初中英語近義詞辨析專項練習(xí)題 (1)

1、完形填空專項訓(xùn)練一（詞類辨析）1. tell, talk, say, speak(1)tell 告訴，講述  tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某事 (2)talk 交談 talk to/with sb.和某人交談 talk about sth. 談?wù)撃呈?3)say 說， 強調(diào)說的內(nèi)容 say hello to sb. 向某人問好 (4)speak 說某種語言  練習(xí)1：1. can you_ me the truth?2. what language do you_?3. this is what they_ yesterday.4.

2、 dont_ in class，please be quiet.2. look, look at, see, watch(1)look 看起來 look+形容詞(2)look at 朝看  強調(diào)看的動作(3)see 看見   強調(diào)看的結(jié)果(4)watch 觀看  尤其指看電視，看球賽等練習(xí)2：1. the coat_ nice, i want to buy one for my daughter.2. please_ the blackboard, can you_ anything?3. she doesnt like_ tv, but she lik

3、es_ football game.3. sound，listen to, hear(1) sound 聽起來  sound+形容詞 (2) listen to 聽  強調(diào)聽的動作(3) hear 聽見   強調(diào)聽的結(jié)果練習(xí)3：1. _the radio, it says the flood is coming soon.2. i cant_ you , because theres something wrong with my ears.3. what you said_ interesting.4. receive, accept(1)receiv

4、e 收到 強調(diào)客觀接受(2)accept 接受，收下  強調(diào)主觀接受she received his letter but she cant accepted his love.練習(xí)4：he_ a present yesterday, but he didnt _ it, because it was too expensive.5. look up, look for, find, find out(1)look up 查詞典、書、電話簿等，代詞放中間 look it up(2)look for 尋找  強調(diào)找的動作(3)find 找到  強調(diào)找的結(jié)果(4)fi

5、nd out 發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果  指經(jīng)過努力而發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)論練習(xí)5：1. he often takes a dictionary and_ the new words in it?2. the little girl_ her pen everywhere but didnt_ it at last.3. look! lucy is crying over there. lets go and_ why is she crying.6. keep, borrow, lend(1)keep 借 可以保留一段時間(2)borrow 借 強調(diào)將東西借進來 borrow.from 從.借來(3)lend

6、 借 強調(diào)將東西借出去 lend.to 借給練習(xí)6：1. -my bike is broken, can i_ yours ,lily?-oh, sorry, ive_ it to sandy.2. you can_ my recorder for three days.3. we often_ books from our school library.4. he often_ money to his brother.7. reach, arrive, get(1)reach 到達，夠得著  是個及物動詞(2)arrive 到達 不及物動詞 arrive in+大地點 arriv

7、e at+小地點(3)get 到達 不及物動詞 get to到達練習(xí)7：1. they will_ in chengdu next week.2. how do you _to school every day?3. use a longer stick, then you can_ the apples.8. thanks to, thanks for(1)thank to 幸虧，由于(2)thanks for 因謝謝練習(xí)8：1. _ your help, ive understand it.2. _ the cats, mice dare not come and eat my food.

8、9. give in, give up(1)give in 投降(2)give up 放棄 give up doing sth. 放棄做某事練習(xí)9：1. we shouldnt_ learning english!2. i would rather die than _ before my enemies.10. achieve, come true(1)achieve 實現(xiàn)（理想、愿望、預(yù)言等） 及物動詞，主語一般為人(2)come true 實現(xiàn)  不及物動詞組，主語為夢想，理想練習(xí)10：1. he works so hard that he is sure to_ his dr

9、eam.2. his prediction of humans flying to the moon _.11. turn off, close, turn on, open(1)turn off 關(guān)（電器） turn on 開（電器）(2)close 關(guān)（門、窗、書等） open 開（門、窗、書等）練習(xí)11：1. _ the windows please, its so cold outside.2. _ the lights before you leave the room.3. the dog _ the box and took the bone out!4. _ the tv, i

