中考英語(yǔ)閱讀必備

1、中考閱讀理解必備中考閱讀理解考察分析：長(zhǎng)沙地區(qū)中考主要分客觀單項(xiàng)選擇和主觀答復(fù)以下問題兩大板塊， 客觀單項(xiàng)選擇以細(xì)節(jié)題為主 察學(xué)生文中找答案的能力 ，同時(shí)考察少量的推理判斷題和主旨題。答復(fù)以下問題同樣是考察學(xué) 生找答案的能力， 不太需要學(xué)生自己組織語(yǔ)言， 但要注意句子的時(shí)態(tài)和句子的根本結(jié)構(gòu)， 要是謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。中考閱讀理解出題特點(diǎn)和考前須知：1. 題目一般遵循文章段落的先后順序排列。2. 先閱讀題目和選項(xiàng)，找出題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞并作出記號(hào)：包括重點(diǎn)的名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞和否認(rèn)詞。同時(shí)對(duì)選項(xiàng)中的不同點(diǎn)進(jìn)行標(biāo)注。3. 帶著關(guān)鍵詞閱讀文章，在關(guān)鍵詞處重點(diǎn)閱讀。英語(yǔ)閱讀題型和解決方案：主旨大意

2、題：主旨大意題主要是考察學(xué)生對(duì)文章的中心思想的把控和提煉，屬于考察難度較大的 一種題型，但在中考中一般只考察 1-2 題，具體特點(diǎn)和解決方法如下：一、常見題干提問方式：1. What is the main idea of this passage?2. What does this passage mainly talk about?3. From the passage/ paragraph we can learn that.4. The best title for this passage is.5. The writer want to tell us that6. The pas

3、sage/paragraph is mainly about.7. The main purpose is to二、解題方法：干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：傷心絕對(duì)： 常見表否認(rèn)的詞有： never, not, useless, hardly, seldom, little, few, no, none, nobody, nothing 等；表絕對(duì)肯定的詞有： all, must, always, 最高級(jí)。片面武斷： 把文中某段的觀點(diǎn)或者細(xì)節(jié)作為選項(xiàng)。無中生有： 文章中有提到選項(xiàng)中的某個(gè)詞，但是沒有文中沒有闡述選項(xiàng)中的觀點(diǎn)。如： 正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：具有一定的 總結(jié)性 ，看上去有點(diǎn) 深?yuàn)W，另外文章的 標(biāo)題 正確

4、選項(xiàng)常會(huì)在 文章中 屢次提及 ,而錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)只會(huì)在某段出現(xiàn)。閱讀重點(diǎn)：閱讀時(shí)注意文章的首段和尾段，以及各段的首句所包含的信息。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題細(xì)節(jié)判斷題： 細(xì)節(jié)判斷題是中考考察重點(diǎn)，至少占80% 的題量，主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)文章某些細(xì)節(jié)的把握，或以原文出現(xiàn)，或?qū)ξ闹屑?xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行同義或近意修改。做題步驟：一“定 ，定題干和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，主要是實(shí)詞，包括名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞。 二“比，比擬選項(xiàng)中的 不同點(diǎn) ，并作出標(biāo)記，注意選項(xiàng)中的 否認(rèn)詞 。 三“選，讀文章，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和選項(xiàng)的不同點(diǎn)進(jìn)行正確選擇，注意 數(shù)字題，一般要 求學(xué)生進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算。細(xì)節(jié)題考察主要包括一般細(xì)節(jié)題( when, why, how, what 等

5、)、正誤判斷( which is true/right/ not true)以及( .except) 題。干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：(1 ) “張冠李戴，把A做的事按在B頭上。(2 )“無中生有 ,文中沒提及，但容易讓學(xué)生根據(jù)常識(shí)想當(dāng)然。(3) “答非所問 ，文中有原文，但是不是問題所涉及的答案。(4) “偷換概念 ，與文中的細(xì)節(jié)相反或者把修改細(xì)節(jié)的某個(gè)點(diǎn)。故做題時(shí)請(qǐng)注意一定要立足于文章， 可適當(dāng)結(jié)合常識(shí)，不要想當(dāng)然，細(xì)心就能解決問題。 正 誤判斷題 考察一般涉及到整篇文章中的各種細(xì)節(jié)，所以 先看選項(xiàng)作出關(guān)鍵詞的標(biāo)注尤為重要時(shí)間。詞義猜想題：詞義猜想題是考察學(xué)生對(duì)文中的某個(gè)詞或句子意思的猜想，一般考察1

