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1、通過(guò)幽默句子學(xué)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 2007-10-09 16:18【大 中 小】【我要糾錯(cuò)】藍(lán)色字體為語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象概述,紅色字體是例句要點(diǎn)。動(dòng)詞不定式(基本形式、句法作用(5種)、否定形式、和疑問(wèn)詞連用)動(dòng)名詞(作主語(yǔ)、作賓語(yǔ)、只能用動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或句型(12種)分詞(作定語(yǔ)、作賓補(bǔ)、作狀語(yǔ)、作表語(yǔ))易混知識(shí)一:動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別易混知識(shí)二:動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)和動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別易混知識(shí)三:need, require, want后跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別易混知識(shí)四:不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),作定語(yǔ)不能省略介詞動(dòng)詞不定式1不定式的基本形式to + 動(dòng)詞原形Roger: Dad, whe
2、n I grow up I want to drive a big army tank.Dad: Well, son, if thats what you want, I wont stand in your way.Roger: 爸爸,長(zhǎng)大后我想開大坦克。爸爸:好的,兒子,如果那是你的選擇,我不會(huì)擋你的路。考點(diǎn):1、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),有將來(lái)之意,將來(lái)開坦克;2、when:在的時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;grow up:長(zhǎng)大;3、if:如果,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;what疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句;4、wont = will not:不會(huì),表意愿;stand in your way擋你的路。Teacher:
3、Why are you writing so fast?Janie: I want to finish this essay before my pen run out of ink.老師:為什么你寫得這么快?Janie:我想在我的鋼筆墨水用完前寫完這篇文章??键c(diǎn):1、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),有將來(lái)之意,將來(lái)完成文章;2、why疑問(wèn)副詞構(gòu)成特殊問(wèn)句;3、are writing謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示現(xiàn)在正在寫;4、程度副詞so修飾方式副詞fast,so fast修飾動(dòng)詞write;5、before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前;6、run out of用完,注意主語(yǔ)是pen。2不
4、定式的句法作用:1)作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末。It may surprise you to learn that he is part Italian(意大利人). His wig(假發(fā)) comes from Venice(威尼斯).得知他有意大利血統(tǒng)可能你感到奇怪,他的假發(fā)來(lái)自威尼斯。注:有些人整容的零件來(lái)是世界各地,他們是多國(guó)混血兒。考點(diǎn):1、to learn that he is part Italian是真正主語(yǔ);2、may情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè),意為“可能;也許”,用于肯定句中;3、引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,本身無(wú)意義,只起連接作用,口語(yǔ)中可省
5、略。Its useful to learn English well.考點(diǎn):1、to learn English well.是真正的主語(yǔ);2、well副詞好,注意不能用形容詞good;Its important for us to protect environment. 注:當(dāng)在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后,不用for而用of.(你是一個(gè)又好(kind, good, nice)又聰明(clever)的家伙)。Its very kind of you to lend me money.考點(diǎn):lend me money的主語(yǔ)是you,所以用lend,不
6、用borrow;2)作賓語(yǔ)注:(1)一些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ),常見的這類詞是表示命令、打算或希望,如:would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。(想、希望、打算的時(shí)候,事情還沒(méi)做,所以用不定式表示將來(lái)之意。)場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):一個(gè)乞丐坐在街角,兩只手各拿一頂帽子。有人問(wèn)“另一個(gè)帽子是干什么用的”?乞丐回答:“Business has been so great lately that I decided to open a branch office.”“最近生意興隆,我決定開一家分店”。 考點(diǎn):1、to open a branch
7、 office.作decide的賓語(yǔ);2、so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;3、has been.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),生意一直好到現(xiàn)在,所以用現(xiàn)在完成式;4、程度副詞so修飾great,lately時(shí)間副詞修飾整個(gè)句子;5、注意decided用過(guò)去式因?yàn)槭沁^(guò)去作的決定;6、第一次提及branch office(分公司),前面加不定冠詞a。Clerk: Would you like to buy one of our new mountain bikes, sir?Customer: I would, but the price is too steep.Clerk:你想買我們一輛新山地車嗎,先生?顧客:
