初中英語知識(shí)總結(jié)短語詞組和重點(diǎn)句型歸納

1、中學(xué)英語學(xué)問總結(jié)短語、詞組和重點(diǎn)句型歸納由動(dòng)詞開頭構(gòu)成的短語、詞組許多；復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)應(yīng)分類處理：一、動(dòng)詞 +介詞1 look at看， look likelook after照管 2 listen to聽 3 welcome to歡迎到 4 say hello to向問好 5 speak to對(duì)說話看 上去像，此類短語相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，其后必需帶賓語，但賓語無論是名詞仍是代詞，都要放在介詞之后；如：this is my new bike. please look it after.×this is my new bike. please look after it. 二、動(dòng)詞 +副詞“動(dòng)詞

2、+副詞 ”所構(gòu)成的短語義分為兩類： a動(dòng)詞（ vt. ） +副詞1 put on穿上2 take off脫下3 write down登記 此類短語可以帶賓語，賓語如是名詞， 放在副詞前后皆可；賓語如是人稱代詞，只能放在副詞的前面；試比較：first listen to the tape, then write down the answer/writethe answer down. first listen to the answer, then write down it.×first listen to the answer, then write it down. b動(dòng)詞（

3、vi ）+副詞；1come on趕快2get up起床3go home回家4 comein 進(jìn)來 5 sit down坐下6 stand up起立此類短語屬于不及物動(dòng)詞，不行以帶賓語；三、其它類動(dòng)詞詞組1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch tv/games 10. play games.介詞短語聚焦“介詞 +名詞 /代詞 ”所構(gòu)成的短語稱為介詞短語；現(xiàn)將 unitsl-16常用

4、的介詞短語按用法進(jìn)行歸類；1 in+ 語言 /顏色 /衣帽等，表示使用某種語言或穿著；如： in english， in the hat2 in + row/ team/ class/ grade等，表示 “在排/隊(duì)/班級(jí) /年級(jí) ”等；3 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/表示 “在上午 /下午/傍晚”等一段時(shí)間；4 in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom等表示 “在書桌 /鉛筆盒/臥房里 ”；5 in the tree表示 “在樹上非樹本身全部 ”； on the tree表示 “在樹上 為樹本身全部 ”；如： there are

5、 some in the tree. there are many apples on the trees.6 in the wall表示 “在墻上（凹陷進(jìn)去）”； on the wall表示“在墻上（指墻的表面）”；如： therere four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall.7 at work （在工作） /at school （上學(xué)） /at home （在家）應(yīng)留意此類短語中無the ；8 at +時(shí)刻表示鐘點(diǎn)；如：at six, at half , past ten. 9 like this/that

6、表示方式，意為“像這/那樣 ”；10 of 短語表示所屬關(guān)系；如：a picture of a classroom, a map of china.11 behind/ beside/ near/ under+名詞等，表示方位、處所；如： beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.12 from與 to 多表示方向，前者意為“從”，后者意為 “到”；如： from one to ten, go to school/ bed/ work.另外，以下這些短語也必需把握；如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at

7、 the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one s bike等；重點(diǎn)句型大回放1 i think意為 “我認(rèn)為”，是對(duì)某人或某事的看法或 態(tài)度的一種句型； 其否定式常用i don t think，如：i thinkhe s mr zhinag. l17i donyt othuinakre right.2 give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth.意為 “把給”，動(dòng)詞 give之后可接雙賓語，可用這兩種句型； 如指物的賓語是人稱代詞時(shí)，就只能用give it/ them to sb.如：his parents give him a n

8、ice purse./his parents give a nice purse to him. give it to mr hu.l573 take sb./ sth. to意為 “把送帶到”，后常接地點(diǎn)，也可接人；如：please take the new books to the classroom.4 one, the other/one isand one is 意為 “一個(gè)是；另一個(gè)是”，必需是兩者中； 如：one is red and one is grey.l50或 one is red, the other is grey.5 let sb. do sth.意為 “讓某人做某

9、事 ”，人后應(yīng)用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式， 其否定式為dont let sb，do sth. ， 或 let sb. not do sth.另外， let s與 let us的含義不完全相同，前者包括聽者在內(nèi)， 后者不包括聽者在內(nèi)，如：let s go for a walk./let us try once more, please.6 help sb. to do sth./help sb. with sth.意為 “幫忙某人做某事 ”，前者用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，后者用介詞短語作賓補(bǔ)，二者可以互換； 如：let me help you find it.l42/let me help you with

10、it.7 what about？/how about？意為 “怎么樣？ ”是用來詢問或征求對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)、看法、看法等；about為介詞，其后須接名詞、 代詞或 v-ing等形式；如：what/how playing chess.8 it s time to do/ it s time 意for為st“h該.做的時(shí)間了 ”，其中 to 后須接原形動(dòng)詞，for 后可接名詞或v-ing形式；如： its time to have supper. =its time for supper. 9 like to do sth./like doing sth.意為 “喜愛做某事 ”，如：li lei and

11、 his friends like to play in the tree house. l 43 前一種句型側(cè)重詳細(xì)的一次性的動(dòng)作；后一種句型側(cè)重習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，試比較：tom likes swimming, but doesn t like to swim this afternoon.10 ask sb.not to do sth.意為 “讓某人 不要 做某事 ”，其中 ask sb. 后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞不定式，如：ask your friends to guess what is in it. l4411 show sb. sth. / show sth. to do.意為 “把某物給某人看”，該句型的用法同前面第2 點(diǎn)；如：show you