(完整word版)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第5冊(cè)答案1-8單元

1、StudyPracticen. Paragraph Analysis1. a 2. c 3. b 4. c 5 .b 6 .c山.Vocabulary Activities1.7)looked(him)up8) no good 9)context1) washed his hands of 2) given3) was confronted with 4) countering9) countered 10) dedication 11) indisgust13) shorts-cuts to1) Without suitable entertainment, these young peop

2、le often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs.2) The school washed its hands of the studentsbehavior during the spring recess.3) His cruel remarks reduced the innocent girl to tears.4) Many difficult words are out of the scope of this learners dictionary.5) The thief admitted his g

3、uilt as soon as he was confronted with the evidence.6) The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time.4.Reading ActivityExercise A1.d 2.d3.b 4.c 5.c 6.c7.d 8.c 9.dUnit11) given2) at a glance 3)fluency4)Given5) hopefully 6) define2.11) immediate 12) disgust13

4、) come across14)recognition15)scope5) were reduced to eating6) at a glance7) took refuge in5) come in6) came across7) has come about8) come off9) come to10) give up11) was given back12) give away13) gave out14)give in15) gives off/out.Cloze1. express2. both3. intended4. still5. where6. personal7. of

5、8.them9. make10. before11. still12. before13. fluent14. while15. enough16. on17. in18. In19. find20. who21. carefully22. to23. possible24. make25. depend26. than27. made28. use29. phrases30. above31. on32. demonstrate 33.out 34. writing1) has come down2) came to 3) comes out4)come up toIVTranslation

6、(省略)10)guidance8) less practicable12) relied on3,V. PassageExercise B1. d 2.h 3. g 4. c5. f 6. a7. j 8. I9. b 10. e1. flexible2. haphazard3. established4. land5. mediocrity6. identical7. assurance8. device9. a host of10. quadrupledUnit 2Study &PracticeII. Comprehension Questions5. b 6. c 7. c 10

7、. aParagraph Analysis: The Outline(Paras. 3-6)III. We are losing this fifth freedom through three misunderstandings.(Para. 4) A. The first misunderstanding is that of the meaning of democracy.1.We think that democracy in education means gearing all courses to the middle level.2.We reject special pro

8、grams and schools for superior students as undemocratic.(Para. 5) B. The second misunderstanding is that of the meaning of happiness.1. This misunderstanding results from our stress on comfort rather than on accomplishment.2. The stress on material well-being has been reflected in the schools by too

9、 little discipline and too easy subjects.(Para. 6) C. The third misunderstanding is that of ultimate values.1. These values have been denied in recent teacher education.2. The inevitable result in mass selfishness is already evident.(Paras. 7-9)IV.To assure our children the freedom to develop, we mu

10、st challenge their abilities. (Para.7) A. we can give them a demandingcurriculum.1.Michelangelo did not learn to paint by doodling.2.Mozart did not become a pianist by watching television.3.They, like Eve Curie and Helen Keller, were challenged by disciplined training.(Para. 8) B. We can give them t

11、he right to failure.1.We must not give high school diplomas without regard to merit.2.We must be realistic about failure to meet standards and must teach our children realism. (Para. 9) C. We can givethem the best values we know.1.We can show them what history has taught us to be true.2.These truths

12、 may inspire us to make a ringing message that could mean true freedom for them.Vocabulary Activities1.1-5 notion, inhabited; denial; independent; realistic; passed for6-10 consequent; a handful of; as opposed to; urged, influential; eternal11-16 descendants; cherish; related; denial, was opposed to

13、; haunted; discerned2.1-14 combat; capabilities; eternal; opposed to; outstanding; stake on; no wonder; In the light of; discern; paralyzed; crying for; were notawakened to; consequent; sensitive to3.1. No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time theyve been abroad.2. Now that sh

14、es got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.3. As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for their need.4. The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedenteddimensions for the United States.5. Even to this

