1993考研英語真題

1、1993 年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題1. the board deemed it urgent that these files _ right away. a. had to be printed b. should have been printed c. must be printed d. should be printed 2. the local health organization is reported _ twenty-five years ago when dr. audon became its first president. a. to be set up

2、 b. being set up c. to have been set up d. having been set up 3. the school board listened quietly as john read the demands that his followers _ for. a. be demonstrating b. demonstrate c. had been demonstrating d. have demonstrated 4. ted had told me that he always escapes _ as he has got a very fas

3、t sport car. a. to fine b. to be fined c. being fined d. having been fined 5. more than one third of the chinese in the united states live in california, _ in san francisco. a. previously b. predominantly c. practically d. permanently 6. prof. lees book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.

4、 a. that you have observed b. that how you have observed c. how that you have observed d. how what you have obs4erved 7. all fights _ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train. a. were canceled b. had been canceled c. having canceled d. having been canceled 8. the new secretary has writ

5、ten a remarkably _ report only in a few pages but with all the details. a. concise b. clear c. precise d. elaborate 9. with prices _ so much, its hard for the company to plan a budget. a. fluctuating b. waving c. swinging d. vibrating 10. expert say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _

6、healthy. a. preserve b. stay c. maintain d. reserve 11. expected noises are usually more _ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude. a. manageable b. controllable c. tolerable d. perceivable 12. it isnt so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _. a. above all b. in all c. at

7、 all d. after all 13. there is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees _ what constitutes a benefit to an individual. a. on b. with c. to d. in 14. all the information we have collected in relation to that case _ very little. a. makes up for b. adds up to c.

8、comes up with d. puts up with 15. a really powerful speaker can _ the feelings of the audience to the fever of excitement. a. work out b. work over c. work at d. work up 16. before the students set off, they spent much time setting a limit _ the expenses of the trip. a. to b. about c. in d. for 17.

9、according to the psychoanalyst sigmund freud, wisdom comes form the _ of maturity. a. fulfillment b. achievement c. establishment d. accomplishment 18. from the tears in nedras eyes we can deduce that something sad _. a. must have occurred b. would have occurred c. might be occurring d. should occur

10、 19. you can arrive in beijing earlier for the meeting _ you dont mind taking the night train. a. provided b. unless c. though d. until 20. hardly a month goes by without _ of another survey revealing new depths of scientific among u.s. citizens. a. words b. a word c. the word d. word 21. if you _ j

11、erry brown until recently, youd think the photograph on the right was strange. a. shouldnt contact b. didnt contact c. werent to contact d. hadnt contacted 22. some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which _ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they a

12、re mature. a. deprives b. restricts c. rejects d. denies 23. i must go now. _ , if you want that book ill bring it next time. a. incidentally b. accidentally c. occasionally d. subsequently 24. there is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _ they can limit how much water you drink.

13、 a. much more than b. no more than c. no less than d. any more than 25. though _ in san francisco, dave mitchell had always preferred to record , the plain facts of small-town life. a. raised b. grown c. developed d. cultivated 26. most electronic devices of this kind, _ manufactured for such purpos

14、es , are tightly packed. a. that are b. as are c. which is d. it is 27. as for the winter, it is inconvenient to be cold, with most of _ furnace fuel is allowed saved for the dawn. a. what b. that c. which d. such 28. achieving a high degree of proficiency in english as a foreign language is not a m

15、ysterious _ without scientific basic. a. process b. practice c. procedure d. program 29. we cannot always _ the wind, so new windmills should be so designed that they can also be driven by water. a. hang on b. count on c, hold on d. come on 30. the storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause

16、_ of vegetables in the coming days. a. rarity b. scarcity c. invalidity d. variety . each of the passages below is followed by some quetions. for each question there are four answers marked a,b,c, and d. read the passages carefully and choose the answer to each of the questions. then mark your answe

17、r on the answer sheet by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (30 points) 1 is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? judging from the drastic experiment of frederick in the thir- teenth century, it may b

18、e. hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent. all the infants died before the first year. but clearly there was more than lack of language here. what was missing was good mothering. without good mothering, in the first year o

19、f life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected. today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by frederick. nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is p

20、rogrammed to learn language rapidly. if these sensitive periods are neglected , the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. a bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.

21、 experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high iq. at twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak sim- ple words a

22、nd understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. at three he knows about l ,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar. recent evidence suggests that an infant is born

23、 with the capacity to speak. what is special about mans brain, compared with that of the monkey, if the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattem toy-bear . and even more incredible is the young brain s ability to pick out an order i

24、n language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyse, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways. but speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child , where the mother recognizes the signals in the child s babbling ( 咿呀學語 ) , grasp

25、ing and smiling, and responds to them. insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. sensitivity to the child s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language. 31 . the purpose

26、of frederick iis experiment was_ a. to prove that children are born with the ability to speak b. to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech c. to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak d. to prove that a child could be damaged w

27、ithout learning a language 32. the reason some children are backward in speaking is most probably that_ a. they are incapable of learning language rapidly b. they are exposed to too much language at once c. their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speak d. their mothers are not intell

28、igent enough to help them 33 . what is exceptionally remarkable about a child is that a. he is born with the capacity to speak b. he has a brain more complex than an animals c. he can produce his own sentences d. he owes his speech ability to good nursing 34. which of the fonowing can not be inferre

29、d from the passage? a. the faculty of speech is inborn in man. b. encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learning. c. the child s brain is highly selective. d. most children learn their language in definite stages. 35. if a child starts to speak later than others, he will a.

