind 使想起，回憶起bring up 撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育

13、，培養(yǎng)，使停止6.以call為中心的詞組call at 訪問（某地），停泊在call away 叫走，把（注意力）轉(zhuǎn)移開call for 需要，要求，接（某人），call in 召集，收集，請入，引入call off 取消，下令停止call on 拜訪（某人），號召call out 大聲喊，喚起call up 打電話給; 召集; 使想起7.以carry為中心的詞組carry about 隨身攜帶carry away 沖走，帶走，沖昏某人頭腦carry back 拿回，運回，使想起carryinto effect/practice 執(zhí)行,實現(xiàn),完成carry off 帶走，奪去的生命，獲得（獎品

14、）carry on 堅持，繼續(xù)，進行carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行，實施，完成carry through 堅持到底，貫徹，完成8.以catch為中心的詞組be caught doing被發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事be caught in the rain淋雨catch /take fire 著火be caught in the traffic遭遇交通阻塞catch onesword聽懂某人的話catch sight of發(fā)現(xiàn)，瞥見catch sbs attention引起某人注意catch the point of 抓住的要點9.以clear為中心的詞組clear away 掃除，消除clear off 清除

15、，清理，（云霧）消散，（雨）停clear out 清除，掃出clear up（天）變晴；打掃，消除10.以come為中心的詞組come aboutvi.發(fā)生，改變方向come across偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn)，想起；越過；償付come at達到，求得，得到；撲向，襲擊come back回來；恢復(fù)，復(fù)原come down倒下；降落；跌落；病倒come into being發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，形成come into power開始執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)，當(dāng)選come into effect/ force開始生效，開始實行come into existence形成，產(chǎn)生，開始存在come into fashion開始流行co

16、me into operation開始運轉(zhuǎn)，實施，生效come into use開始使用，獲得應(yīng)用come round/around 拜訪，繞道come to蘇醒,復(fù)原,共計,達到,歸結(jié)于,漸漸，說到/提及到come to an agreement 達成協(xié)議come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論come to a decision 作出決定come to an end終止，結(jié)束come to a stop 結(jié)束，停止，停頓，come to an understanding 取得諒解when it comes to就而論，談到come to know/realize/understa

17、nd開始了解到/意識到/明白come to life 蘇醒，栩栩如生come to light 明朗化，出現(xiàn)，顯露出來come to oneself蘇醒come true實現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實；證實come up走近；上樓；流行起來；發(fā)芽,上來；（問題）被提出；（風(fēng)浪）猛烈起來11.以compare為中心的詞組be compared to 被比作，與相比be compared with與相比beyond /without compare無法比較compare notes with和交換意見/核對筆記compare to把.比作，把與相比compare with把與相比12.以devote為中心的詞組b

18、e devoted to 貢獻給，致力于devote ones attention to 專心于devote oneself/ones life to 獻身于，致力于devote to獻身于，專心于13.以divide為中心的詞組be divided by被除be divided on對于有分歧divide sth. among / between在之間分配divide A from B 把A同B分開divideinto 把分成divide up 分割，瓜分，劃分，分配14.以die為中心的詞組die away漸熄(減弱,消失) 側(cè)重于減弱直至“消失”（尤其指聲音，光，風(fēng)）die down漸漸

19、消失,平息（尤其指火勢，大海，脾氣）die of 死于（疾病、饑餓、寒冷、情感等內(nèi)因）die from 死于（災(zāi)害、事故等外因）die off死去die out 滅絕，消失，熄滅15.以do為中心的詞組do a good deed做一件好事do the deed 付諸行動，生效do away with去掉，廢除；弄死；浪費do /cause damage to 損害do good to (=do sb. good)有益于do harm to (=do sb. harm)有害于do wrong to (=do sb. wrong)冤枉某人do ones best / utmost盡某人最大努力d

20、o sb. a favor /do a favor for sb. 幫助某人do up 捆，扎，系，扣，收拾，刷新do with忍受，處理（對比：deal with）do without不需要也行，不用16.以 drive為中心的詞組drive away vi.開車走掉 vt.趕走，驅(qū)趕drive off 驅(qū)散drive out 逐出，乘車出去drive through 乘車穿過（街道等）drive sb.mad 使某人發(fā)瘋17.以fall為中心的詞組fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡著/沉默fall back撤退，后退fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面fal