8、我想買,但價(jià)格太不合理了(太陡峭了)。注:steep:陡峭的;不合理的??键c(diǎn):1、 to buy one of our new mountain bikes作賓語(yǔ);2、Would you like to常用的征求意見的句型;3、mountain名詞作定語(yǔ);4、one泛指同類事物中的一個(gè),同類而不同一。Marty: Are you making any New Years resolutions(決心) this year?Mel: Yes. I plan not to be so insulting(侮辱)to people.Marty: Ha! Knowing your temperamen
9、t(脾氣), how long do you plan to keep that resolution?Mel: The whole year, you stupid idiot!Marty:今年你又下了什么新年決心沒(méi)有?Mel:我計(jì)劃不再那么侮辱人。Marty:哈!知道你的脾氣,這個(gè)決心你計(jì)劃保持多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?Mel:全年,你這個(gè)愚蠢的笨蛋!注:New Years resolution新年計(jì)劃,很多人新年時(shí)下決心計(jì)劃做很多事情??键c(diǎn):1、not to be so.不定式作賓語(yǔ),不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加not;2To keep.不定式作賓語(yǔ);3、注意make New Years resolu
10、tion:制定新年計(jì)劃(決心新的一年里做什么事); New Year前不加冠詞;4、how long “多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,是對(duì)一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段提問(wèn);5、that resolution中that形容詞:那個(gè),用單數(shù),(復(fù)數(shù)為those);6、You stupid idiot! 感嘆句,意思是:你這個(gè)愚蠢的笨蛋!Club manager(俱樂(lè)部經(jīng)理): Your last joke was so bad it put the audience to sleep. What do you plan to do about it?Comedian(喜劇演員): Copyright(申請(qǐng)版權(quán)) it and
11、sell it as a cure for insomnia(失眠).俱樂(lè)部經(jīng)理:你上一個(gè)笑話很糟糕,觀眾都睡著了,你打算怎么辦?喜劇演員:申請(qǐng)版權(quán)當(dāng)治療失眠的藥賣??键c(diǎn):1、 to do (what) about it做plan的賓語(yǔ),注意it指講笑話把觀眾講睡著那件事;2、it put audience to sleep:觀眾都睡著了;to sleep作put的賓補(bǔ);it指糟糕的笑話;3、so(that)(省略that)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;4、and連接兩個(gè)祈使句。(2)在find, think后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it代替,而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。I find it difficult
12、to read English every day.Those that think it permissible(可允許的)to tell white lies soon grow colorblind.那些認(rèn)為可以說(shuō)善意謊言的人不久就變成了色盲。(高中水平)注:white lie: 善意的謊言。這句話的意思是最后也分不清謊言是不是善意的了。 3)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),它與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。The father asked his son to pide candy with his younger brother.“How did you pide them, then?”
13、“It is difficult to pide three pieces between two people, so I ate one first.”父親讓男孩和他弟弟分糖吃?!澳阍趺捶值摹??“兩個(gè)人分三塊糖太難了,所以我先吃了一塊”??键c(diǎn):1、to pide candy with his younger brother.為賓補(bǔ),his son是邏輯主語(yǔ);2、 to pide three pieces between two people為真正的主語(yǔ),it為形式主語(yǔ);3、介詞with.和.(分);4、younger brother弟弟,younger較年輕的;5、How引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,是
14、過(guò)去分的,所以用過(guò)去式;6、candy為不可數(shù)名詞,三塊糖用three pieces;7、介詞between指“在(兩者)之間”,不用“among”,people為復(fù)數(shù);8、連詞so連接兩個(gè)句子,so不能與because同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子里;8、one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè),同類而不同一;9、副詞first(首先)修飾ate。注:動(dòng)詞不定式在使役動(dòng)詞make, let和感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, feel等詞后作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),常省去不定式符號(hào)to,had better, would rather后的不定式也不帶to,help后的不定式可帶to,也可不帶to。How do yo
