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1、第 1 頁動詞時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的基本概念一般現(xiàn)在時的基本概念一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習慣性的動作的時態(tài)。常見的標志詞(時間狀語)主要有:every, sometimes, at, on Sundays, uauslly often, never, always 等。一般現(xiàn)在時的結構一般現(xiàn)在時的結構be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時主語 + Be 動詞 + 其他成分I am a boy.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時主語 + 行為動詞 + 其他成分We study English.一般現(xiàn)在時的具體形式一般現(xiàn)在時的具體形式be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時1.第一人稱單數(shù) I+amI am a studen

2、t. 2.第二人稱單數(shù) you 和其他人稱復數(shù) we/you/they+areYou are a lucky girl.We are students in this school.3.第三人稱單數(shù) he/she/it+isShe is my teacher.例題:用 be 動詞的適當形式填空。1.I from China. 2.It very hot today.3.They in the hospital.4.We good students.5.She a beautiful girl.答案:1.am,主語是第一人稱單數(shù)形式。2.is,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。3.are,主語是第三人稱復

3、數(shù)形式。4.are,主語是第一人稱復數(shù)形式。5.is,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時1.第一、二人稱單數(shù) I/you 和其他人稱復數(shù) we/you/they+動詞原形I get up at 8 oclock.They go to school everyday.2.第三人稱單數(shù) he/she/it+實義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式It runs fast.He studies hard.例題:一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時第 2 頁用說給單詞的適當形式填空。1.We home every day.(go)2.Trees green in spring.(turn)3.He very hard.(s

4、tudy)4.The boy up at seven Oclock.(get)5.The earth round the sun.(move)答案:1.go,句子主語 we 為第一人稱復數(shù)形式。2.turn,trees 為名詞復數(shù)形式,動詞用原形。3.studies,主語 he 為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞需要加 s,且study 為特殊變化,需要去 y 變 i 加 es。4.gets,句子中主語 the boy 為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞需要加 s。5.moves,the earth 作為世界上獨一無二的事物,在句子中做主語時需要當成第三人稱單數(shù)形式。補充:主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞的變化規(guī)

5、則:狀況變化規(guī)則發(fā)音例詞一般情況加-s清輔音后讀【s】濁輔音和元音后讀【/】swim-swims;help-helps;like- likes以 o 結尾的詞加 -es讀【z】go-goes;do-does以 s,sh,ch,x 等結尾的詞 加 -es 讀【iz】watches以輔音字母+y結尾的詞變 y 為 i 再加 es 讀【z】study-studies不規(guī)則變化動詞變 have 為 has 變 be 為 am, is, arehave-has be-am, is, are第 3 頁一般現(xiàn)在時的句型變化一般現(xiàn)在時的句型變化be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句肯定句He is a worker.

6、否定句否定句主語 + be 動詞 + not + 其他He is not a worker. 一般疑問句一般疑問句Be 動詞 + 主語 + 其他-Is he a worker? -Yes, he is. / No, he is not. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句 Where is he? 例題:寫出下列句子中所缺的 be 動詞,并用肯定及否定形式回答。1.- your father a teacher?-Yes, . No, .2.-they in the room?-Yes, . No, .答案:1.-Is your father a teacher?-Yes, hei

7、s. No, heisnt.2.-Are they in the room?-Yes, theyare. No, theyarent.寫出下列句子的否定句。1.I am at home.2.Mr. Li is a professor.答案:1.I am not at home.2.Mr. Li is not a professor.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句肯定句I like bread.He often plays.否定句否定句主語+dont/doesnt+動詞原形I dont like bread. He doesnt often play. 一般疑問句一般疑問句Do/Does+主語+動詞

8、原形Do you like bread? 第 4 頁Yes, I do. / No, I dont.Does he often play?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句疑問詞+一般疑問句What do you like?Where does he often play?例題:將下列句子改寫為否定句。1.I have lunch at school.2.They play basketball on the playground.3.Mr. Zhang knows French.答案:1.I dont have lunch at school.主

9、語為第一人稱單數(shù)形式,直接在動詞前加 dont。2.They dont play basketball on the playground.主語為第三人稱復數(shù)形式,直接在動詞前加 dont。3.Mr. Zhang doesnt know French.主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,在肯定句中動詞需要加 s,變?yōu)榉穸ň浜?,在動詞前加doesnt,動詞用原形。注:特殊疑問句在疑問句部分進行練習。一般現(xiàn)在時的基本用法一般現(xiàn)在時的基本用法1表示人或物的特征He is a doctor.The dog is white and black.2. 表示習慣性或經(jīng)常性的動作,常及 always, often, u