10、 want to watch the nba basketball games.12. break off, break out, break into, break down(1)break off 中斷關(guān)系，突然終止(2)break out 指戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)(3)break into 非法進入或闖入(4)break down 壞掉，（車、船等）拋錨，中途不工作練習(xí)12：1 he was late for school yesterday, because his car _ on the half way.2 the world war _ when she was only five.3 th

11、ey _ their friendship and didnt talk to each other any more.4 last night a thief _ my house and took away my tv.13. reply, answer, solve(1)reply 回復(fù)，答復(fù) 不及物動詞  reply to sb. (2)answer 回答,答案  及物動詞   answer question(3)solve 解決，處理 及物動詞 solve problem練習(xí)13：1. what did mr. smith_ to what o

12、thers said?2. no one in our class can_ this question.3. its too difficult for everyone to_ that problem.4. she failed to _ my question.5. we havent _ to his letter yet.6. none of us knew the _ to the problem.14. hope, wish(1)hope 希望,指較為現(xiàn)實的想法 hope to do 或hope + 從句，但沒有hope sb to do(2)wish 希望，指不太現(xiàn)實的要求或

13、想法 wish to do 或 wish sb to do練習(xí)14：1. -the weather may be fine tomorrow.-i_ so.3. mum _me to be a doctor in the future.4. how i_i could fly to the moon!15. take, cost, spend, pay(1)take 花費, 尤指花費時間,主語為物  it takes sb. some time to do sth. (2)cost 花費, 指花金錢 ，主語為物    sth. cost sb. some

14、 money(3)spend 花費, 主語為人 spend.(in) doing 或spend.on sth. (4)pay 花費, 主語為人  pay for練習(xí)15：1. it often_ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.2. -who will _ for the bill?-maybe our boss.3. the house_ him 30,000 dollars.4. his cousin_ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.16. take part in,

15、join, attend(1)take part in 參加某項活動(2)join 指參加某組織，成為其中的一個成員(3)attend 指參加會議，婚禮，葬禮，典禮；去上課，上學(xué)，聽報告等練習(xí)16：1. mr. wang_ the party 5 years ago.2. they invited lily_ the english evening.3. hell _ an important meeting tomorrow.17. do with， deal with (1)do with 處理，應(yīng)付  在問句中要與what 連用(2)deal with 處理，對付 在問句中要與

16、how連用練習(xí)17：1. how can you_ that problem?2. what do you_ the event?18. put on, wear, dress, in (1)put on 穿上 強調(diào)穿衣的動作(2)wear 穿著  強調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)，是一個延續(xù)性動詞(3)dress 給穿衣服 賓語為人 dress oneself 給某人自己穿衣服(4)in 穿著 強調(diào)穿戴的狀態(tài) be in+顏色練習(xí)18：1. _ the warm clothes, its cold outside.2. mary is always_ red clothes . maybe red i

17、s her favorite color.3. the little boy could_ himself when he was three years old.4. the old man_ a pair of glasses.19. win, beat，defeat(1) win 贏得  一般指贏得比賽，獎品或戰(zhàn)斗，賓語為物(2) beat 戰(zhàn)勝，打敗  一般指打敗參加比賽或游戲的人或團體，賓語為人(3)defeat 戰(zhàn)勝，打敗 一般指戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人，賓語為人練習(xí)19：1. our team has_ the football match, we are all ha

18、ppy. 2. the brazilian football team_ us 5-0 in that match, all the chinese fans were very sad.3. the army_ the enemy at last.20. be made in, be made of, be made from, be made up of(1)be made in 在哪里制作，后面接產(chǎn)地(2)be made of 由制成，看得出原料(3)be made from由制成，看不出原料(4)be made up of由組成，強調(diào)由個體組成整體練習(xí)20：1. the desk_ w

19、ood.2. this kind of watch_ shanghai.3. our class _ 50 students.4. paper_ bamboo.21. have been to, have gone to(1)have been to 曾經(jīng)去過（現(xiàn)在在說話地），可與次數(shù)連用(2)have gone to已經(jīng)去了（現(xiàn)在不在說話地）練習(xí)21：1. they _ italy for more than 7 years, so italy is their second home.2. -how many times_ hainan?-only 3 times.22. too much

