2020屆英語(yǔ)高考二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試：題型組合練(二十九)Word版含解析

1、題型組合練（二十九）閱讀理解+閱讀七選五I閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出 最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2019 太原高三模擬）Where there are humans, there are housesparrows .But despite their suggestive species name ， PasserDomesticus they arent officially domesticated.Thebold， tiny andgray-and-brown birds are found on every continent except Anta

2、rcticahopping around cities pecking （啄）at leftover food on sidewalks andsometimes chasing away native bird species .The house sparrows haveadapted to living alongside humans， but this friendly behavior tohumans is legendary .No one knew what set them apart from the otherwild members of the sparrow f

3、amily Looking for a genetic explanation Mark Ravinet，an evolutionarybiologist and his colleagues caught dozens of sparrows at sites acrossEurope .They set up mist nets that harmlessly trapped the birds as theyflew inside measured and tagged the birds drew blood samples andthen released them .Back in

4、 the lab， they sequenced the birdsDNA.They found that the house sparrows genes of many regionsappeared to have experienced positive selectio, helping the birds livealongside humans .The evolutionary process of natural selection mayhave favored genetic changesthat altered their skull shape and allowe

5、dthem to eat food with starch （淀粉）similar to domesticated animalslike dogs .The most significant sign of positive selection in the3birds DNA was found in a region with two known gene：s one is linked toskull development and another helps create the amylase 淀粉酶）, whichhelps break down starch in humans

6、 ， dogs and other domesticatedanimals.Changesto both genes might have helped the house sparrowseat humanc-ultivated foods.Another evolutionary biologist Samuel Andrew says the work is anexciting new step for bird researchers that could answer many questionsabout how sparrow species adapted to differ

7、ent conditions.But he andRavinet agree there may be changes to other genes that were missed inthis initial analys，isyet still helped the birds take advantage ofhumans.“If you live in a major city ，there are more animals around you thanyou realize，” Ravinet says. “They have a history and a story toWh

8、at do we know about the house sparrows from ParagraphThey are domesticated.They are very friendly.They are well-adapted.They are a rare species.What is the purpose of Ravinets research?To experience positive selection.To confirm the species name of house sparrows.To compare house sparrows with other

9、 domestic animals.To genetically explain house sparrows friendly behavior. Why is thetell. 1ABCD2ABCD3amylase important to genetic change?A Because it helps digest starch.B Because all animals can create it.C Because it promotes skull development.D Because it can sequence animals DNA.4 What can we c

10、onclude from the text?A House sparrows history is legendary.B House sparrows take advantage of humans.C The skull shape determines animals evolution.D Positive selection in DNA leads to biological evolution. 體裁： 說(shuō)明文 題材：自然 主題： 家雀的基因與進(jìn)化 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)積極的基因選擇，家雀 適應(yīng)了現(xiàn)在的生存環(huán)境。1 解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第一段中的 “The

11、bold，tiny.on sidewalks”和 “The house sparrows have adapted to living alongside humans”可推知，家雀的適應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)。答案：C2解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第一段中的 “but this friendly behavior tohumans is legendary.No one knew what set them apart from the other wildmembers of the sparrow fa mily ”及第二段第一句中的Looking for a genetic explanation”可推

12、知，Ravinet 的研究的目的是 想從基因上解釋家雀具有友好行為的原因。答案： D3解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的 “which helps break down .eathumancultivated foodS 可知，這種淀粉酶對(duì)基因改變重要 的原因是它有助于消化淀粉。答案： A4.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的 They found that the housesparrows genes of many regions appeared to have experienced positiveselection similar to domesticated animals l

13、ike dog 和 倒數(shù)第 二段中的“the work is an exciting new step for bird researchers that could answermany questionsabout how sparrow speciesadapted to different conditions可推知，積極的基因選擇會(huì)引起生物的進(jìn)化。答案：DB（2019 武昌高三 調(diào)研）Parents complain about their teenagers nosesconstantly in their phonesbut they might want to pay atte

14、ntion to their ownscreen time habits A study out Wednesday from the Pew Research Center found thattwo-thirds of parents are concerned about the amount of time theirteenagechildren spend in front of screens while more than a third expressconcern about their own screen time Meanwhile, more than half o