15、 day, the memory of hunger in his childhood still haunts him.6. Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Marys presence.7. The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the oil price.4.4. Translation1.I dont think it is realistic to turn to him for help.2.M

16、ore and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution.3.There are visible signs that some of the age-old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people.4.Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.5.There being so many loopholes

17、 in the laws and regulations, it is no wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight.6.An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only 300people.7.In the light of the information, that country already has the capabil

18、ities to make nuclear weapons.8. Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on high-risk ventures.5. Phrasal Verbs1.Early rising makes for good health.2.I dont know. I couldnt make out the expression on his face.3.Im sorry I cant quite make out what you mean.4.No, she

19、made the whole thing up.5.Well, I have to make up the hour we lost in Chicago.6.I learned from his wife that he had passed away before my letter reached him.7.I think it can pass for silk.8.It says the storm will pass off before dark.9.Well, I passed it on to the manager.10.Perhaps we can pass on to

20、 the next one.11.I think he will pass it over for this once.Cloze1.other 2. magazines 3. consider 4. times 5. answered 6. ways7. questions 8. offer 9. differ 10. for 11. themselves 12. to13. open 14. making 15. so 16. single 17. with 18. Others 19. young20. private 21. than 22. curriculum 23. kinds

21、24. Should 25. amount26. or 27. charge 28. whatReading activity B1.go against the grain2.bent on3.elite4.preoccupied with5.echo6.set in my ways7.on his mind8.get through9.were lingering10.wary ofPrecis writingMore than three centuries ago a few pioneers came to America in search of the freedoms we s

22、till cherish: freedom from want andfear, and freedom of speech and religion. Today we are fighting to protect those freedoms. But there a fifth freedom, basic to thesefour, that we are in danger of losing- the freedom to be ones best.This freedom is in danger because of three misunderstandings. The

23、first is about the meaning of democracy. The second is aboutwhat makes for happiness. The third is about the importance of values. As a result, all our standards have deteriorated alarmingly.To preserve the fifth freedom, we must give our children the most challenging curriculum possible, the right

24、to fail, and the best valuesthat history has taught us.Unit 3Study & Practicen.Comprehension Questions3. c 6. b 9. d 11. b山.Outlining Activity1. The most important psychological discovery of this century is the discovery of the“self-image”.A.Self-image is our opinion of ourselves.B.All of us hav

25、e it and we do not question its validity, but proceed to act upon it just as if it were true.2.This self-image becomes a golden key to living a better life because of two important discoveries.3.The first important discovery is that all our actions, feelings, behavior and abilities are always consis

26、tent with this self-images.A.People tend to act like the sort of person they think themselves to be.B.Self-image is a base upon which their entire personality and behavior are built.C.They are unaware of the true causes of their troubles.4.The second important discovery is that ones self-image can b

27、e changed at any time in his life.A. Up to now our efforts at change have been directed to the circumference of the self instead of the center.B.“Positive thinking”about a particular thing will not help as long as we hold a negative self-image.5.Prescott Lecky is often mentioned because he was a pio

28、neer in self-image psychology.A. He was a school teacher and made experiment on thousands of students to help them Change their self-images.B. He believed that if a student could change his self-image, his learning ability would change too.C.The real trouble with those students was an inadequate or

29、negative self-image.IV. Vocabulary Activities1.1) accordingly 2) credits 3) ideal 4) honorable 5) conceive of6) defect 7) conception 8) premise 9) objective 10) lies in11) have borne out 12) induce 13) vicious 14) venture15) as the case may be2.1) ideal 2) objective 3) negative about 4) honorable 5)

30、 external6) as the case may be 7) premise 8) prevailed upon 9) defects10) accordingly 11) is not consistent/inconsistent with12) a miraculous 13) conceive of 14) verified 15)induce 16)vicious3.1) This medicine is for external use ,not to be taken orally.2) It never occurred to him that people could

