江西閱讀理解解析PPT課件

1、考察項目及解題策略 （1）細節(jié)題。在中考閱讀理解中，大部分題目屬于細節(jié)理解題，旨在考查考生對某個具體事實或某個具體情節(jié)，或?qū)δ硞€特定的細節(jié)是否理解，有的答案可從所提供的閱讀材料中直接找出；有的答案是短文中某個句子或經(jīng)過改寫的句子；有的則需要結(jié)合上下文提供的信息進行簡單的分析，概括，甚至計算，最后得出正確答案。例如：（09年江西中考）B篇第69題。第1頁/共17頁（09年江西中考）B篇 Two months ago,I went to Australia for a meeting with my workmate,Chris.We decided to drive across country

2、 to Brisbane after the meeting ended.The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert(沙漠). The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each others jokes.By the third day of driving in the desert,we began to get bored.We had been quiet for a few hours w

3、hen Chris saw some kangaroos(袋鼠).We were both excited and decided to get a closer look.Chris drove very quickly to catch up with the kangaroos.We got closer and closer-too close -when we heard a loud BANG! Chris stopped the car and we got out.Behind the car was a large kangaroo lying completely stil

4、l(不動的) on the ground.Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his base ball cap on its head.He tool off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket.Then,he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together.I took out my camera.While I was fo

5、cusing(調(diào)整焦距) the camera,I saw the kangaroo move.It suddenly woke up,and ran away before we could do anything. I started laughing but Chris looked very seriuos.He said his wallet was in the jacket.I started laughing even harder.I stopped laughing,however,when he said that our car keys were also in th

6、e jacket!結(jié)果第2頁/共17頁 69.How long was the drive going to take according to their plan? A.One day. B.Four days. C.Half a month D.Two months.key words 找讀（09年江西中考）B篇第3頁/共17頁考察項目及解題策略（2）詞匯句意題?？疾閮?nèi)容多為名詞、動詞、詞組甚至句子。英語中很多單詞和詞組在不同的語言環(huán)境中有著不同的內(nèi)涵，掌握大量單詞和習(xí)語是重要的，但語言是活的東西，做這類題時，考生應(yīng)盡可能通過上下文猜測詞義，即利用所熟悉的詞或短語和上下文已知的部分來進行

7、合理推理，有時還需要依據(jù)常識和經(jīng)驗。例如：（09年江西中考）C篇第74題。第4頁/共17頁（09年江西中考）C篇 It”s the week before school starts Alice is shopping for clothes with two friends,Nina and Vicki. Alice puts on a black jacket, turns to her friends, and says, “Hey, what do you think?” The girls look at her and both start laughing. ”No way, A

8、lice!” Nina laughs. “Thats a mans jacket.” Alice feels a little angry. “ Yeah, wellI like it”: “Yeah,” says Vicki. “but what will people at school say?” Alice thinks for a moment. Then she takes off the jacket. “yeah, youre right.” Peer pressure.We all know about it. Your friends wear certain clothe

9、s or listen to certain music. You dont want to be different. So you do those things too. Fifteen minutes later. Alice is still thinking about the black jacket. “Yeah. Theres pressure to follow others.” She explains. “If your clothes or hair are different,. people make fun of you. You know, they laug

10、h and point.”Vicki agrees. “Its true .You even have a certain kind of boyfriend or girlfriend! I think these rules are childish(幼稚的). But when youre different, you feel like an outsider. And thats hard.”Alice walks away.“Hey Alice ” calls Nina. “Where are you going?”“To get the black jacket. I dont

11、care what others think .I like it, and Im buying it.”論點第5頁/共17頁C篇第74題 74. What is the meaning of peer pressure in this passage? A. You want to be like your friends. So you do what they do. B. You want to be different from your friends and classmates. C. You Want to give your clothes to your friends

12、to wear. D. You want to buy as many clothes as your classmates do.注：2007年，sacrifice use up, put up ,take up ,give up 2008年：call decision, telephone, suggestion, seat 第6頁/共17頁考察項目及解題策略 （3）推斷題。推斷性考題旨在考查學(xué)生透過表面的文字信息，對某些深層次情節(jié)經(jīng)過分析、綜合、歸納，作出合乎邏輯的推理。這類題的答案通常不在文章中明確表現(xiàn)出來，要求考生在全面理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，推斷文章的潛在含義，找出結(jié)論。例如：（09年江