21、l down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失敗fall in love with愛上（某人）fall into a habit of 養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣fall off 掉下，衰退，減少fall to pieces 破碎，崩潰，瓦解fall into ruins 成為廢墟18.以fix為中心的詞組fix a date / time for為安排日期/時間fix up 修理，安裝，安排，建造，提供fix on / upon 確定，決定fix ones eyes on/upon 注視，凝視fix ones attention on/upon專心于,把注意力集中在19.以get為中心的詞組get about徘徊，

22、走動，旅行；流傳get accustomed to習(xí)慣于，對習(xí)以為常get across度過，通過，橫過；說服，使被理解get ahead of勝過，超過get along前進，進步；同意；離去，相處get along with與相處get around 走動，傳播，影響，說服get away離開，逃脫，出發(fā)，開始度假get back取回，回來；報復(fù)get close to 接近，靠近get down to認真對待，靜下心來get/catch/seize/take hold of獲得，取得，抓住get in touch with與取得了解get into/out of debt 欠債/不欠債g

23、et off送走；脫下（衣服）；下車；動身get over越過；恢復(fù)，痊愈；克服；完成get rid of除去，去掉；免除，擺脫get through撥通，到達，完成，通過；及格get together 積聚，積累；商談，取得一致意見20.以give為中心的詞組give away贈送；犧牲；泄露；頒發(fā)give back歸還，反射give forth發(fā)出，放出；發(fā)表give in屈服，讓步，投降give off發(fā)出（煙，氣味）give out vt.分發(fā),公布,發(fā)出,使筋疲力盡 vi.用完give rise to引起，導(dǎo)致；使發(fā)生give up放棄；停止give way to讓步，退卻；屈服于g

24、iven that假定，給定，已知21.以go為中心的詞組go about走來走去，（謠言等）流傳go across 度過，越過go after 追逐，追求，跟隨go against 反對，不利于go ahead 前進，進展，繼續(xù)go all about 鼓足干勁，全力以赴go along with 陪伴，和一道走go back to 追溯至go bad 變壞，腐敗go beyond 超過，勝過go by 經(jīng)過，過去go down 下降，沉沒，垮臺，（風(fēng)等）平靜go for 支持，贊成，適用于，去（取，拿）go in for 喜歡,參加，贊成，從事, 為而努力go into 進入，參加，調(diào)查，

25、從事，深入研究go off 走開，爆炸go on 繼續(xù)，接下去go on to do 接著做（另一件事）go on doing 繼續(xù)做（同一件事）go on with繼續(xù)做，忍受go out 出去，熄滅，離開，下臺，退休go over 溫習(xí)，檢查，越過go through 審查，履行，通過，經(jīng)歷，忍受go up 上升，上漲，攀登go without 無需，沒有也行g(shù)o wrong 出故障，走錯路22.以hold為中心的詞組hold back 隱瞞，阻止，克制，扣留hold to / by 堅持，固守hold down 壓制，壓低，縮減hold off 耽擱，不接近，離開hold out 伸出，

26、提出，支持，主張hold up 舉起，豎起，支持，使停滯hold with 和意見一致，贊成23.以keep為中心的詞組keep away (from) 不接近，避開，遠離keep back 阻止，扣留，隱瞞keep company with和結(jié)交keep from阻止keep in mind 記住keep in touch with與保持了解/不斷接觸keep off 不接近，遠離keep on doing 繼續(xù)，不停地做keep ones balance 保持平衡keep out 使不入內(nèi)keep pace with跟上，同步調(diào)一致keep up 繼續(xù)，堅持，保持，維持keep up wi

27、th趕上，跟上 ，與并肩前進keep watch 守望，值班，注意24.以lay為中心的詞組lay aside 把.放在一邊，拋棄，貯藏lay down 放下，使躺下，放棄，犧牲lay off （暫時）解雇，放棄，停止lay out 花費，投資，不置，打昏25.以leave為中心的詞組leave about亂放，亂丟leave alone 聽任，任其自然leaveas it is.聽其自然leave behind 留下，忘記攜帶leave for （離開某地）去某地leave out 省去，遺漏，不把計算在內(nèi)leave off 停止，脫去，戒除leave office 離職，下臺leave o