6、-2題，主要是上下文的分析能力，其答案的線索通常在 本句或前后1-2句中出現(xiàn)，需要學(xué)生自己分析，我們應(yīng)該分析什么呢？考前須知和解決方法如下：一、代詞的解決方法：首先看清代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，如it ， they 等，代詞指代的一定是前文出現(xiàn)過的人或事，是單數(shù)就看前文的單數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)那么看前文中的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。女口： 2021 連云港 Besides, every holiday Katherine makes something called “ neg ift certificate with the help of her friends and brothers. On each 10-dollar

7、 certificate there is a message. It explains that a bed net would be sent to Africa. When more certificate orders come, Katheri ne gets help from stude nts in her school.2. In Paragraph 4, It refers to “.A. a 10-dollar note B. a gift certificate C. an orga ni zati onD. a message2021 濱州In the past, c

8、hildren were taught their parents wisthemandheirkorfterage.3. In the forth paragraph, the underlined word指的em refers.to A. moder n pare ntsB. the five fathers on the showC. the pare nts in the pastD. the childre n in the old days2021 廣州 First I had to get the kids to sleep. That was never easy at an

9、y time and tonight it was even more difficult. The eldest one wan ted to know why we left the party early. I told him 10:30 pm was not early. As usual, I read them a bed time story, but I had to stop myself reading too quickly or they would lear n my secret.2. The underlined word“ they in Paragraph

10、3 refers to.A. thievesB. pare ntsC. childre nD. n eighbours二、形容詞和副詞的解決方法：形容詞和副詞一般是描述人或物的性質(zhì)， 看清形容詞或副詞 所形容的對(duì)象，所以重點(diǎn)放在前后句中 主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作和行為，同時(shí)周邊的形容詞和副詞也VTTT、?；要注意。2021 河北 Children do not have much experienee or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should n ot laugh at them for being n aive. Many

11、great men were dreamers whe n they were childre n. One such dreamer was Thomas Edis on. He used to be ostracized 排斥whe n he was in primary school, but his achieveme nts were greater tha n every one else s in his time.4. The underlined word“ naive in the passage means“ in Chinese.A.逆反的B.幼稚的C.淘氣的D.沖動(dòng)的

12、2021 廣州Here is a case that shows the ben efits of an imals. Joh n was a six-year-old mute. He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk.2. The underlined word“ mute in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to“.A. a pers on who speaks slowlyB. a pers on who does not speakC. a pers on who cannot h

13、earD. a pers on who enjoys talk ing2021 泰安The woman in the house, my father oudistawac a terrible cook and her foodwas in edible.2. The un derl ined word in edibl6 is closest in meaning to“.A. too bad for him to eat B. nice to look at C. not eno ugh to eat D. as delicious as usual2021 泰安Harish Chatu

14、rvedi, a lawyer, teaches people yoga for free even the poor people canlearn from him.3. The un derl ined phrase“ for free in the passage means.A.快樂地B.自由地C.免費(fèi)地D.規(guī)律地三、名詞的解決方法：首先注意文中的連詞，and和or并列的詞可以是意思想同的也可能是相對(duì)的，but， however 一定是表示相對(duì)的。關(guān)注前后句的 名詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).如：2021達(dá)州Recently, scientists have studied the migratio

15、n of a kind of lobster 龍蝦.Every year, when the seas on of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocea n.4. The un derl ined word migrati on in the passage means.A.遷徙B.習(xí)性C.運(yùn)動(dòng)D.尋覓2021 湖北咸寧 A Bite of China 2 shows a greater dream through hom

16、emade food, it tells thejoys and sorrows of com mon Chin ese in cha nging times, accord ing to director Che n Xiaoqi ng of the docume ntary series.4. What does the underlined word sorrows “ mean in Chinese?A.故事B.傷害C.快樂D.悲傷2021 揚(yáng)州In her diary, Anne wrote down her thoughts, her feelings, her hopes and

17、 her dreams for the future,I want the diary to be my friend, and I m going to call this friend Kitty.2. According to the passage,“ Kitty is.A. her diary B. her elder sisterC. her motherD. her hidi ng place2021 南京Destruction of the world s rain forests is a serious problem. Uniuckily, rain forests ar

18、e disappeari ng at a rate of 80 acres per minu te!3. The word “ Destruct ion in paragraph 2 probably means“ the process of being.A. destroyedB. developedC. describedD. discovered.2021 蘭州For example, sunglassesare not just fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from U

19、V rays.4. What do the under words“ UV rays mean?A.沙土B.閃電C.紫外線D.超聲波2021 長(zhǎng)沙Now Jas on still faces many hardships in life, but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done.“ Never be afraid of an ydifficulty , Jas on ofte n en courages others in his speeches.3. What does the underlined wor

