2022年2022年初中英語三大從句-總結(jié)

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載一.賓語從句object clause：一. 定義 definition：在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句；二. 連接詞 connections：that:i think that you can pass the exam. whether/if: i dont know what the word means. “wh ”:i dont know what the word means.i dont know where he found the book.只用 whether 的情形：1. 與 or not 連用：i dont kno

2、w whether its raining or not.2. 與動(dòng)詞不定式連用：he doesnt know whether to accept the invitation.3. 連接詞前有介詞時(shí)：it depends on whether he is coming.三. 時(shí)態(tài) tenses:1. 主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),從句依據(jù)實(shí)際情形而定各種時(shí)態(tài)均可 she wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài),從句用相應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)；1） she said that she was a student.2） she said th

3、at she would fly to japan in a week. 3）she said that she had finished her homework already.3. 假如賓語從句說的為客觀真理.自然現(xiàn)象或事實(shí)時(shí),這時(shí)賓語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；the teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.二.定語從句attributive clause ：1. 定義：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞.代詞的從句叫定語從句2. 先行詞指人who /that先行詞指物which/ that3. 定語從句一般緊跟被修飾的名詞或代詞（即先行詞）后4.關(guān)系代

4、詞代替先行詞在句子中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分,所以從句中不行再顯現(xiàn)其他代替先行詞的代詞5.翻譯方法“ . 的”eg.1. yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand.2. the students who are from maple leaf school like learning english.whom: 先行詞指人, 就代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語（包括介詞的賓語） 、與 who 的區(qū)分為假如前面帶介詞就必需用whom1. this is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. i do

5、nt like the boy to whom you are talking.whose : 指人或物,作定語,表示“ 的”eg: harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載關(guān)系代詞只能that的特別情形 :1.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)：this is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)：this is the most exciting film that i have ever seen.3.

6、 先行詞為不定代詞something、 anything等時(shí).e.g.is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行詞為人和物時(shí) 、 用 that.e.g. he talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行詞被 all 、 little 、 the only 、 the very就為,正為 、 the last 等詞修飾時(shí) 、只能用 thate.g.this is the last place that i want to visit.6. 特別疑

7、問句以 who 或 which 開頭,只能用 that 引導(dǎo).who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前使用介詞時(shí)：物+介詞+which ;人+介 詞 + whom當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前使用介詞時(shí)：e.g.1. this is the train by which we went to beijing.2. this is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.三.狀語從句： adverbial clauses定義：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句,它可以用來修飾謂語（包括

8、非謂語動(dòng)詞）.定語或狀語,或?yàn)檎麄€(gè)句子；狀語從句一般分為八大類時(shí)間狀語從句 地點(diǎn)狀語從句緣由狀語從句 目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句 條件狀語從句方式狀語從句 讓步狀語從句1. 時(shí)間狀語從句when-當(dāng)時(shí)候 、 通常指某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn),主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；when i opened the window、 i saw him come up.when -正在的時(shí)候,突然；通常主句為進(jìn)行時(shí)或be about to 時(shí),在翻譯的時(shí)候, when 可以譯成沒想到或突然；i was walking along the street 、 when i met him.when 當(dāng)從句為進(jìn)行時(shí),主句為一般

9、時(shí),往往表示不滿；someone knocked at the door when i was having breakfast. when=afterwhen the children had gone to bed、 she began to prepare her lessons.while - 在期間,往往指一段時(shí)間；while we were in america、 we saw him twice.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載while - 表示一種不滿心情,意思為這邊在干某種重要的事,而另一邊在享受等；we are cleaning the cl

10、assroom while they are playing the football.as - 一邊一邊、 隨著she was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.as - 當(dāng)時(shí),指一個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生,從句通常用進(jìn)行時(shí)；as i was going out、 it began to rain.the moment - 一就=as soon as 、 immediately、-did you remember to give mary the money you owed her.-yes、 i gave her t

11、he moment i saw her.notuntil -直到才精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載he didn t leave the office unhteilbefore - 在之前finished the work.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載the passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.after -在之后the customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the

12、ticket agent.since -自從、 通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)i have never been there again since i graduated from the university. it is just a week since we arrived here.as soon as -一就jack went to school as soon as he got well.no sooner than - 一就精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載no soonerthan hardlywhen scarcelywhen用于 句首要求倒裝精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料

13、 - - - 歡迎下載no sooner had he arrived than he went away again.once-一但就once you see him、 you will never forget him.every time、 each time 每次 whenever 每當(dāng)each time he came to town、 he would visit our school.2. 條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞有: if 假如、 unless除非、 as long as只要、 as so far as - 據(jù)所知,in case萬一、 provided that 假如

14、、 on condition that如為,以為條件if - 假如if you don t hurry 、uypou will miss the plane.unless - 假如不 、 除非=if not精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載we can t get there on time unlewsesas long as - 只要book the earliest flight精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載we will succeed as long as we keep on trying.as so far as - 據(jù)所知as far as i kn

15、ow、 he speaks english very well.in case - 假使、 假如the plane cannot take off in case it rains.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載provided that 假如、有時(shí)省略thatthe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.on condition that - 條件為he said that he would come to the meeting on condi

16、tion that no one asked him to speak.注:主從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來時(shí),就主句用將來時(shí)、 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；if he arrives tomorrow、 i will be waiting for him at the airport.3.地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句只有兩個(gè)連詞: where、 wherever where -在地方where there is a will、 there is a way.wherever -無論哪里wherever you are、 i will be right there waiting for you.4.緣由狀語從句be

17、cause、 as、 since、 now that、和 considering that、 seeing that 這六個(gè)連詞都用于表示表示緣由 、 但在語氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱.because - 由于 、通常從句放在主句后 .mr smith was very upset becausehe couldn t find his lugg.ageas - 由于 、 通常放在句首as he is honest and modest、 all his friends like him.since -既然因語氣較弱 、 常譯為既然 眾所周知的緣由 since everybody has come、 w

18、e can set off.now that -既然now that you are here、 you can join us.considering that - 顧及到considering that they are just beginners、 they are doing quite a good job.seeing that - 由于seeing that quite a few people were absent、 we decided to put the meeting off.5.結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：that、 so that、 sothat su

19、chthatsothat -太以至于 so 后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞 、 有時(shí)省略 so只用 thatboeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb噴氣炸彈 .so that - 因而,以便,為了有時(shí) so 可以省去speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.suchthat- - 太以至于用法與 sothat相同,但 such 后面應(yīng)用名詞；the foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that no

20、body could understand him.6.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的主要連詞有: that、 so that、 in order that、 for fear that、 lest so that - 以便、 從句中經(jīng)常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如：can、 could、 may、 might、精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載should等let s take the front seats so twhaet may see more clearly.in order that -為了、 與 so that相同從句中經(jīng)常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 如：can、

21、 could、 may、 might、 should等school was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.for fear that -生怕;為了防止 某事發(fā)生 he took the name down for fear that he should forget it.in case-萬一you should bring a dictionary in case you need it.lest - 以防萬一the man decided to tell his boss t

22、he fact lest he would be angry with him.7. 讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：although、 though、 as、 even if、 even though、 no matter、 however、 whatever、 while、 whether.although、 though -雖然 although和 though 可以互換,但 although 常放在句首； though 可以用于倒裝；although it was raining、 the plane managed to take off. though he did his best、 he didn t succeed.as - 盡管as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),句子通常倒裝；可與though 互換；busy as he is、 he never misses a football