Unit4Lesson12Grammar,Speaking,Pronunciation

1、grammar & speaking & grammar & speaking & pronunciationpronunciationlesson 12read these sentences and pay attention to although, because, but or so.1. bones are important because they help us move freely. = bones help us move freely, so they are important.2. although we get vitamin d

2、 from food like fish and eggs, we can also get it from the sun. = we get vitamin d from food like fish and eggs, but we can also get it from the sun.read these sentences and pay attention to although, because, but or so.3. bones are hard on the outside, but theyre soft on the inside. = although bone

3、s are hard on the outside, theyre soft on the inside. although, but conj. although的意思是的意思是“盡管，雖然盡管，雖然”，用來引，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在一般情況下可以和導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在一般情況下可以和though互換，但互換，但though比較口語化，而比較口語化，而although較為正式，另外較為正式，另外although的語氣比的語氣比though重。當(dāng)重。當(dāng)although / though引導(dǎo)的從句放引導(dǎo)的從句放在句首時(shí)，主從句之間要用逗號(hào)隔開。在句首時(shí)，主從句之間要用逗號(hào)隔開。 but引引導(dǎo)的從

4、句多放在主句后。導(dǎo)的從句多放在主句后。although & butalthough / though he was tired, he kept on working. 雖然他已經(jīng)累了，但仍然繼續(xù)工作。雖然他已經(jīng)累了，但仍然繼續(xù)工作。he often helps me with my english although he is quite busy. 盡管他相當(dāng)忙，但是還常常幫我學(xué)英語。盡管他相當(dāng)忙，但是還常常幫我學(xué)英語。his office is in new york, but he is often away. 他的辦公室在紐約，但他經(jīng)常不在。他的辦公室在紐約，但他經(jīng)常不在。注

5、意：注意： although和和though引導(dǎo)的從句不能與引導(dǎo)的從句不能與but連用，但可以互換。連用，但可以互換。 如：如： although we are poor, we are still happy. = we are poor, but we are still happy. 我們雖然窮，但是活得很開心。我們雖然窮，但是活得很開心。we can use although / though at the _ (beginning, end) orin the _ (middle, end) of a sentence to introduce a clause and we can

6、 use but in the _ (middle, end) of a sentence. beginningmiddlemiddle( )1. _ she is young, she knows quite a lot. a. when b. however c. although d. unless( )2. he went out without an overcoat _ it was so cold. a. although b. so c. if d. forpracticepracticeca鏈接中考鏈接中考( )1. _ scientists have done a lot

7、of research on a (hin1) flu, there are still some cases for further study. (2009南京南京) a. as b. once c. if d. although 【解析】此題考查連詞的用法。通過句意【解析】此題考查連詞的用法。通過句意, 我我們了解到們了解到科學(xué)家已做了關(guān)于甲流的大量研究科學(xué)家已做了關(guān)于甲流的大量研究是后面主句是后面主句仍有一些病例需要進(jìn)一步研究仍有一些病例需要進(jìn)一步研究的的引出條件引出條件, 表示條件退讓一步。我們應(yīng)選用引表示條件退讓一步。我們應(yīng)選用引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞althou

8、gh, 故選故選d。 d( )2. _ they are very tired, they feel happy because theyve finally finished their project. (2011廣州廣州) a. so b. although c. if d. but【解析】考查連詞。分析句意可知，他們雖【解析】考查連詞。分析句意可知，他們雖然很累，但很快樂，前半句是讓步狀語從句，然很累，但很快樂，前半句是讓步狀語從句，用用although。b( )3. you bought the car about ten years ago? yes. _ its old, it

9、still runs well. (2011湖北黃岡湖北黃岡) a. because b. since c. although d. but【解析】【解析】because意為意為“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤?；since意為意為“既然；自從既然；自從”；although意為意為“盡管盡管”；but意為意為“但是但是”。根據(jù)句意。根據(jù)句意 “盡管它很舊，但是盡管它很舊，但是它仍然跑得很好。它仍然跑得很好。”為轉(zhuǎn)折意思，故選為轉(zhuǎn)折意思，故選c。c( )4. they will try their best in the dragon boat racing _ they may fail. (2011南京南京) a

10、. if b. although c. unless d. until【解析】考查句子的邏輯關(guān)系和連詞的用法。【解析】考查句子的邏輯關(guān)系和連詞的用法。分析句子的邏輯關(guān)系，前后兩個(gè)句子的關(guān)系，分析句子的邏輯關(guān)系，前后兩個(gè)句子的關(guān)系，后半句是讓步狀語從句。后半句是讓步狀語從句。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語，引導(dǎo)條件狀語，although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，unless從屬連詞，從屬連詞，until引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，含有否定意義；引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，含有否定意義；引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間狀語從句。b( )5. _ they have some opposite views, they all t

11、hink chinese medicine is helpful. (2011山西山西) a. until b. although c. since 【解析】連詞的用法?！窘馕觥窟B詞的用法。until意為意為“直到直到為為止止”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；although意為意為“雖雖然，盡管然，盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；since意為意為“自從自從以來以來”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。根據(jù)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。根據(jù)上下文可知選上下文可知選b。b【2012湖北十堰】湖北十堰】_ he is only 12, he often goes to the old peoples h