15、u make a hot dog stand?Take away its chair.怎樣使熱狗站著?拿走它的椅子??键c(diǎn):1、stand為賓補(bǔ),是不帶to的不定式;2、動(dòng)詞詞組take away:拿走;3、its單數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞。Why did the boy throw the clock out of the window?Because he wanted to see time fly.為什么這個(gè)小男孩把鐘表扔出窗外?因?yàn)樗肟粗鴷r(shí)光飛逝??键c(diǎn):1、fly為不帶to的不定式作see的賓補(bǔ);2、 to see time fly.作為want的賓語(yǔ);3、out of側(cè)重由里向外,意為“
16、從窗子里面飛出來(lái)”,而from側(cè)重起點(diǎn),意為“從”;4、the boy, the clock, the window用定冠詞the都是雙方都知道的人和事;5、because(因?yàn)椋┗卮鹛釂?wèn)(why)。Is your refrigerator running?It is? Well, youd better go and catch it!你的冰箱運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)嗎?(你的冰箱在跑嗎?)它跑嗎?好了,你最好去抓住他。注:Run:運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);跑考點(diǎn):1、had better后面跟不帶to的不定式;2、running表示正在進(jìn)行,意思是“現(xiàn)在正在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)(跑)”;場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):病人手術(shù)后醒過(guò)來(lái),外科醫(yī)生對(duì)他說(shuō),“恐怕還要給你
17、做次手術(shù),我把橡膠手套落在你肚里了。你猜病人怎么說(shuō),病人說(shuō):Well, if its just because of them, Id rather pay for them if you would just leave me alone.”“如果就這點(diǎn)兒事兒,你讓我安靜會(huì)兒吧,我愿意付你手套錢”??键c(diǎn):1、would rather后面跟不帶to的不定式;2、兩個(gè)if都是引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;3、because of后面跟代詞,表原因;4、leave me alone不用管我,讓我安靜會(huì)兒。 場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):船如果下沉,船長(zhǎng)一般不能茍且偷生,船長(zhǎng)說(shuō):The ship is sinking. We mu
18、st try and save it. Help me get it into the lifeboat.(救生艇)船正在下沉,我們一定要努力救它,幫幫我把它放到救生艇上去。考點(diǎn):1、get it into the lifeboat作help的賓補(bǔ),不帶to;2、sinking用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示船正在下沉;3、must 表主觀看法,“必須”“應(yīng)該”;4、into介詞,意思是“到.里面”。Holly: The doctors helping me lose weight with these three pills. This red ones for before dinner. That gr
19、een ones for after dinner.Ivy: And whats the pink one for?Holly: The pink one is dinner.Holly:醫(yī)生正用這3顆藥丸幫助我減肥,紅的飯前吃,綠的飯后吃。Ivy:那粉紅的干什么用?Tillie:粉紅的是飯??键c(diǎn):1、lose weight作help的賓補(bǔ),不帶to;2、介詞with:用,表手段;3、one指上文中提到的藥丸中的一個(gè);4、for介詞:為.(準(zhǔn)備的);5、before:在.之前;after介詞:在.之后。但make, see, hear 等詞在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,其后的不定式要帶to。The ship
20、was helped to get into the lifeboat.(救生艇) 4)作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)放在名詞之后,它與名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Junior: Im going to ask my dad to help me with my math homework.Teacher: Now, you know that wouldnt be right.Junior: Probably not, but at least Id have something to hand in.小孩:我想要我爸爸幫我做數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)。教師:現(xiàn)在,你知道那是不對(duì)的。小孩:可能不對(duì),但至少我有東西可交
21、。注:小孩理解成老師擔(dān)心他爸爸作錯(cuò)作業(yè)。考點(diǎn):1、 something to hand in.(可交上的東西);2、am going to +動(dòng)詞原形(ask),計(jì)劃、打算做某事,表示已經(jīng)決定很可能發(fā)生的事;3、ask后面跟帶to的賓補(bǔ)(to help me with my math homework.);4、with my math homework注意用介詞with;5、老師心中的that指代前面提到的讓爸爸做作業(yè)這件事;小孩心中的that指答案;6、Probably not為省略句,全句為:The answer probably is not right.7、but連接具有轉(zhuǎn)折含義的句子
22、;8、at least副詞詞組,至少。Antal: I wish I had enough money to buy a dinosaur.(恐龍)Donald: What would you do with a dinosaur?Antal: Who wants the dinosaur, I just want the money.甲:我希望我有買恐龍的錢。乙:你要恐龍干什么?甲:誰(shuí)要恐龍,我只是想要那么多錢??键c(diǎn):1、to buy a dinosaur動(dòng)詞不定式可以理解成作定語(yǔ),買恐龍的錢,也可理解成作狀語(yǔ),目的是為了買恐龍;2、what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句;3、with介詞:用;4、who引
