初中英語被動語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、Passive voice被動語態(tài)基本用法被動語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動作的是動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時，時，謂語謂語的形式是的形式是主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的。當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動作的是動作的承受者承受者時，謂語要用時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出表現(xiàn)出來。來。be + Vp.p(動詞的過去分詞）動詞的過去分詞）1)be 動詞可以隨時態(tài)和人稱的變化動詞可以隨時態(tài)和人稱的變化而變化而變化am/ is / are + Vp.p(過去分詞）過去分詞）was/ were+ Vp.p(過去分詞）過去分詞

2、）will be + Vp.p(過去分詞）過去分詞）情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be + Vp.p (過去分詞）過去分詞）1.1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)1)一般情況在動詞原形后一般情況在動詞原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不發(fā)音以不發(fā)音e e結(jié)尾的加結(jié)尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以輔音加以輔音加y y結(jié)尾的，變結(jié)尾的，變y y為為i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed-edst

3、op-stopped2.2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring. 主謂賓(受動者)Treesare planted byhim改為被動語態(tài)in spring.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣：賓語提前主語變，賓語提前主語變，原主變賓原主變賓by后見，后見，時態(tài)人稱時態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵關(guān)鍵。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(受動者受動者)The room will be cleanedby Tom

4、 tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主（執(zhí)行者）謂謂賓賓(承受者承受者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.1.They make shoes in that factory.主語主語+及物動詞及物動詞+賓語賓語Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +Vp.p2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought

5、(by them) last term.一般過去時：一般過去時：S+was/were + Vp.p3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+ Vp.p各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：You are invited to do this.2）一般過去時：一般過去時：The story was told by her.3）一般將來時：一般將來時：The problem will be

6、discussed tomorrow.4)情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 時態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 V(原形原形)/ V(e)s am/is/are +Vp.p一般過去時一般過去時 V-ed/ madewas/were +Vp.p一般將來時一般將來時 will +V(原形原形)will+ be +Vp.p現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has+ Vp.phave/has+ been+Vp.p含情態(tài)動詞含情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ V(原形原形)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ b

7、e +Vp.p各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：一般過去時：一般將來時：一般將來時：過去將來時：過去將來時：現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時：過去進行時：過去進行時：現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時：過去完成時：過去完成時：情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：S+ am/is /are +Vp.pS+ was/were + Vp.pS+ will+ be+ Vp.pS+ would +be+ Vp.pS+ am/is/are + being + Vp.pS+ was/were+ being+ Vp.pS+ have/has + been+ Vp.pS+ had +been+ Vp.p

8、S+ 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be+ Vp.p 何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：執(zhí)行者時。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語中含有三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有有人說人說”、“大家說大家說”等時。例如：等時。例如： It is s

9、aid that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that 四、漢語中含有四、漢語中含有“被被”、“由由”等詞時。等詞時。例如：例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫來的。叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born in Oc

10、tober，1989 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）變被動語態(tài)）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to ret

11、urn the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees

12、at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.The

13、teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This

14、 medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _? is studiedIs talked by them1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night.

15、2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell.3) English _ (speak) in China.4) The car _ (make) in China.5) The room must _ (clean) every day. be allowedwas inventedis spoken is madebe cleaned( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die.A. must water B. can be wateredC. should water D. must be watered( ) Many com

16、puters will _ to our school.A be bring B be brought C bring4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時：一般將來時：S+ will+be+ Vp.p5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時： S+ am/is/are + being + Vp.p6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+ Vp.p7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me)