20、, much too, too many, many too(1)too much 太多 too much+不可數(shù)名詞(2)much too 太. much too+形容詞(3)too many 太多 too many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(4)many too 用法不存在練習(xí)22：1. the computer is_ expensive.2. stop, peter. you talked _.3. dont eat_ apples every day.4.father, have a rest. youve _ tired today.5.hurry up! you have wasted _

21、time.23. many, much , lots of , a lot ( of )(1)many 許多 many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(2)much 許多 much+不可數(shù)名詞(3)a lot of/lots of 許多 a lot of/lots of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞 (4)a lot 很，非常 a lot 修飾動詞練習(xí)23：1. _ of the visitors are workers.2. has jack have _ money?3. during those three weeks, he ate _ meat.4. i did not understand why yo

22、u had so _ strange questions.5. although he is a boy, he reads _.24. above all， after all， first of all， at all, in all(1)above all 最重要的是, 尤其是，強調(diào)要引起特別注意(2) after all 畢竟, 終究(3) first of all 首先, 強調(diào)次序(4) at all 根本，絲毫 否定+at all(5)in all 總共, 總計練習(xí)25：1. never waste anything, but _ never waste time.2. _, le

23、t me introduce myself to you.3. there are 35 students_ in our class.4. he is still a child _. dont blame him.5.i dont know him _.26. passed, past(1)passed 經(jīng)過 動詞pass的過去式或過去分詞(2)past 經(jīng)過 介詞或副詞練習(xí)26：1. they hurried _ the building.2. tom _ by me without greeting just now.3. the train for the small town le

24、aves at ten _ eight.4. two weeks had _ since martin had seen him.5. in the _, i have had many jobs.27. agree to, agree with, agree on(1) agree to 表示一方提出一項建議、安排、計劃等，另一方同意協(xié)作(2) agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意見、想法、分析、解釋等；（氣候、食物等）“適合”的意思。(3) agree on/upon 雙方經(jīng)過協(xié)商，達成一致意見 agree on/upon doing sth.練習(xí)27：1 i _ what he

25、said.2. all those who _ the plan, raise your hands.3. we _ leaving there the next day.4. the food doesnt _ him.28.build, found, set up, put up(1)build 建筑，建造 指施工建筑(2)found 創(chuàng)立，成立，創(chuàng)辦 指創(chuàng)立一個機構(gòu)，組織或國家(3)set/put up 搭起，豎起，掛起 后者常見練習(xí)28： 1. last year a cinema was _ near our school.2. the rich man _ the hospital

26、 and a school in the town where he was born.3. the peoples republic of china was _ in 1949.4. the newspaper reporter _ his camera under a tree.29. a number of, the number of(1)a number of 許多，大量 a number of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語復(fù)數(shù)(2)the number of .的數(shù)量 the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語單數(shù)練習(xí)29： 1. there were _ people out this

27、afternoon.2. do you write down _ my telephone?3. _ of trees planted is never under 200 in our village every year.4.we have lived here _ years.5._ of jobless people grow in the country at present.30. get( be ) ready, prepare, prepare for(1)get(be)ready 準備好 強調(diào)準備的結(jié)果 be/get ready for/to do 準備好了做某事(2)pre

28、pare 準備 強調(diào)準備的動作與過程，賓語是動作的承受著(3)prepare for 為.做準備 賓語不是動作的承受者練習(xí)30:1. mother is busy _ lunch in the kitchen.2. the doctor told the nurses to _ the operation at once.3. we all _ to do anything for the people.4. the students are_ the final exam.31. but, however, while(1) but 強調(diào)前后意思轉(zhuǎn)折，并且轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣最為強烈(2)howeve