15、f teens said they often or sometimes findtheir parents to be absent-minded when the teens are trying to have aconversation with them .The study calls teens relationship with theirphones at times hyperconnected and notes that nearly three-fourthscheck messagesor notifications （通知）as soon as they wake

16、 up.Parentsdo the same, but at a lower if still considerable rate 57 percent.Big tech companies face a growing backlastS（烈反應(yīng)）against theaddictive nature of their phones and appsthe endless notifications andother features created to keep people fastened to their screens Many teens are trying to do so

17、mething about it: 52 percent said theyhave cut back on the time they spend on their phones and 57percent did the same with social media.Experts say parents have a big role in their kids screen habits andsetting a good example is a big part of it“. Kids dont always do what wesay but they do as we d，o

18、” said Donald Shifrin，a professor at theUniversity of Washington School of Medicin， e who was not involved in thestudy. “ Parenatrse the door that kids will walk through on their way tothe world. ”The study surveyed 743 US teens and 1，058 US parents of teens fromMarch 7 to April 10.The range of erro

19、r is 4.5 percentage points.5According to the survey， how many parents are concerned abouttheir screen time?AAbout 354.BAbout 317.CAbout 603.DAbout 705.6What does the underlined word “ hyperconnectedi”n Para.3mean?A Interactive.B Undervalued.CNonexistent.DOverdeveloped.7 Who makes it hard for people

20、to fight against phone addiction?AProtective parents.BThe Pew Research Center.CInexperienced teens.DGreedy tech companies.8What does the text suggest parents do about their kids screenhabits?AUpgrade the smart phones.B Criticize kids for bad habits.C Forbid kids from using phones.D Cut down their ow

21、n screen time.體裁：說(shuō)明文 題材：社會(huì)生活 主題： 對(duì)父母和孩子沉溺于手 機(jī)的研究【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 父母總是抱怨他們的孩子太沉溺于手機(jī)，其實(shí)是 他們自身的這種行為影響到了孩子。為了避免孩子對(duì)手機(jī)上癮，父母 自身應(yīng)該首先樹(shù)立好榜樣。5 解析：數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句的 “.while more than a thirdexpress concern about their own screen time 和最后一段中的 “The studysurveyed 743 US teens and，1058 US parents of teens 可 知，這次研究調(diào)查了 1 058 位父

22、母，而他們中超過(guò) 1/3 的人表示對(duì)自己 使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間擔(dān)憂；由此可知1058 書(shū)352.7;又根據(jù) more than”可知，應(yīng)該大于 352，故選 A。答案：A6解析： 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的 “Parents complain about theirteenagers noses constantly in their phones禾口第二段中的 “two-thirdsof parents are concerned about the amount of time their teenage childrenspend in front of screen 都 提至 U 父母擔(dān)憂孩

23、子看手機(jī) 的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)；而畫(huà)線詞所在句又講到青少年一醒來(lái)就先查看手機(jī)的信 息和通知；由此可推知，孩子和手機(jī)之間的關(guān)系是 “過(guò)度聯(lián)系 ”，故畫(huà) 線詞與 D 項(xiàng)意思相近。答案： D7解析： 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，大型科技公司為 了自己的利益，會(huì)不斷研發(fā)使人上癮的手機(jī)功能，故選D。答案： D8解析： 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的 “Experts say parents havea big role in their kids screen habits and setting a good example is a bigpart of it ” 以及 Kids dont always

24、 do what we say but they do as we do”可知，父母對(duì)于孩子看手機(jī)的習(xí)慣有不可推卸的責(zé)任，樹(shù) 立榜樣意義重大；由此可推知，文章建議父母減少自己看手機(jī)的時(shí)間， 故選 D。答案：DC（2019 安徽五校聯(lián)盟質(zhì)量檢測(cè)）While an entire month free ofhomework or tests may sound too good to be tr，uethat is exactly what thestudents at Sturenskolan School in Bode， nSweden were treated to inApril.What

25、s more ， if the results of the experiment prove encouraging，starting 2019， the middle schoolerswill never have to worry aboutafter-school work or tests， aside from the national examinations， whichare compulsive for students across the country.The schools principa，l Petronella Sirkka， who came up wit

26、h theidea， said，“We are constantly receiving new reports that our childrenfeel bad.And thats becausethey have a high level of stress all thetime.This is our way of trying to reduce that stress.”The educator says that while banning homework and tests soundsradical （ 激進(jìn)的 ）， it makes sense given the ch

