汽車構(gòu)造(英文版)(共3頁)

1、Principal Components(汽車主要組成部分)Today's average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment.現(xiàn)代汽車有超過15000個零件組成，分成幾個必須在一起工作的功能部分。主要包括4個功能部分：引擎，車身，底盤和電控。 引擎Engine引擎

2、1、The engine acts as the power unit. 引擎為汽車提供能源。2、 The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. 一般是內(nèi)燃機：通過在引擎缸內(nèi)燃燒液體燃料獲得能量。3、There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called

3、a compression-ignition engine). 引擎有兩種：汽油機和柴油機。4、Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.車身兩種引擎都叫熱機。燃燒的燃料產(chǎn)生大量大熱，熱量使缸內(nèi)的氣體產(chǎn)生大的壓力，通過連桿使曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)。Bod

4、y車身An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern a

5、ppearance for the vehicle.底盤車身有窗戶，門，蓋，內(nèi)飾等組成，它為發(fā)動機，乘客及貨物提供空間和保護。車身的設(shè)計要讓乘客安全并乘坐舒適。對于乘用汽車，車身要動感，色彩絢麗，現(xiàn)代化。Chassis底盤The chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating part of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems.底盤是一個組合體，主要由汽車的操縱部

6、分，傳動系統(tǒng)，懸架，轉(zhuǎn)向部分，制動系統(tǒng)組成。1、Transmission systems conveys the drive to the wheels. The main components are clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, final drive, and differential.傳動系統(tǒng)用來驅(qū)動車輪。主要有離合器，變速箱，驅(qū)動軸，最后驅(qū)動和差速器組成。2、Suspension absorbs the road shocks.懸架主要用來吸收路面沖擊。3、Steering controls the direction of the movement.轉(zhuǎn)向

7、系統(tǒng)控制汽車的行駛方向。4、Brake slows down the vehicle.電氣系統(tǒng)制動系統(tǒng)使汽車停下來。Electrical   Equipment電氣系統(tǒng)1、The electrical system supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heater, and starter. 電動統(tǒng)系主要為點火系統(tǒng)，喇叭，燈，加熱器，及啟動系統(tǒng)提供電能。2、The electricity level is maintained by a charging circuit. 電壓通過一個電路保持恒定。3、This c

8、ircuit consists of the battery, alternator (or generator).這個電路有電池，發(fā)電機組成。4、The battery stores electricity. The alternator changes the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery.電池儲存電能，發(fā)電機把引擎的機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，給電池充電。New WordsPrincipal component   主要部件category   種類

9、，類型body   車身chassis   底盤layout   布置power unit   動力裝置internal combustion engine   內(nèi)燃機cylinder   汽缸gasoline   汽油spark   火花ignition   點燃，點火diesel   柴油機compression   壓縮shaft   軸transmission   傳動系sheet metal   金屬板shell   外殼hood   （發(fā)動機）罩trunk deck   行李艙蓋cargo   貨物styling   樣式assembly   總成，裝配suspension   懸掛，懸置shock   沖擊steering   轉(zhuǎn)向，操縱brake   剎車，制動器clutch   離合器gearbox   變速器driveshaft