30、have a high iq b. be less intelligent c. be insensitive to verbal signals d. not necessarily be backward 2 in general , our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic ( 官僚主義的 )management in which man becomes a small , well-oiled cog in the machinery. the oiling is done w

31、ith higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and human-relations experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become power- less, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. in fact , the blue-and the

32、 white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of au- tomated machines and bureaucratic management . the worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction

33、 or interest in life. they live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human exis- tence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. their lives are no less empty than those of their

34、 subordinates. they are even more insecure in some respects. they are in a highly competitive race. to be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. when they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixtur

35、e of submissiveness and independence. from that moment on they are tested a- gain and again-by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along , etc. this constant need to prove that one is as good as or bett

36、er than one s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. am i suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of productionor to nine- teenth-century free enterprise capitalism? certainly not. problems are never solved by returning t

37、o a stage which one has already outgrown. i suggest transforming our social system from a bu- reaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities- those of love a

38、nd of reason-are the aims of all social arrangements. production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. 36. by a well-oiled cog in the machinery the author intends to render the idea that man is a. a necessary part of the society though each

39、individuals function is negligible b. working in complete harmony with the rest of the society c. an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothly d. a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly 37 . the real cause of the anxiety of t

40、he workers and employees is that a. they are likely to lose their jobs b. they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life c. they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence d. they are deprtved of their individuality and independence 38. from the passage we can infer that real

41、 happiness of life belongs to those a. who are at the bottom of the society b. who are higher up in their social status c. who prove better than their fellow-competitors d. who could keep far away from this competitive world 39. to solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should

42、 a. resort to the production mode of our ancestors b. offer higher wages to the workers and employees c. enable man to fully develop his potentialities d. take the fundamental realities for granted 40 . the authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of _ a. approval b. di

43、ssatisfaction c. suspicion d. tolerance 3 when an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or patent it. a granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and

44、the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly (壟斷) and publishes full details of his in- vention to the public after that period terminates. only in the most exceptional circumstances is the lifespan of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events. the longest extens

45、ion ever granted was to georges valensi; his 1939 patent for color tv re- ceiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent s normal life there was no colour tv to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention. because a patent remains permanently public after it has ter

46、minated, the shelves of the li- brary attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for any- one to use and , if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. indeed, patent experts of- ten advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting

47、 a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor s right is to plagiarize a dead patent. likewise , because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other

48、 areas of print. much modern techno- logical advance is based on these presumptions of legal security. anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most new ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. it is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedica

49、tion , or through the availability of new technology, that makes news and money. the basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886. many of the original ideas behind television originate from the late 19th and early 20th century. even the volkswagen rear engine car was anticip

50、ated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear. 4t . the passage is mainly about a. an approach to patents b. the application for patents c. the use of patents d. the access to patents 42. which of the following is true acoording to the passage? a. when a patent becomes out of effect, i

51、t can be re-patented or extended if necessary. b. it is necessary for an inventor to apply for a patent before he makes his invention public. c. a patent holder must publicize the details of his invention when its legal period is over. d. one can get all the details of a patented invention from a li

52、brary attached to the patent of- fice . 43 . george valensis patent lasted until 1971 because a. nobody would offer any reward for his patent prior to that time b. his patent could not be put to use for an unusually long time c. there were not enough tv stations to provide colour programmes d. the c

53、olour tv receiver was not available until that time 44. the word plagiarize (line 8 , para. 5) most probably means _ a. steal and use b. give reward to c. make public d. take and change 45. from the passage we learn that a. an invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced to commercia

54、l practice b. products are actually inventions which were made a long time ago c. it is much cheaper to buy an old patent than a new one d. patent experts often recommend patents to others by conducting a search through dead patents . for each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four

55、choices marked a, b, c, and d. choose the best one and mark your answer on the answer sheet by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. ( 15 points) although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture , its development into a specialized field is really quite recent.

56、 interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be (46) in a single large building. the importance of interior design becomes (47) when we realize how much time we (48) surrounded by four walls. whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be

57、( 49) attractive and comfortable as possible. we also expect (50 ) place to be appropri- ate to its use. you would be (51 ) if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look (52) the inside of a restaurant. and you wouldn t feel (53 ) in a business office that has the appearance of a schoo

58、l. it soon becomes clear that the interior designer s most important basic (54) . is the func- tion of the particular (55 ) . for example , a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping aualitles , and (56) few entries and exits will not work for ( 57) purpose , no matter how beautifully it mi

59、ght be ( 58) . nevertheless, (59) for any kind of space, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. (60) addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture , according to the functions that need to be served. 46. a. consisted b. contained c. composed

60、d. comprised 47. a. obscure b. attractive c. appropriate d. evident 48. a. spend b. require c. settle d. retain 49. a. so b. as c. thus d. such 50. a. some b. any c. this d. each 51 . a. amused b. interested c. shocked d. frightened 52. a. like b. for c. at d. into 53. a. correct b. proper c. right