初中英語情態(tài)動詞講解練習(xí)及答案

1、.情態(tài)動詞一、 考點、熱點回顧【詞匯辨析】1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:sometimes:有“時 ” =at times. He is sometimes late for school.some times:幾次“ ”I have been to Nanjing some times.sometime:某“一時刻 ” I bought it sometime last spring.We ll meet again sometime next week.some time:一“段時間 ” We have to stay here f

2、or some time.2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many 修飾可數(shù)名詞，much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞；都表示許多。例如：許多書許多牛奶(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 " 有一點兒 " ，側(cè)重于肯定，相當(dāng)于"some" ，但 a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，例如：He has a few friends in London.-Would you like some coffee?-Yes, just a little.(3)few 和 little

3、 表示 " 幾乎沒有 "，側(cè)重 否定 。 few 后接可數(shù)名詞，little 后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.Hurry up, there is little time left.【固定搭配】 加 -ingbe busy doing sth.忙于做eg: Mother is busy cooking.look forward to + doing sth.期待做eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.Thank you for (doing) sth

4、.為了感謝你eg: Thank you for your help.have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.=have a good time doing stheg: I had a good time playing in the water.have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困難eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.【情態(tài)動詞】又叫情態(tài)助動詞。它們具有以下特點 ：

5、 它們必須與其他動詞連用，即：情態(tài)動詞動詞原形表示說話人對所述動作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或懷疑等。 絕大多數(shù)情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s（以 be 和 have 開頭的情態(tài)動詞短語除外）。 在意義上，情態(tài)動詞具有“多義性 ”。例： can 既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允許等意義?！厩閼B(tài)動詞的基本用法】1. can 的基本用法：;. 表示體力或智力上的能力，即“能夠，會 ”，可與 be able to 轉(zhuǎn)換。例： He can speak English. = He is able to speak English. Can you play basketball? N

6、o, I can t.如果表示 將來 具備的能力，要用will be able to。例： If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示許可 ，主要用于口語，書面語一般用may。例： Can we go home now, please? No, you can t.You can only smoke in this room.You can tkeep the library books for more than a month. 表示“ 可能 ”，與 may 同義，但一般用在疑問句中。例： What can h

7、e possibly want?在否定句中，否定形式cant表示推測 “不大可能 ”。例： Anybody can make mistakes.The news can tbe true.與第一、二人稱連用時，還可以就可能的解決問題的方式或可能的行為提出建議 。在這里，也可用 could 使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn) 。例： Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我們可以再見面嗎？ What shall we do? 我們怎么辦呢？ We can / could try asking Lucy for help. 我們可以請露茜幫忙試試看。You can / could h

8、elp me with the cooking.你可以幫我做飯。2. may 的基本用法 : 表示“ 許可 ”，用 can 比較口語化。例： You may / can come if you wish.如果你想來，你就來。You may not pick flowers in this park.本公園內(nèi)不許摘花。（ may not 表示按規(guī)定不許可，如果用mustnt則表示說話人不許可。） May I smoke here? 我可以在這里抽煙嗎？ No, you mustn t不.行。（ mustn t表示明確的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推測，“可能”。例： It may rain tomor

9、row.明天可能會下雨。The news may not be true.這個消息可能不會是真的。注意：如果 在疑問句中表示“可能”，通常用can 。例： Can it be true?那會是真的嗎？Who can he be?他究竟是誰呢？ 【注意】 ： May I/we ？ Yes, you may ./ No, you mustn t.3. must 的基本用法 : 表示必須 ，強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀意志。例： I must go now, or Ill be late.;.You must be here by ten o clock.【注意】：表示“必須“時，must 的否定式為needn

10、t，或 don thave to,而不是 mustnt。也就是： Must I/we do it now ？ Yes, you must . No, you needn t/don thave to .例： Must I go with them? No, you. 表示推測 ，一般只用于肯定陳述句 ,表示非?？隙?。例： She didn t look at me. Shemust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生氣了。He is good at English. He must know the word.他英語好，準(zhǔn)知道這個詞。You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是瓊

11、斯先生吧。4. have to 的基本用法：have to 可視為情態(tài)動詞，但它與其他情態(tài)動詞在用法上稍有不同。其他情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而 have to 卻有人稱和數(shù)的變化 ，要視主語的不同而變化。例： I / You / We / Theyhave to .He / She / It has to .You don havet to .Does she have to ?have to=have got to ，意思是“ 必須，不得不”。和 must 不同之處： must 強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀需要have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。例： Sorry, I have to leave now.對不起，