23、導(dǎo)不需回答的疑問(wèn)句。5)作狀語(yǔ)Boss: Youve got to find a way to make fewer mistakes on the job.Worker: Okay. How about if I come in later in the morning?老板:你必須要找到一種方法減少工作上的錯(cuò)誤。工人:好,我早上晚點(diǎn)兒來(lái)怎么樣?考點(diǎn):1、 to make fewer mistakes on the job不定式作目的狀語(yǔ);2、have (got) to與must表必須意思相近。Have to表客觀需要“不得不”,must更多的強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的原因;3、fewer形容詞比較級(jí)修飾
24、可數(shù)名詞;而less修飾不可數(shù)名詞;4、on介詞:在方面;5、how about征求意見:怎么樣;6、come in in指進(jìn)辦公室的意思;7、in the morning固定用法,用定冠詞。The doctor wants to find a suitable stone to transplant(移植) the heart for the lawyer. 這個(gè)醫(yī)生想找一塊合適的石頭給一個(gè)律師移植心臟。注:律師鐵石心腸,就知道掙錢,這回犯在醫(yī)生的手里了??键c(diǎn):1、to transplant(移植) the heart for the lawyer.不定式作目的狀語(yǔ);2、to find不定式
25、作賓語(yǔ)從句;3、for介詞:為。Rich: Why do you work so hard?Mitch: Im too nervous to steal.Rich:你為什么工作這么努力?Mitch:我太緊張了,不敢偷東西考點(diǎn):1、不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ);2、程度副詞so修飾方式副詞hard,hard修飾work(注意:hardly:幾乎不);3、too.to.句型:太.而不能。 Father, showing Sam the family picture album相片冊(cè): “And thats Mom and me on our wedding day.”Sam: “Is that the day
26、 Mom came to work for us?父親給Sam看家庭相片冊(cè):這是你媽媽和我在我們的婚禮上。Sam:是從那天媽媽來(lái)我們家開始給我們干活的嗎?考點(diǎn):1、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ);2、thats Mom and me謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),它要與臨近的名詞一致;3、on our wedding day介詞用on,表示具體某一天。3不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not.I plan not to be so insulting(侮辱)to people.4不定式常和疑問(wèn)詞what, which, when, where, how連用,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。Study is for people who
27、 dont know how to play. 學(xué)習(xí)是為不會(huì)玩兒的人準(zhǔn)備的。注:不愛學(xué)習(xí)的人的歪言論。動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形 + ing”構(gòu)成,它具有名詞和動(dòng)詞的特征,它起名詞的作用,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),它也可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。1作主語(yǔ)Dont believe “Seeing is believing” especially when you watch the magic performance.(魔術(shù)表演)不要相信“眼見為實(shí)“,特別是當(dāng)你看魔術(shù)表演時(shí)。考點(diǎn):動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ);2作賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ),也可作介詞賓語(yǔ) “Do you love music?Yes, b
28、ut never mind, you may continue playing.“你喜歡音樂(lè)嗎”?“喜歡,但沒(méi)關(guān)系,你可以繼續(xù)演奏”。注:第二個(gè)人回答的潛臺(tái)詞是你演奏的很差。 考點(diǎn):1、playing作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ);2、助動(dòng)詞do開頭的一般疑問(wèn)句,Yes為肯定回答;3、but表意思轉(zhuǎn)折;祈使句never mind:沒(méi)關(guān)系,不用擔(dān)心;4、may表允許,意為“可以”。場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):獲獎(jiǎng)感言:Im not interested in the Noble Art only in winning the Noble Prize.我對(duì)諾貝爾藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)沒(méi)有興趣只對(duì)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)金感興趣。 考點(diǎn):1、winning the
29、 Noble Prize是動(dòng)名詞作介賓;2、interested作表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)是“I”。Thank you for respecting me(介詞賓語(yǔ)) 謝謝你尊敬我。注:有些動(dòng)詞和句型只能用動(dòng)名詞(1)enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事I enjoy singing loudly in class.我喜歡上課時(shí)大聲唱歌。 (2)mind doing sth.和mind sbs doing sth.介意做某事,反對(duì)做某事Would you mind using simpler language in your speech?I wouldnt mind, but I dont know