12、ome to perform plays for the old people as a volunteer. a. if b. since c. though d. because【2012江西】江西】_ the girl is only nine, she takes care of her brother and cooks meals every day. a. if b. because c. although d. ascc【2012山東日照】山東日照】i really enjoyed your speech, _ there were some parts i didnt qui

13、te understand. a. because b. for c. until d. though 【2013 浙江杭州】浙江杭州】i think hes been drinking, _ im not completely sure. a. if b. though c. until d. asdb【2013 浙江湖州】浙江湖州】20. how do you like the sport play? funny, _ the music of it is not so good. a. so b. though c. or d. because【2013 湖北恩施】湖北恩施】 _ our

14、 teacher is ill. _ he still comes to our class to teach us. a. though; but b. though; / c. although; butbb because conj. 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閔e doesnt go to school because he is ill. 他因病沒去上學(xué)。他因病沒去上學(xué)。 he will sell his house because he needs money. 因?yàn)槿卞X，他將出售他的房子。因?yàn)槿卞X，他將出售他的房子。 so conj. “因此因此” ，表結(jié)果，表結(jié)果it was snowing,

15、so i could not go out. 天在下雪，所以我無法外出。天在下雪，所以我無法外出。because & sobecause的用法：的用法： 1. because 表示的原因是必然的因果關(guān)表示的原因是必然的因果關(guān) 系，系，語氣較強(qiáng)，通常放在主句之后，若需強(qiáng)調(diào)則語氣較強(qiáng)，通常放在主句之后，若需強(qiáng)調(diào)則放在主句之前。放在主句之前。2. 通常用來回答通常用來回答 why提出的問題。如：提出的問題。如： - why cant you do it now? 你為什么不現(xiàn)在就做呢你為什么不現(xiàn)在就做呢? - because im too busy. 因?yàn)槲姨?。因?yàn)槲姨Α?. a: le

16、ts see the monkeys first. b: _? a: because theyre interesting. a. why b. what c. where2. please speak loudly _ i cant hear you clearly. a. although b. unless c. because d. butac漢語習(xí)慣上說漢語習(xí)慣上說“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)樗运浴?，但在英，但在英語里卻不能將語里卻不能將 so與與because 連用。但是連用。但是可以與可以與so進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：因?yàn)橄掠?，所以我們呆在家里。因?yàn)橄掠?，所以我們呆在家里。正?/p>

17、正：because it is raining, we stay at home.正：正：it is raining, so we stay at home.誤：誤：because it is raining, so we stay at home.由由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗前面有逗 號(hào)，則可以用號(hào)，則可以用for來代替。但如來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用以推斷，就只能用for。例：。例：he is absent today, because / for he is ill.

18、he must be ill, for he is absent today.he found it very difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. a. and b. for c. but d. ora man cannot smile like a child, _ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. a. so b. but c. and d. for bdjoin the pairs of sentences

19、 with although, because, but or so.1. i exercise once a week. im still not very fit. although i exercise once a week, im still not very fit. = i exercise once a week, but im still not very fit.= im still not very fit although i exercise once a week.2. we always eat a good breakfast. we arent hungry

20、before lunchtime. we arent hungry before lunchtime because we always eat a good breakfast.= we always eat a good breakfast, so we arent hungry before lunchtime. 3. she usually goes to bed early. she doesnt like to be sleepy at school. she usually goes to bed early because she doesnt like to be sleep

21、y at school.= she doesnt like to be sleepy at school, so she usually goes to bed early. 4. he never eats junk food. his brother always does. although his brother always eats junk food, he never does.= he never eats junk food, but his brother does. = he never eats junk food although his brother does.

22、 it was very cold, but he didnt stop working .(改為同義句改為同義句)= _ it was very cold, he didnt stop working.she arrived late for class _ she got uplate. a. when b. because c. so d. afteralthough bdo you often exercise?do you have good life habits?what should we do to keep healthy?write your own health adv

23、ice. include the words because, so, although and but. think about these things. food drink exercise sleep school bonesdont eat before you go to bed so you can sleep better.although im very busy at school, i try to exercise three times a week. eat fruit and vegetables so you can be stronger and healt

24、hier.although i have lots of homework, i never stay up late.we had better drink enough water because it helps us stay healthy.i like playing basketball because playing sports is good for our health.take turns to read your advice to the group. who has the most helpful advice in your group?i think you

25、r advice is the best. dont eat before you go to bed so you can sleep better.（2010成都中考）成都中考）i wont be able to understand what you say, _ you speak too quickly. a. ifb. thoughc. because【2010湖北湖北荊州】荊州】24. why didnt betty come to school yesterday?_ she was ill. abut bthough cif dbecause【2010甘肅甘肅.定西】定西】(

26、 ) 15. she had a stomachache _ she ate something bad. a. so b. because c. or d. although【2011福建莆田】福建莆田】( ) 27. why do you like this tv program?_ its very interesting and exciting. a. though b. because c. so【2011四川宜賓】四川宜賓】29. he didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill. a. because b. because of c. i

27、f d. so 【2012廣西玉林】廣西玉林】29. _ he exercises every day, _ he is very healthy. a. because; so b. because; through c. because; / d. though; /【2012遼寧大連】遼寧大連】11.mark isnt coming to the concert _ he has got too much work to do. a. so b. until c. although d. because【2012 山東臨沂】山東臨沂】23. the family had to stay at hotel, _ it was raining hard. a. because b. although c. until d. unless【2013湖北宜昌】湖北宜昌】26