動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)教案

1、動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)教案 徐紅平2012-90 / 14動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)目標：1. 掌握英語的八種基本時態(tài)和幾種?？紩r態(tài) 2. 了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點時態(tài) 3. 區(qū)分并正確運用幾種易混時態(tài)一、英語的常見時態(tài)：一般進行完成完成進行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時過去完成進行時將來一般將來時將來進行時將來完成時/過去將來過去將來時/練兵場 穩(wěn)操勝券1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 1820.A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has

2、taken答案 A解析: 飛機、火車等按時刻表運行，表達時用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She_before.A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying答案 C解析: hadnt flown動作發(fā)生在was nervous之前。3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months andthen went to

3、 America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working答案 A解析: 考查一般過去時的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個發(fā)生在過去的順承的動作，時態(tài)應該一致。4. - Your job _ open for your return.- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep   C. had kept D. had been kept答案 A解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時歡迎你回來工作

4、”可知用將來時。5. - _ you _ him around the museum yet?- Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have; shown B. Do; show    C. Had; shown D. Did; show答案 A解析: 此處表示說話者詢問對方“有沒有帶領他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。6. - I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.- Impossible. She _ TV with me in my

5、home then.A. watched B. had watched   C. would watch D. was watching答案 D解析: 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點鐘在公園看見簡和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她當時正在我家和我一起看電視?！贝颂帟r間狀語為then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指過去某一時間點正在進行的動作，故應用過去進行時態(tài)。7. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time.A. sold B. had been sold   C. were sold

6、D. would sell答案 C解析: 由“were so.”可知此處用一般過去時態(tài)；flowers應該是“被賣光”，故用被動形式。8. - Whats that noise?- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.A. was tested B. will be tested   C. is being tested D. has been tested答案 C解析: 根據(jù)一對一的問答可知，“機器正在被檢測”，故選C項。9. In a room above the store，where a party _, some work

7、ers were busilysetting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held   C. will be held D. is being held答案 A解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。根據(jù)“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷，聚會還沒舉行，應用將來時態(tài)，且整個句子用了過去時，故用過去將來時態(tài)。10. - I have got a headache.- No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long.A. work B

8、. are working   C. have been working D. worked答案 C解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由“I have got a headache”可知，空處應用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作“從過去開始持續(xù)至今且還會進行下去”，體現(xiàn)過去開始的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。二、熱點時態(tài): 一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時，過去進行時 1. I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cannot find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked2. - The window is d

9、irty. - I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating4. - Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He

10、_ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done5. - Have you decided already? - Yes, I_ at once. - Yes, I_ already. A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided三、易混時態(tài)辨析:1.一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時1). Listen to the two girls by the window. What language _ they _ (speak)?2). I _ ping-pong

11、 quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year.A. will play B. have played C. played D. play一般現(xiàn)在時指經(jīng)常性，習慣性的動作；而現(xiàn)在進行時則表示此刻或近一段時間正在進行的動作。2. 一般過去時和過去進行時1). He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; ha

12、d finished D. wrote; will finish 過去進行時表當時正在進行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài)。2). As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 長動作在進行時,被一個短動作打斷,長動作用進行體,短動作用一般體。一般過去時表示一個已經(jīng)完成的動作或過去習慣性的動作，過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的動作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。3. 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時1). I _ (l

13、ive) there for six years when I was a kid.2). He _ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A. has lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living3). When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgo

14、tten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten二者所表示動作均發(fā)生在過去。一般過去時僅指動作在過去發(fā)生了，對現(xiàn)在沒有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時的動作雖發(fā)生在過去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍然存在。四、 挑戰(zhàn)高考 信心滿滿1. Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off   C. has taken off D. took off答案 B解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。動詞go，come，lea

15、ve及詞組take off等用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。2. John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he _ for the wedding.A. will plan B. has planned   C. would plan D. had planned答案 D解析: plan表示的動作發(fā)生在spend這一過去動作之前，故應該用過去完成時。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3 000美元，超過了原計劃。3. - Did you see a man in

16、black pass by just now?- No, sir. I _ a newspaper.A. read B. was reading   C. would read D. am reading答案 B解析: 由just now判斷應用過去時態(tài)，又由語境“穿黑衣服的人路過時，我正在看報，所以沒看見他”知空處要用過去進行時。4. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago.A. are going B. had been   C. went D. have be

17、en答案 C解析: 句中several years ago是一般過去時的標志。5. - Have you got any job offers?- No. I _.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting答案 D解析: 句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？”“沒有，我正在等著?！庇矛F(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表示正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。6. When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had

18、arrived D. will arrive答案 B句意: 當你到家的時候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了。解答：根據(jù)選項此題考察時態(tài)。此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。 句意為“當你到家的時候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項使用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成，譯為“已經(jīng)”。同時也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來也可以用will + do表示將來，因此A和D同時排除，C為過去完成時，使用過去完成時時句中一定要有一般過去時，過去完成時是過去的過去，因此C也排除，選擇B.7. - Tommy is planning to buy a car.- I know. By nex

19、t month, he _ enough for a used one.A. saves B .saved C. will save D. will have saved答案 D解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“Tommy將計劃買車。我知道，到下個月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了。”by next month是將來完成時的標志，全句表示在將來next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動作，對將來的時間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。故選D。8. - That must have been a long trip.- Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking答案 C解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為