28、ver 留下，剩下，延期leave room for 為讓出地方leave school 畢業(yè)leave sth, to / with sb把交給/留給某人.leave sb, sth. 把交給/留給某人leave word / a message 留言，留信26.以look為中心的詞組look about四下環(huán)顧；查看look after照顧，看管look around東張西望look back on / upon 回顧look down on /upon俯視；輕視look forward to盼望，期待look into窺視；調(diào)查；瀏覽look on /upon旁觀；面向look on /

29、 upon as把看作look out向外看；注意；當(dāng)心，提防look over從上面看過去；檢查，忽略look through透過看去；看穿；瀏覽，徹底調(diào)查look to 面向，注意look up 查閱，仰視，漲價look up to仰望，尊敬27.以make為中心的詞組be made from由原料制成be made (out) of由材料制成be made up of由組成make an appointment with sb.與約定make a difference 有差別，有關(guān)系，很重要make a fool of愚弄，欺騙make a point 闡述觀點make a point

30、of doing強調(diào)；決心，堅持make a will 立下遺囑make advantages/use of使用，利用make believe假裝make certain / sure確信，把弄清楚make contact with 接通，與接觸，與了解make for去向，向前進；有利于make oneself at home隨便，別拘束make oneself understood 讓別人理解自己make out填寫；開支票；理解；辨認make preparations for為作準備make the best/ most of盡量利用；極為重視make up彌補,修理,賠償,起草,編造,

31、化裝,配制,占比例make up to 接近，巴結(jié)；向求愛make way for 為讓路，讓路于make it 就這么定了，成功，達到某一特定目標, 趕到。28.以meet為中心的詞組meet the need/demand/requirement of滿足需要meet with 偶然碰見，遭受，meetby chance/accident偶然碰見make ends meet 使收支相抵29.以owe為中心的詞組owe to把歸功于，把歸因于，owe much to 多虧了，在很大程度上歸功于owe it tothat歸功于，幸虧owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)

32、欠某人30.以pass為中心的詞組pass away 去世，（時間）過去pass by 經(jīng)過，（時間）過去pass on/upon 傳遞，通過pass out of ones mind 被人忘掉pass over 忽視，置之不理pass through 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)過，貫穿31.以pick為中心的詞組pick ones words精選用詞pick out 挑出，辨別出pick up 接(某人),接收，獲得，搭載，收拾，恢復(fù)，爬起，撿起，學(xué)會，認識 pick up with結(jié)識，與交朋友32.以put為中心的詞組put aside 把放在一邊；擱置；排除put away 把放好，把收拾；儲藏；put

33、 back 把放回原處；撥回put down 放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；記下；削減；降落put an end to 結(jié)束，終止，廢除put forward 提出；撥快；建議，推薦；提倡，put in 駛?cè)?，進入put(down) in writing 把寫下來 put into把放入；插入；翻譯成putinto use應(yīng)用putinto practice把付諸于實踐putinto action把付諸于實踐，使生效putinto effect把.付諸于實踐，實施，使生效putinto operation 將投入生產(chǎn)，實施putinto production將投產(chǎn)，開始生產(chǎn)put off 推遲，延期；消除；推脫

34、，脫下 put on上演,穿上,戴上,增加,撥快(鐘表),推薦put ones heart into 全神貫注，專心致志put out 熄滅，伸出，拿出，制造，刺殺put through 完成，（電話用語）撥通，使穿過put up 舉起，掛起；提名，推薦；陳列put up with 忍受，容忍33.以refer 為中心的詞組refer to 指，提及，參考，查閱be referred to 和有關(guān),歸功于,被提交處理refer oneself to依賴，求助于refer toas把稱做，認為是34.以see為中心的詞組see after 照料，照顧see into 識透，調(diào)查see out 送

35、某人到門口/屋外，see off送行see through 看透，識破，支持（某人）到底see to 照顧，處理，注意see to it that照料，努力使，注意把seeing that因為，鑒于，既然35.以send為中心的詞組send away 解雇，趕走，把送往遠處send down 把向下發(fā)送,開除,降低send for 派人去叫/請/拿send off 發(fā)出，寄出，解雇，送別send out 發(fā)出，散發(fā)，長出（樹葉等）send up 發(fā)射，使上升，向上傳遞send word 通知，轉(zhuǎn)告，捎信36以set為中心的詞組be set in 以為背景set about（doing）著手，開

