高二英語(yǔ)Book6Module1Grammar過(guò)去分詞講解

1、高二英語(yǔ)Book 6 Module1 Grammar過(guò)去分詞講解 Step1 自主學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去分詞兩個(gè)顯著的特點(diǎn)即:從時(shí)間上講，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；從語(yǔ)態(tài)上講，表示被動(dòng)的概念，但是如果是不及物動(dòng)詞用作過(guò)去分詞形式，則只表示動(dòng)作的完成，而沒有被動(dòng)意義。如 fallen leaves 落葉 retired workers 退休工人 。過(guò)去分詞主要起形容詞或副詞的作用,表示"被動(dòng)、完成”的意義,在句中作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。選擇分詞時(shí),關(guān)鍵看分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系,若是其邏輯主語(yǔ)主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作,選用現(xiàn)在分詞;若是被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,則選用過(guò)去分詞。 過(guò)去分詞用法總結(jié)如下:一、  表語(yǔ): 1

2、The cup is broken. 2The door remains locked.3She looked disappointed. 二、  定語(yǔ):要求學(xué)生必須掌握過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的位置 ，告訴他們單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞及由過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時(shí)，需置于被修飾詞之后，而過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)也要后置，即要放在被修飾詞之后。1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ))2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))3. I

3、s there anything unsolved? There is nothing changed here since I left this town.(如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，盡管是單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，也要放在被修飾詞的后面)4. This is a state-owned factory. This is a newly built building. Advertising is a highly developed industry. (單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞與名詞或副詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞

4、時(shí)，放在其修飾的名詞前作前置定語(yǔ))三、  賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):能夠帶過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:1） see, hear, find ,feel, think等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.He once heard the song sung in German.Every thought the match lost. 2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞: Hes going to have his hair cut.

5、 She had her foot injured in the fall. When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood. Please keep us informed of the latest developments. ( 請(qǐng)讓我們了解最新的發(fā)展情況。)四、  狀語(yǔ):The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.Once seen, it can never be forgotten. =Once it is seen,Seen from the

6、 hill, the park looks very beautiful = When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Given more time, we could do it much better. = If we were given more time, we could do it much better.語(yǔ)法演練一、 考查過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)可表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、伴隨等。有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞前也可加上連詞when, while, if, unless, though等。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主

7、語(yǔ)是句子中的主語(yǔ),表示被動(dòng)或完成意義。例如: 1. _ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2. _ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given Unless _ to speak, you should remain

8、 silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken二、 考查過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)是所修飾的名詞或代詞,表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)的定語(yǔ)從句。3. Prices of

9、daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 4. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 三、 考查過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),邏輯主

10、語(yǔ)是其前面的賓語(yǔ),表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作。例如: 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 四、 考查過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),其主語(yǔ)通常是人,表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或表示主語(yǔ)對(duì)某事的感覺,意思是"(某人).的"而現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),其主語(yǔ)通常是物,表示主語(yǔ)的特征,意思是“令人.的”。常用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞有: interested, moved, discouraged, amuse

11、d, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如: 6. As we joined the big crowd, I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 另外,有些以過(guò)去分詞形式出現(xiàn)的詞,其詞性和意思都已發(fā)生了變化,須引起同學(xué)們的注意。例如: 7. _ the general

12、 state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given “Given”在此處是介詞,意思是“在.的情況下;考慮到”。 答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-7 AA 你對(duì)第1面的過(guò)去分詞高考考點(diǎn)透析一文理解得如何?為了使你加深印象,檢測(cè)一下你的復(fù)習(xí)效果,請(qǐng)做下面選自高考試題的單項(xiàng)填空練習(xí)。為了Step2 鞏固訓(xùn)練 你開動(dòng)腦筋,不盲目猜題,本練習(xí)題中也包括其它非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的習(xí)題。 1. Because of my

13、poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself_. A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood 2. The workers want us_ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 3. What's the language_in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. _some offic

14、ials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by 5. Most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions_. A. been turned down B. turned d

15、own C. to be turned down D. to turn down 7. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 8. -Good morning. Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package_, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 9. There was a terrible noise_ the sudden burst o

16、f light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 10. _more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 11. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was pr

17、eparing 12. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned 13. Generally speaking,_ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take 14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _the girl and took

18、 her away,_ into the woods. A. seizing;disappeared B.seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D.seized; disappearing 15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain_ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. se