12、現(xiàn)在我得走了。Ive got to go to a meeting.我得去參加一個會議。Will he have to work deep into the night?他將不得不工作到深夜嗎？5. need 的基本用法：need 的基本詞義是“需要 ”，它既可作情態(tài)動詞，又可作實義動詞。 need 用作 情態(tài)動詞 時，只用于否定句和疑問句。它只有一種形式，后接動詞原形。例： I don t believe youneed worry. 我相信你沒有必要焦急。 Need we go so soon? 我們需要這么早就去嗎？ Yes, we must . / No, we needn t.是的，

13、必須。不，不必。So I needn ttell him, need I?所以我不需要告訴他，對吧？請比較以下兩句話的不同意思：You needn t buythe coat.你沒有必要買那件外衣。（你還沒買）You needn t have boughtthe coat.你沒有必要買這件外衣的。（而你卻買了）【注意】 ： NeedI/we？Yes， you must ./ No, you needn t/don thave to . need 用作實義動詞時，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。如果 人作主語 ，一般后接帶 to 的動詞不定式。即 need to do sth ；如果 物作主語 ，一般后

14、用 need to be done 或 need doing sth 。例如： I need to look up this word in the dictionary.;.My watch needs mending /to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。We don t needto work today.(= We needn twork today.)Does he need to go right now?(= Need he go right now?)6. had better的基本用法：had bette r 常略作 d better?，F(xiàn)代語法認(rèn)為它是一個助動詞，

15、因為它后接不帶to 的動詞不定式。had better do sth意思是 “最好做某事；還是做某事比較好”。例： You d betterget some sleep. 你最好睡一會兒。You d better notdo that again.你最好別再做那件事。What had we better do now?我們現(xiàn)在怎么做才好呢？Hadntwe better tell her the truth?我們是否最好不告訴她真相?【注意】： Youdbetter .表示勸告或委婉的命令，對長輩不宜使用。7. could, should, would, might表示推測： . must 多用

16、于肯定句中表示把握性極大的推測,意思為 “一定、肯定 ”。如 : You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。The book must be his. His name is on the cover.這本書一定是他的,封面上寫著他的名字?！咀⒁狻縨ust 不表推測時 ,在肯定句中意思為“必須 (強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在的職責(zé)) ”,在否定句 中意思為 “不許、禁止 ”,以它開頭的疑問句否定回答常用neednt或 dont (doesn t) have。to如 :We must obey the traffic rules.

17、 我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。Cars mustn t be parked here此處.嚴(yán)禁停車。 Must we hand in the papers this week? 我們必須本星期交論文嗎? No, you needn 不t,.你們不必 ( 本星期交 )。 . can / could 多用于 否定句、疑問句或感嘆句 中表示 推測、懷疑 ,兩者在時間上沒有差別。用can 時不相信的程度更強(qiáng)一些, cant常常譯為 “不可能 ”。如 :The man under the tree canTomtbe. He s gone to England這.個人不可能是Tom,他已經(jīng)去英國了。Can i

18、t be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy?他被一個五歲的孩子愚弄了,這能是真的嗎 ?Could this be an excuse? 這會不會是個借口?How can you be so careless! 你怎么這樣粗心! .may / might 多用來表示 把握性不大的推測 ,意思為 “也許、可能 ”, might比 may 的把握性更小一些。 may not 在否定句中常常譯為 “可能不 ”。(注意區(qū)分 “不可能 ”與 “可能不 ”在把握性大小上的差異。 )如 :Mr. Wang may know Professor Li

19、s telephoneumbern.王先生也許知道李教授的電話號碼。This might be the key Tom has been looking for. 這可能就是湯姆一直在找的鑰匙。She may not be there today. 今天她可能不在那兒。二、 典型例題【中考鏈接】（ ）1 Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li? No, it _ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.A. mustntB. may noC. can tD. needn t（）2 Must I go with them tomorro

20、w ？ No， you _.A. mustn'tB. shouldn'tC. needn'tD. can't;.（）3 _ I take some photos in the hall? No, you _.A. Can, needn tB. M ust, mustn t C. Could, won t D. May, mustn t （ ）4 Dad, must I finish my homework today? No, you _. You may do it tomorrow.A. needn tB. mustn tC. don tD. won t（）

