動詞不定式與動名詞用法總結

1、動詞不定式與動名詞用法總結動詞不定式與動名詞用法總結一 動詞不定式作主語(1) （1）to learn a foreign language is not easy. 主語it（形式主語） is not easy to learn a foreign language(真正主語)it takes / took me 3 hours to read english it is not difficult for us to learn a foreign languageits kind of you to help me with my english .1 itis形容詞（表示人的性格品質）

2、 of sb to do2 itis形容詞（表示做某事是怎么樣） for sb to do注（1）當形容詞表示人的性格品質時，邏輯主語由of引出, 如：kind，nice, good, polite, clever, careful，careless， foolish， （2）當形容詞表示做某事是怎么樣時邏輯主語由for引出. 如： difficult, hard , easy, important, dangerous possible 二 動 詞不定式 賓 語 此種情況可按固定搭配或句式去記。want to do agree to do hope to do decide to do pr

3、efer to do plan to do offer to do would like to dokevin planned to visit his uncle 三 動詞不定式做賓語補足語tell sb + to do ask sb + to do want sb + to do order sb + to do invite sb + to do warn sb + to do i tell him not to go there by bus 四 ：定 語 動詞不定式做定語放在所修飾的名詞 、代詞的后面。例: i have a lot of work to do 點擊規(guī)律: 動詞不定式

4、若在句中作定語, 常放在被修飾的名詞、代詞之后。 提示板: 如果動詞不定式和前面所修飾的詞構成動賓關系, 且動詞是不及物動詞, 切記不要忘掉后面的介詞。如 i have a small chair to sit on(sit on the chair) there arent enough rooms to live in. (live in enough rooms) 五 作 狀 語 a .目的狀語.（1） i come to see you（2 ）he runs fast in order to get there in time b. 原因狀語: 放在sorry, glad, surpr

5、ised, disappointed，excited等詞后面。對其進行補充說明, 作形容詞補足語）如： i am glad to see you here i am sorry to trouble you 六 動詞不定式表語 : 放在連系動詞be后面 (be +adj + to do) 例句: his wish / hope is to become a scientist. my work is to clean the street .七 : “疑問詞不定式”用法 不定式前可帶what，who，which，where, when, how, whose, 等疑問詞, 這種不定式短語在句中

6、作賓語、賓語補足語、主語等。例: he didnt tell me where to go. (直賓) i dont know what to say now.(賓語) i don't know what to do next. (賓語） he taught us how to use the computer(賓語補足語) 九 重點句型：要注意如下兩個句型的用法，后面的to+v（原形）都是做狀語。a. too + adj / adv + to +do . 太而不能.b. + adj / adv + enough to +do 足夠.干它們是簡單句，還可以so - that +從句互相

7、轉換。 so + adj (many/much/ little /few )+ n (名詞 ) +that +從句 such+ a/an +adj + (單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) + that +從句如此以致于.（以上都是復合句）eg: 1. 他是如此的年輕而不能去上學.a. he is so young that he cant go to school.=b. he is such a young boy that he cant go to school.=c. he is too young to go to school =d. he isnt old enough to go to scho

8、ol.2）、不帶to的不定式結構以下幾種情況使用不帶to的動詞不定式:1、why not do 或 why don't you do之后。2、在固定詞組had better do 否定形式是had better not do sth.例如: you had better go home now.你最好現(xiàn)在回家。 it's cold outside. you'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。3、 在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役動詞后,跟不帶to的不定式作賓補。5 let /make/hav

9、e sb do 讓某人做某事 see /watch sb do 看見某人做過某事 hear sb do 聽見某人做過某事感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel后 既可+to do，也可跟v-ing作賓補，see/ hear do 看見/聽見某人做過某事 （前者表示動作的全部過程已結束）；see /hear sb doing看見/聽見某人正做過某事 （后者表示動作正在進行）十 ：動名詞like/love +doing喜歡做某事 practice +doing 練習做某事keep +doing 一直做某事finish +doing 完成做某事enjoy + doing