10、sauylly, seldom, everyday, sometimes, weekends,Mondays 等表示時間及頻率的詞連用。I leave home at 6 oclock everyday.Tom always play football after school.We usually go to school by bus on Tuesdays.3.表示永恒不變的事實或真理Beijing is the capital of China.The snow is white.例題:用說給單詞的適當形式填空。1.He (have) blue eyes.2.We (go) to sc

11、hool everyday.3.We (have) no classes on weekends.4.She (write) a letter to her friend once a week.5.Tom (ride) a bike to school.6.Peter and Mary often (play) badminton together.7.Practice (make) perfect.答案:1.Has,主語第三人稱單數(shù),表示人物的的特征,用一般現(xiàn)在時。第 5 頁2.Go,表示習慣性的動作,主語為第一人稱復數(shù)形式,動詞用原形。3.Have,表示習慣性的動作,主語為第一人稱復數(shù)形

12、式,動詞用原形。4.Writes,表示經(jīng)常性的動作,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞需要加 s。5.Rides,表示經(jīng)常性的動作,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞需要加 s。6.Play,Peter 和 Mary 兩個人共同作主語,且句子中有一般現(xiàn)在時的時間詞 often,動詞用原形。7.Makes,表示真理用一般現(xiàn)在時,熟能生巧作為人們認可的普遍真理,所以本句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,名詞 Practice作主語,作為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,動詞加 s。一般將來時的基本概念一般將來時的基本概念一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài),或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。一般將來時由助動詞 shall(第一人稱),

13、will(第二、三人稱)+動詞原形構成。一般將來時的結構一般將來時的結構主語 + will/ shall + 動詞原形 + 其他部分 We shall play this afternoon. He will have a lesson after lunch.一般將來時的具體形式一般將來時的具體形式第一人稱 I/ we + shall + 動詞原形I shall be school in 10 minutes.We shall go to Beijing for our summer holiday.其他人稱單復數(shù)+will+動詞原形Tomwill go swimming tomorrow.

14、Youwill get well soon.Theywill come back this afternoon.例題:用說給單詞的適當形式填空。1.I (go) to the USA tomorrow.2.We (visit) her new week.3.The pilot (fly) to China the month after the next.4.It (take) us a long time to learn English well.5.He (be) there at seven tomorrow morning.答案:1.will go/ shall go,主語為第一人稱

15、單數(shù),tomorrow 作為將來時的標志詞,所以本題時態(tài)為一般將來時。2.will visit/ shall visit,主語為第一人稱復數(shù), next week 作為一般將來時的時間詞,本題時態(tài)為一般將來時。3.will fly,主語 the pilot 為第三人稱單數(shù)形式,但一般將來時不用區(qū)分人稱,并且 the month after the next 譯為下個月,所以時態(tài)為一般將來時。4.will take,本題沒有明顯的時間詞,但通過句意可以看出一般將來時一般將來時第 6 頁學習英語將要用很長的時間,所以時態(tài)為一般將來時。5.will be,通過 tomorrow morning 可以

16、看出本題時態(tài)為一般將來時,一般將來時不區(qū)分人稱,但 will 后應該用動詞原形,所以答案為 will be一般將來時的句型變化一般將來時的句型變化肯定句肯定句They will go to park this Sunday.否定句否定句主語+will+not+動詞原形They will not go to park this Sunday.一般疑問句一般疑問句Will+主語+動詞原形-Will they go to park this Sunday?-Yes, they will. / No, they will not.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句Where will they

17、 go this Sunday?例題:按要求改寫句子。Sam will move into new house next year.1.(改寫為否定句)2.?(改寫為一般疑問句)3.?(改寫為特殊疑問句)答案:1.Sam will not move into new house next year.2.Will Sam move into new house next year?3.When will Sam move into new house?注釋:改寫為特殊疑問句時,可根據(jù)句子的不同部分進行改寫。Sam will move into new house next year. Who w

18、ill move into new house next year? Sam will move into new house next year.Where will Sam move into next year?Sam will move into new house next year.When will Sam move into new house?一般將來時的用法一般將來時的用法1.一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。I will(shall) get there tomorrow. Will you be free next weekend? We wont (shant) b

19、e busy this evening. 2.在以第一人稱 I 或 we 作主語的問句中,一般使用 shall,這時或是征求對方的意見,或是詢問一個情況Where shall we have a meeting? Shall we have computer class tomorrow?3.be going to +動詞原形,這個形式常用于表示打算,計劃和安排好的事情第 7 頁We are going to have a trip next year.How are you going to spend your weekend?例題:選擇正確的答案。( ) 1. He very busy

20、this week, he free next week.A. will be, is B. is, is C. will be, will be D. is, will be( ) 2. There a meeting tomorrow.A.was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 3. -Where is the paper? -I it for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 4. He him a beautiful bag n