30、how.您演講時(shí)是不是可以用簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)兒的語(yǔ)言?當(dāng)然可以,但我不知道怎么講。注:演講時(shí)習(xí)慣堆積辭藻,故作高深。考點(diǎn):1、would you mind doing為常用句型,客氣地詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意見:您介意嗎?如果回答是肯定的,用of course not:當(dāng)然不介意;2、simpler形容詞比較級(jí)修飾language;3、I wouldnt mind.我不介意;3、how省略了how to use simpler language,為賓語(yǔ)從句。Doctor: Nobody lives forever.Patient: I wouldnt mind trying.醫(yī)生:誰(shuí)也不能長(zhǎng)生不死。病人:我不介意
31、試試。注:醫(yī)生勸病人想開點(diǎn)兒,病人倒真想得開,想試試能不能長(zhǎng)生不老??键c(diǎn):1、I wouldnt mind doing sth.我不介意做某事;2、復(fù)合不定代詞Nobody后面跟單數(shù)動(dòng)詞;3、副詞forever修飾動(dòng)詞live;(3)stop sb. from doing sth.和prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事How do you stop an elephant from going through the eye of a needle?Tie a knot結(jié) in his tail.怎樣不讓大象通過(guò)針眼?在大象尾巴上打一個(gè)結(jié)。注:腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎??键c(diǎn):
32、1、stop an elephant from going through阻止大象通過(guò).2、注意an elephant,用不定冠詞an;3、a needle用a表示一類東西針,eye前用the表示某個(gè)針的針眼;4、In his tail用形容詞性物主代詞his,大象擬人化。(4)practice doing sth.We should practice speaking English as often as possible.(5)finish doing sth.Before 2008 we will finish building the Olympic Park.(6)feel lik
33、e doing sth.想要做某事場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):美國(guó)人這么教育下一代:The next time you feel like complaining, remember: Your garbage disposal 處理器 probably eats better than thirty percent of the people in this world.下次你再想抱怨時(shí),記住你的垃圾箱可能吃得比世界上30%的人都好??键c(diǎn):1、feel like complaining想抱怨;2、The next time時(shí)間副詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;3、better than兩個(gè)事物的比較;4、thirty p
34、ercent:30%,percent為單數(shù);5、in the world 用定冠詞,因?yàn)閣orld是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。Feel like后面可以跟名詞Whenever I feel like exercise, I lie down until the feeling passes.每當(dāng)我想鍛煉時(shí),我就躺下直到這種感覺(jué)消失。注:這個(gè)人是真不想鍛煉。(7)be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事Im most used to talking on the topic: Me.我最習(xí)慣談?wù)摰脑掝}是:我。注:人們都愿意談?wù)撟约???键c(diǎn):副詞most:最,修飾形容詞used(習(xí)慣的)。(8)s
35、pend.(in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事A bore(討厭鬼) is a man who spends so much time talking about himself that you cant talk about yourself.討厭鬼就是他大部分時(shí)間都在談?wù)撍约?,以至于你沒(méi)有時(shí)間談?wù)撃阕约骸Wⅲ喝巳硕加斜憩F(xiàn)自己的欲望,如果有人只顧自己表現(xiàn),不給你機(jī)會(huì)表現(xiàn),那他們就是討厭鬼??键c(diǎn):1、 spends so much time talking about himself花大部分時(shí)間談?wù)撟约海?、who引導(dǎo)man的定語(yǔ)從句;關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可省略;3、s
36、o.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;4、so much修飾不可數(shù)名詞time;5、cant情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:不能。6、himself, yourself反身代詞。1st Teenager: I spend ages in front of the mirror admiring my beauty. Do you think its vanity(虛榮)?2nd Teenager: No. imagination.十幾歲的(女孩)1:我在鏡子前花了很多時(shí)間欣賞自己的美麗,你認(rèn)為這是虛榮嗎?十幾歲的(女孩)2:不是,是想象。 考點(diǎn):1、spend ages admiring my beauty花了很多時(shí)間欣賞
37、自己的美麗;2、in front of the mirror 因?yàn)槿苏驹阽R子前,沒(méi)站在鏡子里,所以front前面不用the;比較in the front of the room.在房間前面,指在房間里面的前面;3、beauty為beautiful的名詞; 注意:下面的spend后面可跟動(dòng)詞不定式,表示將要做的事情。我想要一個(gè)克服了所有麻煩的房子,I dont want to spend the rest of my life to bring up a young and inexperienced house.我不想花費(fèi)余生帶大一個(gè)年輕沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的房子。注:年輕沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的房子指貸款買的房子,剛