10、 喜歡做某事mind +doing 介意做某事be busy + doing 忙于做某事cant help +doing 情不自禁做某事be worth doing 值得去做某事spend.in doing sth 花時間去做某事feel like + doing 想要做某事find sb doing 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事hate doing 憎恨做某事 imagine doing 想象做某事 avoid doing 避免做某事 go swimming 去游泳 prefer doing to doing 喜歡前者勝于后者 have fun（有樂趣的doing sth 十一 介詞后+doing be

11、 good at +doing 擅長做某事 do well in +doing 擅長做某事 what /how about +doing 做某事怎么樣 give up +doing 放棄做某事thanks for +doing 因做某事而感謝 be interested in+doing 對某事感興趣stop sb from +doing 阻止某人去做某事 make a contribution to+doing 為做貢獻look forward to +doing 盼望做某事 give ones life to doing 獻身于做某事 十二：動詞不定式作賓語的注意事項（2點）a ：he f

12、inds it very difficult to get to sleep. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡主語+動詞+it+（形容詞、名詞）+不定式sb find it + adj +to do 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是怎么樣b 有些動詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動名詞作賓語，但含義不同： remember to do 記住去做某事； forget to do 忘記去做某事 remember doing 記得曾經做過某事 forget doing 忘記曾經做過某事go on + doing 繼續(xù)做同一事 stop + doing 停止正在做的事go on to do 繼續(xù)做某事（前后是兩件事） stop +to

13、do 停下來去做另一件事 like doing 喜歡做某事（指興趣愛好） hate doing 討厭去做某事 like to do 偶爾喜歡去做某事 hate to do 不愿去做某事（人）need to do 某人需要去做某事（物）need doing 某物需要被. begin /start /continue to do /doing 開始做某事 十三、鞏固練習( )1. the weather is very cold. we'd _-keep the door open. a. better not to b. not better c. not better to d. be

14、tter not(   )2. will you please _ me your maths book for the afternoon?    a. leading             b. lend c. to lend              

15、   d. borrow( )3. he has got used to _ early.    a. getting up    b. get up c. be gotten up       d. be getting( ) 4. he walked _ fast for us _catch up with. a. so, that b. such, that c. enough, to d. too, to( )5. i

16、t is _to work out this problem. you needn't go to the teacher. a. enough easy enough c. easy, enough d. very easily( )6. every day i spend two hours _my homework. to do doingc. to finish to do d. to finish doing( )7. lin tao can't be at home. i saw him _here a few minutes ago. a. plays b. to

17、 play c. playing d. played( )8. we'd better _on the road.,or a car may hit us. a. not to play b. not play c. to not play d. don't play( ) can i go out to play football, mum? -finish your homework first, or i won't let you _. a. to go out b. go out c. going out d. will go out( )10. could

18、you make her _laughing? a. stop b. to stop c. stops d. stopped( )11. im sorry i havent got any money. ive _ my handbag at home. a. missed b. left c. put d. forgot( ) we make it half past seven? -what about _ it a little earlier? a. shall, making b. shall, to makec. will, making d. will, to make( )13

19、. id like to have a nice room _. a. live b. to live c. to live in d. live in( )14. to a doctor, the most important thing is _. a. to save b. saving c. to saving d. saved( ).m sorry to have kept you _ for a long time. a. wait b. to wait c. waiting d. to be waiting三 中考試題回顧1、he read the instruction to

20、find out how _ the computer.a. use b. to use c. using d. uses2、there are some dangerous fishes in this river, and ive warned jack _here.a. not to swim b .to not swim c. swim not to d. to swim not3、the article said that he hoped _ drawing the picture soon.a .his son to finish b. to finish c. finish d

21、. his son will finish4、listen! can you hear a baby _ a. cry b. to cry c. crying d. cries5、“dont always make michael _ this or that. he is already a big boy, dear,” bush said to his wife.a . do b. to do c. does d. did6、dont forget _ the letter.a. to send b. send c. sending7、john was made _ the car for a week as a punishment.a.