21、ext birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give( ) 5. He in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back答案:1.D,本題 有兩個時間詞 this week 和 next week,前半句用一般現(xiàn)在時,說明的是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),后半句用一般將來時,說明下一周的情況。2.B,will 和 be going to 都可用來表示將來時,但 be going to 含有計劃好、安排好的意思,

22、因此,本題答案為 is going to have 。3.D,本題需要根據(jù)句意進行選擇,目前沒有紙,需要去拿,從時間上對于現(xiàn)在一定是之后做的,因此,應該用一般將來時。4.D,從句以上年理解,下一個生日要送的禮物,一定是計劃好的,因此,用 be going to 的表達更為合理。5.C,in three days 譯為三天后,時態(tài)應該采用一般將來時,同時,從所給的四個選項上看,只有 C 選擇的形式是正確的?,F(xiàn)在進行時的基本概念現(xiàn)在進行時的基本概念表示此時此刻正在進行的動作或事情。 “正在進行時”的事件,可能發(fā)生幾年了,也可能只有幾分鐘。仍在進行中這是“正在進行時”的關鍵所在。它是一件持續(xù)進行的事

23、情?,F(xiàn)在進行時的結構現(xiàn)在進行時的結構主語 + be 動詞 + 動詞 ingHe is swimming.They are playing.現(xiàn)在進行時的具體形式現(xiàn)在進行時的具體形式第一人稱單數(shù) I +am+動詞 ing現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時第 8 頁I am reading a story book.I am practing.第二人稱單數(shù) you/ 各人稱復數(shù) we/ you/ they+are+動詞 ingThey are doing homework.We are playing games.第三人稱單數(shù) he/ she/ it+is+動詞 ingHe is cleaning the hou

24、se.Tom is playing basketball.例題:將下列句子改成現(xiàn)在進行時1. Tom can speak Japanese.2. We have lessons. 3. I watch TV every day. 4. She works in a factory.5.Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve. 答案:1.Tom is speaking Japanese.2.We are having lessons.3.I am watching TV now.4.She is working in a factory.5.Kitty

25、and Ben are having lunch now.注釋:1.在改寫句子的過程中,首先需要根據(jù)每句話的主語的單復數(shù)確定 be 應該采用的形式,加在主語的后面,然后找出句子中的動詞,將動詞改寫為動詞 ing 形式,最后將所給句子的時間詞改寫為現(xiàn)在進行時的時間詞。牢記現(xiàn)在進行時的結構:主語+be 動詞+動詞 ing 形式。2.動詞 ing 變化規(guī)則形式例詞直接+ ingsleep+ing-sleeping去掉不發(fā)音的 e+ingbite-e+ing-biting重讀閉音節(jié),且末尾只有 1個輔音字母,雙寫輔音字母+ingsit+ t+ing sitting特殊變化die-dying, lie-

26、lying 現(xiàn)在進行時的句型變化現(xiàn)在進行時的句型變化肯定句肯定句Boys are playing football on the grass.否定句否定句主語+be 動詞+not+動詞 ingBoys are not playing football on the grass.一般疑問句一般疑問句Be 動詞+主語+動詞 ingAre boys playing football on the grass?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句第 9 頁特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句Where are boys playing football?例題:按要求改寫句子。1.Lee is swimming in the sea

27、.(改寫為否定句)?(改寫為一般疑問句)?(改寫為特殊疑問句)答案:Lee is not swimming in the sea.Is Lee swimming in the sea?Where is Lee swimming?2.They are having English class.(改寫為否定句)?(改寫為一般疑問句)?(改寫為特殊疑問句)答案:They are not having English class.Are they having English class?What are they doing?一般將來時的用法一般將來時的用法1.表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情(說話時正在進行

28、)My father is reading newspaper now.Look! Girls are singing and dancing.2.表示當前一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作(說話時不一定正在進行)We are learning computer this month.They are writing fairy tales this term.選擇填空。1. She is _ (run, running) now.2. Look, Nick is _ (coming, come).3. Listen, she is _ (singing, sing).4. The fish is _

29、(swimming, swim) in the river.5. They are _ (sitting, sit) in the classroom.答案:1.running,now 為現(xiàn)在進行時的時間標志。ing,look 為現(xiàn)在進行時的時間標志。3.singing,listen 為現(xiàn)在進行時的時間標志。4.swimming,從題目中找不出現(xiàn)在進行時的時間標志,但根據(jù)現(xiàn)在進行時的結構可以知道應該用現(xiàn)在進行時。5.sitting,從題目中找不出現(xiàn)在進行時的時間標志,但根據(jù)現(xiàn)在進行時的結構可以知道應該用現(xiàn)在進行時。一般過去時的基本概念一般過去時的基本概念一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或