38、交了首付,需要還月供。(9)be worth doing sth.值得做某事場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):有人問(wèn)你有個(gè)地方值不值得去看,你說(shuō):Worth seeing: Yes, but not worth going to see.值得看,但不值得去看。注:考慮到花在路上的時(shí)間就不值得了。 考點(diǎn):1、(Its) worth seeing值得看。2、to see為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。(10)have fun doing sth和have a good time doing sth.盡情做某事,做某事很快樂(lè)They had fun climbing the mountain last Sunday. (11)have
39、 trouble/ problem/ a hard time doing sth.做某事很困難I had a hard time speaking English in front of the class.(12)thank sb. for doing sth.因某事感謝某人場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):北京要對(duì)擁堵的交通做些什么了,它豎起標(biāo)牌寫著: Thank you for not driving.感謝您不開車! ??贾R(shí)清單三 分詞分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種。它們起形容詞和副詞的作用,在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞-ing,有主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行之意,過(guò)去分詞-ed,有被動(dòng)、完成之意。注意它們都有不規(guī)
40、則形式。1作定語(yǔ) 分詞與中心詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系China is a developing country. Japan is a developed country.(玩笑:Im living in a developed family in a developing country.)If he has a daughter named Sue and a son named Bill, you know he is a lawyer.如果他有一個(gè)女兒叫起訴Sue,有一個(gè)兒子叫費(fèi)用Bill,你就知道他是一名律師。注:律師總是鼓勵(lì)人們起訴(sue),他好代理打官司收費(fèi)(bill)。 2作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足
41、語(yǔ)Daisy: Who was that gorgeous man I saw you kissing last night?Maisie: What time was it?Daisy:昨天晚上你吻的那個(gè)光彩奪目的男人是誰(shuí)?Maisie: 什么時(shí)間?注:吻得太多了,必須先確定時(shí)間段??键c(diǎn):1、現(xiàn)在分詞kissing作saw的賓補(bǔ),動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是“you”,當(dāng)時(shí)看著一直在吻;2、who引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,問(wèn)一個(gè)人的姓名、身份;3、I saw you kissing last night作man的定語(yǔ)從句;4、What time was it?詢問(wèn)時(shí)間(幾點(diǎn)、幾刻)。You should have
42、your hair cut.(have sth done叫別人為你做某事) 3作狀語(yǔ)What animal eats with its tail?All animals do. No one takes off its tail while eating.什么動(dòng)物用尾巴吃東西?(故意理解成:什么動(dòng)物帶著尾巴吃東西?)所有動(dòng)物,沒(méi)有動(dòng)物吃東西時(shí)把尾巴拿下來(lái)。注:With:用(表手段);帶著。考點(diǎn):1、while eating現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于while they are eating;2、what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,泛指各種動(dòng)物用what animal,如果有幾個(gè)(種)動(dòng)物需要選擇,用which
43、 animal;3、with介詞:用,表手段;(故意理解成:帶著);4、形容詞all:所有的,修飾animals;5、do代替eat with their tails;6、動(dòng)詞詞組take off:拿掉;7、形容詞性物主代詞its,主語(yǔ)是No one,所以用單數(shù)。4作表語(yǔ)We are excited about the exciting news.考點(diǎn):1、Excited:興奮的,作表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)是“we”;2、exciting:令人興奮的,作定語(yǔ),修飾“news”。場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):獲獎(jiǎng)感言:Im not interested in the Noble Art only in winning the N
44、oble Prize.我對(duì)諾貝爾藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)沒(méi)有興趣只對(duì)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)金感興趣。考點(diǎn):1、interested:感興趣的,作表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)是“I”;2、 動(dòng)名詞winning the Noble Prize.作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。When I was born, I was so surprised I couldnt talk for a year and a half. 我出生時(shí)當(dāng)我知道自己一年半不能說(shuō)話時(shí)很吃驚。注:一年半不能說(shuō)話是夠郁悶的。考點(diǎn):1、surprised感到驚訝的,主語(yǔ)是“I”,對(duì)比surprising令人驚訝的,主語(yǔ)一般是物。2、when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,是一般過(guò)去時(shí);3、couldn