29、r 一般放在兩句之間，前后用逗號隔開獨立成句，表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折(3)while 著重強調(diào)前后兩者對比練習(xí)31：1. i like the film, _ i have no time to see it.2. its raining hard. _ , i think we should go out.3. tom is reading _jim playing football.4. you should finish your work before nine o'clock,_, you can have a break before you start it.32. for ex

30、ample, such as(1) for example 舉例說明某一論點或情況，一般只舉同類人或事物中的一個,可作為插入語 for example+句子(2)such as 通常用來列舉事物，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個 such as+詞語練習(xí)32：1. he, _ ,is a good teacher.2. i know many students of your school, wang hong, _.3. he can speak five foreign languages, _ german and french.4. he knows several languages,

31、_ , he knows english and japanese.5. boys，_ john and james are very friendly.6. there are many fruits,_, apples, bananas, oranges and grapes.33. alive， living， live(1)alive 活的，有生命的(有死的可能但仍然活著) 作后置定語，放在名詞后(2)living 活的，有生命的 作表語或作定語。作定語時，放在名詞前，一般指人 the living 活著的人(3)live 活的，現(xiàn)場直播的 作定語，放在名詞前，一般指動物(4)live

32、ly 活波的，活躍的，有生機的 作定語或表語，可指人也可指物練習(xí)33：1. who is the greatest man _?2. my brother bought a _ fish?3. the _ people are more important than the dead.4. the badly wounded soldier was unconscious but still _.5. she is a_ girl.34. across, through(1)cross （動詞）通過，穿過 表示在物體表面上橫穿，如橫穿馬路，過河，過橋等(2)across （介詞）橫跨，橫穿，穿

33、越 go across=cross(3)through （介詞）在.之中，穿越 表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過，如森林，玻璃等練習(xí)34：1. look around when you walk _ the street.2. she drove straight _ the town.3. there is no bridge _ the river.4. water flows _ this pipe.5. the sunlight come_ the window.35. compare, compare with , compare to (1)compare 比較，相比(2)compare.wit

34、h 把.和.比較(同類事物間的比較，比較)(3)compare.to. 把.比作.(表示異類相比，比喻)練習(xí)35：1. if you _ these two words, you can tell the difference between them.2. please _ this word _ that one and tell me the difference.2. we usually _ children _ flowers of the motherland. 36. custom, habit (1)custom 風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣，傳統(tǒng) 指一個民族或一個社會在發(fā)展過程中長期沿襲下來

35、的禮節(jié)、風(fēng)俗和習(xí)慣(2)habit 習(xí)慣 指一個人長時間養(yǎng)成的自然習(xí)慣練習(xí)36:1.he has formed the _ of smoking after meals.2. it is the _ in china to eat dumplings during the spring festival.3. he has fallen into the _ of getting up late.4. they broke some of the old _.37. also, too, either, as well的區(qū)別(1)also 多用于書面語，用于肯定句中 位于be動詞，助

36、動詞，情態(tài)動詞之后， 實義動詞之前。(2)too 多用于口語中，常用于肯定句或者一般疑問句。位置通常位于句末，前有逗號隔開。(3)either 用于否定句，位于句末。(4)as well 是副詞短語， 多用于口語中，位于句末。練習(xí)37：1. he doesnt want to go _. 2. he can swim _. 3. he is_ a student.4. he is a boy, _. 38. alone, lonely(1)alone (adj.) 獨自的，單獨的 作表語 （adv.）獨自地，單獨地 做狀語(2)lonely (adj.) 孤單的，寂寞的，荒涼的，偏僻的 作定語

37、和表語練習(xí)38：1. he lives_ but he never feels_.2. mr. green was out. his little son david stayed at home _, but he didnt feel_.39. others, the others, other，the other:(1)others 另一些，在一些 指三者或三者以上人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的某一些”。 some.others. 一些.另一些.(2)the others 其余的，剩余的 指三者或三者以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分的全部”。(3)other 別的，另外的，其他的 后常跟名詞，泛指另外的人或物(4)the other 另一個 指兩者中的一個，與one連用 one.the other.練習(xí)39：1. i dont like these.