36、始set an example to sb.給某人樹立個榜樣set aside 取消，放在一邊，放棄，忽視，拒絕set back 把（鐘表）往回撥set down 放下，卸下，登記，記載set fire to (= seton fire) 放火燒毀set free 釋放（某人）set off vi.出發(fā) vt.使爆炸，撥出（錢等）set out vi.出發(fā) vt.開始，著手(to do)，布置 set up 建立，設(shè)立，開辦，引起（疾病等）37.以take為中心的詞組take a chance / an opportunity碰運氣,抓機會take a seat就坐take a shower淋

37、浴，洗澡take advantage of 利用，乘之便take after 仿效，與相似，長得像take aim瞄準，設(shè)立目標take away拿走，減去；奪去take back收回，取消take by surprise出奇制勝,突襲take sb.by surprise 使驚訝take care to do 務(wù)必做，留心做take for/as把當(dāng)作take charge of負責(zé)，主管take down 取下，記下，占領(lǐng)，拆毀，病倒take effect 生效，起作用take for example 以為例take for granted 認為理所當(dāng)然 take in 吸收，接納，欺騙，

38、輕信，領(lǐng)會takeinto account / consideration 考慮，重視take it / things easy 別緊張，從容take measures / steps 采取措施take off vt.脫去,除去；vi.起飛,起程,成功,成名take office就職，上任take on 呈現(xiàn)，雇傭，承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任take ones place就坐，入坐，代替take ones time（to do） 慢慢做take out 拿出，取出，去除，取得（專利權(quán)）take over 接管，接任，接收take possession of 占有，擁有take the place of代替ta

39、ke the shape of 呈/取的形狀take the size of 量的尺寸take pride in以為榮，對驕傲takeseriously/calmly認真/冷靜從容地對待take sb. by the arm拉某人的胳膊take sb.in ones arms 擁抱某人take turns(to do) 輪流做take up for 袒護take up with 致力于，忍受，對發(fā)生興趣38.以think為中心的詞組think about 考慮think aloud 自言自語think highly / well/much/a lot of對評價很高think little/i

40、ll/nothing of 輕視，看不起think of 想，想著，想做think of as把看作think out 仔細考慮，想通think over仔細考慮think through想通think to oneself 沉思，暗自想think up 想出，想通，想起39.以turn為中心的詞組turn away把打發(fā)走,轉(zhuǎn)臉不采,使轉(zhuǎn)變方向take ones turn to do輪到做turn a blind eye to對視而不見turn a deaf to對充耳不聞turn against背叛，采取敵對態(tài)度turn back 折回，往回走turn down 折疊，翻下，駁回，拒絕考慮

41、turn into 走進；變成，變?yōu)閠urn to for help 求助于turn off 關(guān)上,解雇，避開（問題）turn on 打開；反對；依靠，依賴，取決于turn ones attention to把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向 turn out 培養(yǎng)；證明是；制成；實際情況是turn out to be 原來是，證明是，結(jié)果是turn over a new leaf翻開新的一頁, 改過自新turn (a)round 旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)過身來；改變意見；turn to 變成；著手于turn upside down 顛倒過來，翻過來40.以watch為中心的詞組keep (a) watch 守望，值班，留心wat

42、ch ones time /opportunity 等待時機watch out (for)當(dāng)心，監(jiān)視，注意，提防watch over 查看，監(jiān)視，看守watch ones weight 留心體重watch ones step 當(dāng)心小試牛刀1. The fact that she never apologized _ a lot about what kind of person she is.A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares 2. I _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers o

43、f raw materials should be given a fair price for their products. A. make B. look C. take D. think3. You have to be a fairly good speaker to _ listeners interest for over an hour.A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive4. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to _ i

44、ts reality. A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off 5. Some parents are just too protective. They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish6. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even

45、the wealthy families had to _ bread for days.A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with7. How lovely these children are!YeahThey_ memories of my childhoodA. called outB. called for C. called up D. called on 8. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane_her job as a doctor in the countryside.Aset out Btook over Ctook up Dset up9. My daughter is not sure what to_ at the university; she cant make up her mind about her future.A. take upB. make