31、deliberately do harm to others purely out of malice.3) An atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed at the reception.4) Many women can identify with the movies heroine, who struggles to gain respect and fulfill her ambitions.5) He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contr

32、ibuted very little.6) Women are often the first to victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession.7) What he does is not consistent with what he says.8) I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be.4.1) set up 2) set side 3) set back 4) set out 5) set about 6) set off7)

33、was going on 8) went on 9) go by 10) has gone without11) go after 12) went through with 13)go over14) go into15) went off 16) are going in forV. Cloze.19) certain 20) from 21) from 22) comePassage translationIf you started on some venture and failed, do not despair/ lose heart. There is a world of d

34、ifference between“I have failed threetimes”and“I am a failure.”So long as you do not hold a negative concept of self or identify with failures but try to learn from them, youstand a good chance to succeed in the future. Did it ever occur to you that those who fail repeatedly are often victims of a p

35、oor self-image?Often their failures are due to internal causes rather than external causes. Numerous cases have borne it out that if they can be inducedto change their viewpoint and construct a positive self-image, miraculous changes may take place in their performance. Success cancome anytime-at th

36、irty, forty or even after a lifetime of apparent failure. Early triumphs may be sweet, but success in later life often tasteseven better.Reading ActivityExercises BII.1.transition2.unique3.spontaneous4.status quo5.appropriate6.potentials7.facilitate8.enhance9.rigid10.break away from11.equivalents12.

37、orthodoxWriting practiceSome young people seem to have pessimistic outlook on life. They tend to believe they will never amount to much because theyare not talented in anything whatsoever. Yet I think they are far from justified in feeling that way.These young men and women may have met with failure

38、s at one time or another, consequently they generalize about their abilitiesand aptitudes and conclude that they wont be able to get very far in life. It needs to be pointed out here, however, that generalization isoften dangerous. Just because one fails in one area doesnt mean he will be unsuccessf

39、ul in another. As a matter of fact, there are otheroptions for his life if the path he chooses leads to failure.Furthermore, success belongs to the persevering, as the saying goes. Instead of asking themselves how much genius they havedisplayed, young people should ask themselves how hard they have

40、worked. So long as they persist in their efforts, they are bound to getsomewhere. As is known to all, the early life of many a great man was a mess. Thomas Edisons teacher tried to get him out of the classbecause he was“addled”. Charles Darwins father once shouted:“You care for nothing but shooting

41、dogs and rat-catching, and you willbe a disgrace to yourself and all your family!”But later they responded to the challenge of their lives by great perseverance and successfinally came their way.Obviously no young person need be pessimistic about his future. He has one special advantage over the gre

42、atest man alive- time!Seize the hour! Seize the minute! Its never too late for success.1) as 2) in 3) confirm4) stupid 5) way6) rather 7) that8) out 9) longer 10) how11) from 12) sales 13) to14) continued 15) more 16) still17) not18) self-imageStudy & PracticeIII. Vocabulary Activities1.1) ahead

43、 of the pack 2) priorities 3) permissive 4) be tailored to6) eligible 7) stopped by 8) correlation 9) in between3.1) Harvard, Yale, and Stanford are all exceptional in academic excellence.2) Statistics show that violent crime has been an epidemic in all big U.S. citied.3) Dontyou think high school s

44、tudents are being pushed too hard for good grades.4) Rational persons are most unlikely to go to extremes, for they tend to stick to the middle ground theyve occupied.5) For a team, the most important thing is to have close teamwork ; the rest will take care of itself6) We should be as concerned wit

45、h the development of variety as with the improvement on quality.4.Translation1. Far from being permissive, many parents are putting tremendous pressure on their children to be exceptional in everything.2. Owing to her academic excellence, this Changsha girl has been accepted by several prestigious A

46、merican universities, includingHarvard, Yale and MIT.3. Many parents start their children in piano or violin lessons at ever-earlier ages in hopes that they will become exceptional pianists orviolinists.4. In modern society, clothing styles change yearly. Some are in this year but will be out the ne