45、t為cant的過(guò)去式,表過(guò)去沒(méi)有能力;4、介詞for,表一段時(shí)間;5、a year and a half一年半。易混知識(shí)清單一 動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別有些動(dòng)詞后可接不定式作賓語(yǔ),也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),但意義不同,要注意區(qū)分(有些動(dòng)詞如like, hate, love, start, begin等后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞意義差別不大)Stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做某事Stop doing sth.停止做某事When can a mother stop worrying about her delicate vase(花瓶)?When its broken.什么時(shí)候媽媽能不再擔(dān)心她精美的花
46、瓶?當(dāng)花瓶碎了的時(shí)候。 考點(diǎn):1、stop worrying about不再擔(dān)心;2、break, broke, broken分別為動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞。Stop to think about it for a moment.停下來(lái)想一想??键c(diǎn):to think about it作目的狀語(yǔ)。Remember to do sth.記住要做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Remember doing sth.記得曾做過(guò)某事(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)The science teacher lecturing his class in biology said, Now Ill show you this frog i
47、n my pocket. He then reached into his pocket and pulled out a chicken sandwich. He looked puzzled for a second, thought deeply, and said, Thats funny. I distinctly顯然 remember eating my lunch.自然課老師在生物課上說(shuō),“現(xiàn)在你們看看我口袋里這只青蛙”,卻伸手摸出一個(gè)雞肉三名治,他很困惑,認(rèn)真回想著,“真有趣,我明明記得吃了午飯了”??键c(diǎn):1、 remember eating my lunch.記得吃了午飯了,
48、他確實(shí)吃了;2、in biology在生物課上,注意biology前用零冠詞;3、in my pocket介詞用in,表示在口袋里面; 4、show后面跟雙賓語(yǔ):you和this frog;5、into到(口袋)里面;6、pull out拿出;7、Chicken sandwich中chicken是名詞作定語(yǔ);8、look puzzled顯得困惑;9、for a second一會(huì)兒;10、thought為think的過(guò)去式(過(guò)去分詞也為thought);11、Thats funny中that指摸出青蛙這件事;funny有趣的,作表語(yǔ)。場(chǎng)景再現(xiàn):媽媽囑咐兒子:Please rememer to e
49、at your lunch.請(qǐng)記著吃午飯(還沒(méi)有吃)。Forget to do sth.忘記做某事(動(dòng)作未發(fā)生)Forget doing sth忘記做過(guò)某事(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)Im sorry. I bought a book thats supposed to improve my memory - but I keep forgetting to read it.對(duì)不起,我買過(guò)一本書想增強(qiáng)我的記憶力但我老是忘記讀。考點(diǎn):1、forgetting to read it.忘記讀(還沒(méi)讀);2、bought用過(guò)去式是因?yàn)橐郧百I過(guò)那本書;3、thats supposed to improve my m
50、emory為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾book;4、improve my memory增強(qiáng)我的記憶力;5、but連接表轉(zhuǎn)折意思的兩個(gè)句子;6、forgetting to read it.作keep的賓語(yǔ)。Jack, why do you drink so much water?I have just had an apple but I forgot to wash it.Jack, 為什么你喝這么多水?我剛吃了個(gè)蘋果,但我忘了洗了??键c(diǎn):1、 forgot to wash it.忘了洗了(沒(méi)有洗);2、副詞so much修飾不可數(shù)名詞water,注意用much;3、I have just had an
51、apple用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)吃完蘋果,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響;4、代詞it指吃到肚里的蘋果。 I forgot washing the apple.我忘了那個(gè)蘋果洗過(guò)了。(已經(jīng)洗過(guò)那個(gè)蘋果了) Try to do sth.努力去做某事Try doing sth.試著去做某事 What are you doing in front of the mirror and with your eyes shut?Im trying to see what I look like when Im asleep.你閉著眼睛站在鏡子前在干什么?我努力想看看我睡著時(shí)是什么樣。 考點(diǎn):1、trying to see努力看看;2、 what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,;3、doing.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式是表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)
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