13、西中考）B篇第70、71題。第7頁/共17頁（09年江西中考）B篇第70、71題(推斷題)70.Why did they hear a loud BANG?(key word) 找讀 分析，推斷 A.Because something fell off the car. B.Because the car knocked down a tree. C.Because the car broke down on the way. D.Because the car broke down a kangaroo.71.What can we get from this passage?(細節(jié)+推斷)

14、 A.Chris saved the kangaroos life . B.The meeting was held in Brisbane. C.chirs thought the kangaroo was dead.（推斷） D.The write took a photo of Chris and the kangaroo. 第8頁/共17頁考察項目及解題策略（4）主旨題。（夾敘夾議文中）即考查考生對文章的主題，標題、中心思想的理解程度及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。主題思想是文章的核心。能否抓住文章的主題思想，是考生閱讀能力的重要體現(xiàn)。要準確地抓住文章的主題思想，就要十分留意文章的主題

15、句（Topic Sentence）。有的文章一開始就亮出主題，全文隨著主題而展開。有的文章則需要學(xué)生善于抓住文中具有概括性的信息，從上下文連貫的意思來理解全文，看作者主要談的是什么，透過文字敘述的過程來歸納主題，再從選擇項中找出最符合表達主題思想的選項。有些干擾項，從局部看也許不算錯，但從全局看卻又片面。這類干擾項與正確答案之差，其實是。要指導(dǎo)考生在做題時不要被局部現(xiàn)象迷惑，而忽略了文章的整體思想。例如：（09年江西中考）B篇第72題，C篇第76題。第9頁/共17頁（09年江西中考）B篇第72題，C篇第76題72.Which would be the best title for this p

16、assage? A.An unusual experience. 全局 B.My Australian meeting. C.On the way to Australia. 局部 D.A clever kangaroo.76. What is the main idea of this passage? Topic Sentence A. Young people should follow others. B. Girls have different ideas about the jacket. C. Girls like wearing different kinds of clot

17、hes. D. Young people care much about what others think.第10頁/共17頁“七選五七選五”題型考題型考點點 主要是考查考生綜合運用所學(xué)語言知識的能力，包括閱讀能力、理解能力、邏輯推理邏輯推理能力等。 本題目要求在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上,對上下文，其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ恼逻M行深層理解。 大部分屬于邏輯推理性題目. 測試的目的主要考查學(xué)生把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)及對上下文邏輯推理的能力。第11頁/共17頁通篇閱讀，掌握大意通篇閱讀，掌握大意。了解短文的主旨大意，掌握結(jié)構(gòu)。把握全文脈絡(luò)和中心思想。了解短文的主旨大意，掌握結(jié)構(gòu)。把握全文脈絡(luò)和中心思想。 2 2閱讀

18、選項，縮小范圍閱讀選項，縮小范圍認真細讀短文后的選項，對考查內(nèi)容要求做到心中有數(shù)認真細讀短文后的選項，對考查內(nèi)容要求做到心中有數(shù), ,縮小縮小各題選擇的范圍各題選擇的范圍. .3 3根據(jù)上下文，初定答案根據(jù)上下文，初定答案。對短文內(nèi)容中所缺句子，對短文內(nèi)容中所缺句子，尋找前后文尋找前后文的關(guān)鍵的關(guān)鍵信息信息，特別注意某些，特別注意某些同義詞反義詞，同義詞反義詞，連詞或介詞等連詞或介詞等Key wordsKey words的作用的作用以及前后文和句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。以及前后文和句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。4 4認真核查，驗證答案。認真核查，驗證答案。還原檢查還原檢查, ,驗證答案驗證答案,注意各題的答案應(yīng)注

19、意各題的答案應(yīng)邏輯一致，不能自相矛邏輯一致，不能自相矛盾盾。結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思通順，確保答案準確無誤。結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思通順，確保答案準確無誤。解題方法第12頁/共17頁解題策略解題策略細讀開篇首句，推測全文內(nèi)容細讀開篇首句，推測全文內(nèi)容 通讀全文，掌握文章主旨大意通讀全文，掌握文章主旨大意 圍繞大意，對照選項，圍繞大意，對照選項，逐句閱讀，初選答案逐句閱讀，初選答案 先易后難，瞻前顧后先易后難，瞻前顧后 復(fù)核全文，看文章是否上下連貫，復(fù)核全文，看文章是否上下連貫，合乎邏輯，同時消除疏漏合乎邏輯，同時消除疏漏第13頁/共17頁 七選五 （2009江西中考） The Secrets of Happiness 81._Money and success alone do not bring lasting (長久的) happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier. Another Finally.選項 A.The second secret of happiness is to do more exercise. B.If you wan