27、anges in the curriculumand approaches to education.While in the past students were primarilysubjected to memorizing facts， learning today is all about reflection andanalysis.As a result，it is often harder for kids ，especially those with littlesupport at home， to comprehend the material by themselves

28、.Sirkka is not the only one who believes afters-chool work does nothelp students learn.In March 2018，another principal in Canada alsodecided to do away with homework.They hope parents will spend the extratime reading to their kids.While the long-term impact of the recent decisionsmade by the twoeduc

29、ators remains to be see，n the experiment has already provedsuccessful in Finland which has done away with homewor，k grades，andeven teaching by subjectsfor many years.Yet，F(xiàn)innish students alwaysrank high in the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment)tests especially in math and science

30、but they have the least homework！Hopefully，it will only be a matter of time before US educators follow theirlead and ban afters-chool work as well!9 The students at Sturenskolan School had no homework in Aprilbecause_ _A the headmaster was experimenting with her ideaB they needed to do some experime

31、nts during the monthC they were busy preparing for the national examinations D theheadmaster had to carry out the governments policy 10 What makeschildrens learning hard nowadays?A Children have to do more analyzing.B The approach to education is complex.C Children get no support at home and school.

32、D There are many more facts to memorize.11What does Petronella Sirkka most likely advise parents to do?A Help children with their homework.B Free children from after-school housework.C Spend more time reading to their children.D Communicate with teachers from time to time.12 What can we infer about

33、the students in Finland?A They study the hardest at school.B They have a more relaxing school life.C They enjoy great success after graduation.D They all have a talent for math and science.體裁： 說(shuō)明文 題材：學(xué)校生活 主題：取消家庭作業(yè)和考試【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。瑞典一所學(xué)校在四月份取消 了學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)和考試，這是該校校長(zhǎng) Petronella Sirkka 看到學(xué)生 作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)太重而提出的舉措

34、，且芬蘭采取的類似做法已獲成功。9解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“ The schoolsprincipal, Petronella Sirkka, who came up with the idea , 并結(jié)合第 一段的內(nèi)容可知， Sturenskolan 學(xué)校的學(xué)生們?cè)谒脑路輿](méi)有家庭作業(yè) 和考試是該校校長(zhǎng)提出的想法,故 A 項(xiàng)正確。答案：A10.解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第三段第二、 三句“While in the past studentswere primarily subjected to memorizing fac,tslearning today is all abo

35、utreflection and analysis.Asa result, it is often harder for kids, especiallythose with little support at hom,e to comprehend the material bythemselves 可知，在過(guò)去，學(xué)生主要是被要求記住事實(shí)， 而如今學(xué)生需要的是反思和分析。因此,孩子們往往很難自己理解這 些材料。據(jù)此可知，反思和分析讓孩子們的學(xué)習(xí)更加困難。故 A 項(xiàng)正 確。答案： A11. 解析： 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段尾句 “They hope parents willspend the e

36、xtra time reading to their kids ”可推知， Petronella Sirkka 很可能會(huì)建議父母花些時(shí)間為他們的孩子們閱讀，故C 項(xiàng)正確。答案：C12.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一句中的“.the experiment hasalready proved successfulin Finland which has done away with homework,grade, and even teaching by subjects for many years 可 知，多年來(lái)，芬蘭已經(jīng)取消了家庭作業(yè)、成績(jī)等級(jí)，甚至科目教學(xué)。 據(jù)此可推知，芬蘭學(xué)生的學(xué)校生活

37、更加輕松，故B 項(xiàng)正確。答案：BII 閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（20 佃河南五校高三聯(lián)考）For most students writing more clearly andpersuasively presents a great challenge. _1_Few of them , though, focuson filling their essayswith necessaryinformation and details, let aloneorganizing the information In order

38、to make an essay convincing students should know how toselect the necessary information and details. _2_Information that canhelp students clarify and better convey their ideas is certainlyimportant .To figure out what this is, you should make sure youunderstand the theme of the essay._ 3_Suppose you

39、 were asked to write an essay describing a memorableevent in your life .You should start off by thinking about the events youveexperienced, and why a particular event is especially memorable to you._4_While writing the essayyou should constantly remind yourself thatsince the event must be a memorable one, youshould pay attention to describing the details that make it so special._5_Indeed, before you include any information in