47、xt.5. More likely than not, what thisnewparenting idea brings about will besuper problemsrather thansuper kids.6. Young people should be given the opportunity to take the initiative, to take responsibility for their mistakes and credit for theirachievements.7. In my view, he is so weak-willed that h

48、e could hardly give up smoking. To my surprise, he has easily cured himself of this bad habit.8. Demands on students have to be tailored to their interests and abilities.5.1-8 looking forwardto; looked on; look up to/look on; Look out; look up; look into; looked upon as; look down on9-16 look back;

49、Looking through; looked over; looking back on; took off; take to; took on; taken on17-24 tookfor; takes after/took after; took down; taken in; took over; taken up; take in; take upIV. Cloze1-12 just; around; directions; why; major; in; with; language; pairs; makes; to; groups13-25 low-status; hold;

50、skill; purpose; in; out; case; men; where; which; by; from; costV.Error Correction1. tried-managed 2. (in)the(mid-1970s) 3. handwriting-handwritten4. eighth-eight 5. for-/ 6.illterate-literate 7.to-for8. parenting-parental 9. between-of 10. for-toReading ActivityExercise A1.N 2. N 3. Y 4. NG5. in th

51、e college dining hall/went through all sorts of interviewsUnit 45)assumption10)prestigio11) enrich12) Excessive 13) the norm 14) rot15) epidemic16) presume/presumed 17) exceptional18) took charge of2.1) looked upon as2) sprouted up 3) more likely than not 4) presumed5) eligible6) correlation7) take

52、the initiative to8) competence9) tremendous 10) staying ahead of the pack11) exceptional12) self-esteem13) carve out14) involved in6. A full-time job supervising student labor in the dining hall7. settle for a job as a bookstore clerk8. mild irony9. a classicist working in the capacity as a bookstor

53、e clerk10. its about time college graduates from the class of86 started their lucky or unlucky life journey! Or: its about time for collegegraduates from the class of 1986 to start their lucky or unlucky life journey!Exercise B1-10 thrive on; minimal; persisted in; ultimate; aptitude; plight; enthus

54、iastic; otherwise; is/was supervising; inquiries;11-20 entails; simultaneous; desperate for; be taken into account; pursue; prospective; at the mercy of; recession; contagious;unconcerned Writing PracticeThese days, after-school classes for children are very popular in china. The classes cover a diz

55、zying array of subjects and skillssuch as music, dancing, painting, calligraphy, computer, oratory, essay writing, mathematics, and foreign languages-just to name a few.Do children really gain extra benefit from these extra classes? The answer depends very much on whether the children themselveswish

56、 to attend them. If the children uncover some intrinsic happiness because of the lessons, then by nurturing and developing theirtalents, they do learn something. If, however, they are just being compelled by their parents to attend, then very likely everyone ends updisappointed with the final result

57、. All will have been for no gain or pleasure, and ultimately just a waste of time. So while piano lessons maywell be a blessing for one child, they may just likely end up a curse for another.Besides the issue of motivation, parents must also be careful not to over-schedule their child. Some parents

58、try to fill up everyminute of their childs life with so-calledmeaningfulactivities. Weekends get crammed with a variety of supplementary classes, andthe child I rushed from one classroom to another. As a result, he or she is under tremendous pressure, and may even lack adequate sleep,all of which ma

59、y lead to serious mental and physical problems.So, after-school classes have a positive effect only when the child truly wishes to take them and also has enough time and energy totruly commit to them.Unit 5StudyPracticeI. Comprehension Questions3.c 4.d 5.b 7.d 8.d 11.bn. Outlining Activity3. The Chu

60、rch banned Copernicusbook, burned Bruno at the stake and imprisoned Galileo for popularizing Copernicusand his ownscientific ideas.4. Every age has one or more groups of intellectual rebels who are persecuted, condemned or suppressed; but to a later age, they seemharmless and often essential to the improvemen