30、狀態(tài);過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時一般過去時第 10 頁一般過去時的結構一般過去時的結構Be 動詞的一般過去時主語 + be 動詞過去式 + 其他成分She was in Beijing last year.實義動詞的一般過去時主語 + 實義動詞過去式 + 其他成分We went to school yesterday.一般過去時的具體形式一般過去時的具體形式Be 動詞的一般過去時第一人稱 I / 第三人稱單數(shù) he/ she/ it+wasHe was a teacher.第二人稱單數(shù) you / 各人稱復數(shù) we/ you/ they+wereYo

31、u were the best students in our class.They were late the day before yesterday.例題:例題:用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1.I at school just now.2.He at the summer camp last week.3.They students two years ago.4.Liming ten years old last year.5.There a pear on the desk yesterday.答案:答案:1.Was,主語為第一人稱單數(shù),將 am 變?yōu)檫^去式 was2.Was,主語為

32、第三人稱單數(shù),將 is 變?yōu)檫^去式 was3.Were,主語為第三人稱復數(shù),將 are 變?yōu)檫^去是 were4.Was,主語為第三人稱單數(shù),將 is 變?yōu)檫^去式 was5.Was,there be 句型中根據(jù)橫線后的名詞的單復數(shù),a pear為單數(shù)形式,將 is 變?yōu)檫^去式 was實義動詞的一般過去時各人稱單/ 復數(shù)+動詞的過去式We visited my grandparents last week.My mother gave me a new pen.例題:用動詞的適當形式填空1.He (live) in Beijing 3 years ago.2.The dog (eat) a bir

33、d last night.3.We (have) a party last year.4.I (make) a model plane with my father yesterday.5.They (play) the piano last night.6.His father (read) a newspaper last night.答案:1.Lived,3 years ago 作為一般過去時的時間標志詞,說明本句應該用一般過去時,live 為特殊變化,需要加 d 變?yōu)閘ived2.Ate,時間詞 last night 說明本句應該用一般過去時進行表達,eat 為不規(guī)則變化,應變?yōu)?at

34、e第 11 頁3.Had,時間詞 last year 說明本句應該用一般過去時進行表達,應把 have 變?yōu)?had。4.Made,yesterday 作為一般過去時的時間詞,因此,在句子中應把 make 變?yōu)?made。5.Played,last night 作為一般過去時的時間詞,應在所給詞play 后加 ed,變?yōu)檫^去式 played6.Read,read 的變化形式較為特殊,過去式及原形同形,但在讀音上應讀成red。注:一般過去式變化規(guī)則:規(guī)則變化:動詞詞尾加 edwork-worked,play-played以不發(fā)音的-e 結尾的動詞,動詞詞尾加-dlive-lived,move-m

35、oved以輔音字+y 結尾的動詞,把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-edstudy-studied,try-tried以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞,雙寫詞尾輔音字母,再加-edstop-stopped,plan-planned不規(guī)則變化go-went,make-made,buy-bought,come-came,fly-flew一般過去時的句型變化一般過去時的句型變化Be 動詞的一般過去時肯定句肯定句He was very busy yesterday.否定句否定句主語+be 動詞過去式+not+其他成分He was not very busy yesterday.一般疑問句一般疑問句be 動詞過去

36、式+主語+其他成分Was he very busy yesterday?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句Why was he very busy yesterday?例題:句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.It was boring.否定句一般疑問句肯定回答,否定回答特殊疑問句2.They were very excited yesterday.否定句一般疑問句肯定回答,否定回答第 12 頁特殊疑問句答案1.It was not boring.Was it boring?Yes, it was. No, it wasnt.Why was it boring?2.They were not very ex

37、cited yesterday.Were they very excited yesterday?Yes, they were. No, they werent.Why were they very excited yesterday?實義動詞的一般過去時肯定句肯定句He had a new car.否定句否定句主語+did+not+動詞原形+其他成分He did not have a new car.一般疑問句一般疑問句Did+主語+動詞原形+其他成分Did he have a new car?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句What did he have?例題:句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.T

38、hey sang songs in the classroom last night.否定句一般疑問句肯定回答,否定回答特殊疑問句2.Sara went to see her grandparents last week.否定句一般疑問句肯定回答,否定回答特殊疑問句答案:1.They did not sing songs in the classroom last night.Did they sing songs in the classroom last night?Yes, they did. NO, they didnt.Where did they sing songs last night?2.Sara did not go to see her grandparents last week.Did Sara go to see her grandparents last week?Yes, she did. No, she didnt.When did Sara go to see her grandparents.注:在一般過去時的否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句中,需要將過去式變?yōu)閯釉~原形。第 13 頁一般

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