20、d hardships mean in this passage?A.成就B.貧窮C.困難2021 濱州1 ran quickly to my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor doorbell, kno cked at the door, but there was no resp onse1. The underlined word“ response replaced 代替by.A. resultB. an swerC. questio nD. key2021 荷澤Anybody can grow older. That doe

21、sn t need arlyilent or ability . To grow up, you must always find the opport unity in cha nge.3. The underlined w ord talent in the third paragraph means“ in Chinese.A.訓(xùn)練B.方法C.途徑D.才能四、動(dòng)詞的解決方法：考察動(dòng)詞意思時(shí)，首先要高清動(dòng)作的 發(fā)出者和承受著，然后主要通過前后句中的 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和名詞 來進(jìn)行判斷。如：2021 揚(yáng)州A ndy pulled out her phone to con tact her husba

22、 nd, Jas on, but he did n f respond. She knew that if she didn t carry the dog down the mountain, he would die.2. What does the underlined word“ respond ，in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Pull.B. Con tact.C. Speak.D. An swer.2021 鄂州He was so successful that his arm started to recover its normal color. When the

23、 grey had disappeared completely, he started feeli ng happy aga in,2. The underlined word recover means “ in Chinese.A.轉(zhuǎn)變B.進(jìn)化C.變異D.恢復(fù)2021 北京Teens would like to spend more time doing things with their parents, but watching TV is not coun ted as spe nding time together. As your tee ns mature, it is im

24、porta nt for you and your teens spend time alone together, one to one.2. The un derl ine part“ coun ted as in Paragraph 3 probably means“A. compared withB. used as C. conn ected with D. regarded as2021 山西After the visitor is welcomed into the house, he is offered a seat and water at the very beginni

25、ng, because the host assumes that the visitor must have come from a very long journey and n eed water.1. The underlined word assumes here probably means“ .A. thinksB. remembersC. disagreesD. follows2021 重慶ln this book, she pointed out that the use of some kinds of pesticides 殺蟲劑likeDDT would cause t

26、he number of birds to decline because it would kill them as well.3. The Chin ese meaning of the word“ decli ne in this passage is probablyA.增加B.減少C.維持D.翻番2021 河南A single teacher would typically 典型地have students in the first through eighth grades, and she taught them all. The number of students varie

27、d from six to 40 or more. The youn gest childre n sat in the front, while the oldest stude nts sat i n the back. The teacher usually taught reading, writing, arithmetic, history, and geography. Students memorized 記憶and retold their less ons.1. What does the word“ varied agnapie Pao mean in Chinese?A

28、.變化B.排列C.調(diào)整D.減少推理判斷題：推理判斷題是細(xì)節(jié)和主旨兩種題型的一種綜合體，難度最大，故考察量很小，常只考察一題，主要結(jié)合上述兩種題型的特點(diǎn)和解決方法。其特點(diǎn)和考前須知如下：一、常見題干提問方式：主要包括infer推斷，imply暗示，learn from 了解到1. It can be in ferred from the passage that.2. From the passage, we can infer 推斷.3. What can we lear n from the passage?4. We can lear n about from this passage.5

29、. The passage implies that.6. 作者的態(tài)度和文章的出處干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：1. 偷換概念：選項(xiàng)中的觀點(diǎn)與文中的相反。2. 無中生有：文中有提及選項(xiàng)中的某個(gè)詞，但觀點(diǎn)卻脫離文章，想當(dāng)然。3. 過于細(xì)節(jié)：文中能找到的原句不會(huì)是正確答案。做此類題時(shí)先閱讀選項(xiàng)定關(guān)鍵詞和判斷正誤題一樣重要，回原文定位時(shí)省時(shí)省力附2021長(zhǎng)沙中考卷閱讀分析2021年長(zhǎng)沙中考閱讀分析第一節(jié) 閱讀理解閱讀以下圖表，從每題所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最 佳選項(xiàng)答復(fù)或完成句子。A難度：En glish Teachers Wan tedDear Sir/Madam,Our school set up

30、in 2021 is a high school. Now there is an urge nt迫切的 need for English teachers. We have posted發(fā)布o(jì)ur advertisement on our websi te. You can visit .wenhuaschool. com or call Alex at 845-6789 for more inform ation. If you are interested, please send your resume簡(jiǎn)歷to us, and we will re ply as soon as pos

31、sible.You should: love teach ing speak flue nt 流利的En glish be good at computer skills have good com muni cati on skills41. How can you get more information about the advertisement?A. By visiting the website of Wenhua school.B. By calling Mike at 845-6789.張冠李戴C. By sending your resume to the school.答

