主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原則之歐陽數(shù)創(chuàng)編

1、主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原則時(shí)間：2021.03.02創(chuàng)作：歐陽數(shù)就近一致原則也稱“鄰近原則” “就近一致原則”，即：謂語與靠近 的名詞、代詞(有時(shí)不一定是主語)在“人稱、人數(shù)”上 一致。一、在正式文體中：1. 由下列詞語連接的并列主語："there be+句型；or either. . . or;nor;neither. nor;whether. or;not. . . bu t;not only. b ut also” 等。Eg.(1) What he does or what he says does not concernme.他的行為或言談與我無關(guān)。(2) Neither you

2、 nor I am wrong.你和我都沒錯(cuò)。(3) Not you but your father is to blame.不是你，而是你的父親該受責(zé)備。(4) Not only you but (also) he is wrong.不僅你錯(cuò)了，他也錯(cuò)了。2. 在倒裝句中，謂語可與后面第一個(gè)主語一致。Eg. (1) In thedistance was heard the clapping ofhands and theshouts of the people.在遠(yuǎn)處,能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲。(2) There is(are) a pen and some books on thedesk

3、.桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。非正式文體中: 有時(shí)依“就近”和“意義” 一致的原則；但語法上，“noone”才是主語，謂語要改成“agrees”?！皩懽髦小?一般 要依“語法一致”原則。總結(jié)：英語就近原則短語1. There be 句型 There is a book and some pencilson the desk.=There are some pencils and a bookon the desk.2. Neither nor. Neither you nor he isright.二Neitherhe nor you areright.3. either. or. Either

4、they orJimis going toShanghai nextSaturday.=Either Jim ort heyare going toShanghai nex tSatu rda y.4. not only. . but alsoNot only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only Ann' s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.就遠(yuǎn)原則謂語動(dòng)詞與前面主語一致代表詞匯：as well as; (together/along)w

5、ith;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;inadditiontot from例子：He rat her t han I is righ t.Nobody but two students is in the classroom主謂一致一、當(dāng) 主 語 后 面 與with, aswellas, but, except, like,:ratherthan,nolessthan, besides, including等+名詞或代詞連用時(shí),謂 語動(dòng)詞與第一個(gè)主語保持一致。1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of

6、 her class,visiting a museum when the earthquakestruck.A. was B. were C had been D. would be2A library with five thousand booksto thenation as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered3. E-mail, as well as telephone,an important partin daily communication.A. is playing B.have pla

7、yed C. are playingD play4. Nobody but Janethe secretA. know B. knows C. have known D. is known5. A11 but onehere just nowA. is B. was C. has been D. were二、當(dāng) either or. ;ne it her. . . nor ;not only. . . but also.等連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持 一致。6. Either you or the headmasterthe prizes tothese gifted stude

8、nts at the meeting.A. was handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD is to hand out7. Not only I but also Jane and Marytired ofhaving one examination after anotherA. isB. areC. amD. be三、當(dāng)“the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系 代詞在定語從句屮作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 形式，當(dāng)“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關(guān)系代詞在 定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞

9、用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8. He is the only one of the students whoa winnerof scholarship for three yearsA. is B. are C. have been D. has been9. She is one of the few girls whoin thekindergarten.A. is well paidB.are well paidC. is paying wellD.are paying well四、當(dāng) news, means, ma ths, plas ti cs, physics 等在形式上 是復(fù)數(shù)概念，而在意義

10、上是單數(shù)概念的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂 語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。10. Every possible meanstopreventthepollution, but the sky is still not clearA. is used B. are used C has been used D have been used五、當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù) 取決于of后面名詞的數(shù)。11. of the land in tha t distrcitcoveredwith trees and glass.A. Two fifth;isBTwo fifth;areC. Two fifths;isD. Two fifths;ate六、the number of.（.的數(shù)目）短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)a number of.（許多.）短語作主語 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。12. The number of people invitedfifty, but anumber of themabsent for different reasonsA. were;was B. was;was C. was;was D. were;wer