21、5 The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It _.Look, some kids are swimming in it.A. must be trueB. can t be trueC. may not be true（）6 What is your mother going to do this Saturday? I m not sureShe. _ go to see my grandmother.A. canB. mustC. may（）7 Susan has bought a large house with a swimming po

22、ol. It _ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. mustB. mightC. can tD. shouldn t（）8 Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall? No, itbe him. He has gone to Japan.A. needntB. may notC. mustntD. can t（）9 Let s go to the West Hill Park by taxi. Oh, it is not far away from here

23、. We _take a taxi.A. couldn tB. mustn tC. needn tD. can t（）10 Can you play the piano? Yes, I _. I often practice it on weekends.A. needn tB. needC. can tD. can三、課后練習(xí)一、用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. You _ return the library book on time.2. I _ (not) find the way to the hospita

24、l. _ you show me the way?3. _ I finish the work right now? No, you _ (not). You _ do it later.4. He said he _ (not) come tonight.5. Her mother was ill. She _ stay at home and look after her.6. It s time for class. You _ stop playing football or you _be late for class.7. We _ start right now, or they

25、 would get there first.8. The cloud is lifting, so it _ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.二、選擇填空（）1. Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you _.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need（）2. Must I be in hospital for a week ， Doctor?;. No， you. You can go back home tomorrow.A.mustn tB. needn tC. must（

26、）3. The desk is not dirty. You _clean it.A. mustn tB. shouldn tC. needn tC. can t（）4. May I watch TV for a while？ No, you _. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn tB. needn tC. mustn tD. won t（）5. Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? No, it _be her. She_ to Japan.A. mustn t;has go

27、neB. mustn t ;has beenC. can t ;has goneD. can t ;has been（）6. Its the library! So you_ know shouting is not allowed here.A. canB. mustC. needD. may（）7. Boys and girls, dont forget your report . It _ today.A. can t ishfinB. can t be finishedC. should finishD. should be finished（）8. Mr Smith must hav

28、e been to your home this morning. No, he _ ,because he didn t know my address.A. couldn tB. can tC. mustn tD. may not（）9. Must I mop up the window now? No, you_.A.needn tB. can tC. shouldn tD. mustn t（）10. Is Lucy knocking at the door? No. It _ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. needn tB. mustC. can t（

29、）11. Another cup of coffee? No, thanks. I _ be off. Mary is waiting for me.A. canB. mayC. mustD. might（）12. I m a little tired. Lets go to the zoo by taxi. Wetake a taxi. It s not far from here.A. can tB. mustn tC. couldn tD. needn t（）13. If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its very d

30、angerous.A. don tB. mustn tC. needn tD. wouldnt（）14. Must I finish watering the flowers now? No, you_.A. mustB. won tC. needn tD. can t（）15. I can t give up smoking, doctor. For your health, I m afraid you _.A. mayB. canC. have toD. must（）16. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be r

31、ather cold sometimes.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would（）17. Our class won the English speaking contest. Congratulations! You _ be very proud of it.;.A. canB. needC. wouldD. must（）18. Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting? I m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. Heknow.A. canB. mayC. ne

32、edD. shall（）19. _I borrow these magazines? Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.A. MustB. WouldC. MayD. Need（）20. If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its dangerous.A. don tB. needn tC. mustn tD. wouldnt;.典型例題例 1 答案C分析：表示否定的猜測用cant。 must 表示推測時，意為“一定 ”，只能用于肯定句，而must的否定 m

33、ust not（ mustn't ）表示 “不應(yīng)該 ”、 “不許可 ”、 “不準(zhǔn) ”、 “禁止 ”等。例 2 答案C 分析：在回答帶有must 的問句時， 否定式常用need not (= needn't) ，表示 “不必 ”，而不用 must not，因為 must not 表示 “不可以 ”。例 3 答案D分析：本題第一句是請求對方的允許，需要用May ，其否定式為mustnt。例 4 答案 A。對于以情態(tài)動詞 must 提問的疑問句，否定回答要用 “No, 主語 +neednt，”故由問句中的 must 和答句中的 No 可選 A 。例5答案B例6答案 C例 7答案 A 考查情態(tài)動詞 must 表示