32、非所問42. Which of the following is not required according to the advertisement?A. Good computer skills.B. Good com muni catio n skills.C. At least three-year teaching experienee.無中生有難度：Miss ing si nee: Ju ne 3,2021Produce : young2 years old, curly hair, shyLast seen: Wuyi SquarePlease contact聯(lián)系：Sarah

33、839-6722Please do not run after the dog. It may run in fear.Lost and found items物件will be displayed陳歹U in the school hall. On Friday , June 15, 2021Duri ng lunch 12:30-1:30Parents: If you know that your child has lost something , please reminc 提醒him or her.You are also welcome to have a look.43. Wha

34、t is Poodle like?A. It bsave無中生有 B. It lovely無中生有 C. It shy44. From the chart圖表above , we know that.A. Poodle was lost two years ago 偷換概念B. we can call Sarah or email her if we find PoodleC. parents are not allowed to look at the display on June 15,2021 偷換 概念45. How long will the display last?需要計(jì)算A.

35、 Half an hour B. An hour C. Two hours第二節(jié) 短文理解 閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)答復(fù)以下問題或完成句子。共15小題，計(jì)30分A難度：China is a nation of etiquetteL儀.Chinese people are among the mosth ospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receiv

36、e as guests.When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. The n he will serve you sn acks小吃 like biscuits or can dy. Some one in the famil y will also chat with you, never letting you feel Ionely.At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chi nese peop

37、le treat 款待their guests with a big meal. They always present mo re food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to e at. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the C hinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won thappen at western ta

38、bl es. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As yo u are done eating, the host usually says, seems that you didn eat much. Pl ease have more. Although you tell them you are full, they still put more foo d in your bowl.Being warm and hospitable has long been an important pa

39、rt of Chinese cu lture and tradition. As Confucius 孔子 said thousands of years ago:To meet friends from afterHow happy we are!46. What does the underline word “ hospitable mean in this passage.A. 好客的B.勤勞的C樸實(shí)的47. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offeredby the host.A. coffee and snacks無中

40、生有B. juice and snacks 無中生有C. tea and sn acks48. Why does a western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him?A. Because he thinks it not polite.無中生有B. Because he thinks it not necessary無中生有C. Because it wonthappen in western countries.49. What the Chinese family do for the guests is to

41、.A. make them feel at home 無中生有B. show their wealthC. make them feel uncomfortable. 偷換概念 詞義猜想50. Whatsthe meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage?A. 學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦悅乎？B. 有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎？C. 人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？B難度：Li Ting,15,from Shanghai, was preparing a talk on some western festival s. She search

42、ed online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentatio ns展示.Wu Qiong，her classmate, was doing his chemistry homework carefully. B ut he couldn wtork out the last problem even he tried his best. So he took o ut his mobile phone, opened a special app應(yīng)用軟件,and searched the proble m. Answers s

43、oon appeared on the screen in several seconds.Nowadays,many students do homework online with the help of the Interne t like Li and Wu.They search information online, use apps or discuss through QQ and Wechat.“It cosnvenient.You donthave to wait for your teacher to explainit to yo u face to face. Acc

44、ording Wu.You can also learn by seeing how others w ork them out. Whatsmore, it improves students abilities. And it especially t rue for new kinds of homework. I am quite skilled at finding information onli ne and using Microsoft Office. However, this trend 趨勢(shì)also causes problems. Some lazy students

45、 just copy the answers online without thinking. Even some ask their classmates to d o homework for them. And their teachers dontknow the fact.Anyhow, knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to hav e good self-control. When you come across遇到 a difficult problem, think ab out it by yo

46、urself first. Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers after you have turned to the Internet, or you wontmake progress. If you are not sure about your self-control, ask your parents for help.51. Both Li Ting and Wu Qiong used the Internet to A. play games無中生有 B. search information C. tak

47、e exams無中生有 主旨題 52. Paragraph 4 is mainly aboutof doing homework with the help of the Internet.A. the advantages B. the disadvantages C.the problems 無中生有53. Which problem is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5?A. some students only copy the answers online.B. some cheat their teachers by asking their classm

48、ates to do homework f or them.C. Nobody is able to finish their homework now without the Internet.無 中生有54. is the key to using the Internet to study.A. Self-respect無中生有B. Self-control C. Self-developmen無中生有55. In this passage the writer wants to tell us that.A. the Internet can be a good helper if w

49、e use it properly.B. the Internet has made all the students lazy.傷心絕對(duì)C. it not necessary to learn to use the Internet.傷心絕對(duì)C難度：Have you ever heard of e-wasteelectric waste,電子垃圾,which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they rbroken or you want a new one?Most people just throw them away. With the development of electric ind ustry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2021, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e