物理常用詞匯表

1、AAbsolute acceleration 絕對加速度Absolute error 絕對誤差A(yù)bsolute motion 絕對運(yùn)動(dòng)Absolute temperature 絕對溫度Absolute velocity 絕對速度Absolute zero 絕對零度Absorption 吸收Absorptivity 吸收率Accelerated motion 加速運(yùn)動(dòng)Acceleration of gravity重力加速度Acceleration 加速度Accidental error 偶然誤差A(yù)coustics 聲學(xué)Acting force 作用力Adjustment 調(diào)節(jié)Aether 以太A

2、ir pump 抽氣機(jī)Air table 氣墊桌Air track 氣墊導(dǎo)軌Alternating current circuit 交流電路Alternating current generator交流發(fā)電機(jī)Alternating 交流電Altimeter 測高儀Ammeter 安培計(jì)Amperemeter 電流計(jì)Ampere 安培Amperes experiment 安培試驗(yàn)Amperes force 安培力Amperes law 安培定律Amperemeter 安培計(jì)Amplitude 振幅Angle of rotation 自轉(zhuǎn)角 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角Angular acceleration 角加速度

3、Angular displacement 角位移Angular velocity 角速度Anion 負(fù)離子Anisotropy 各向異性Annihilation Anode 陽極Antenna 天線Applied physics 應(yīng)用物理學(xué)Archimedes principle阿基米德原理Area 面積Argumentation 論證Argument 輻角Astigmatoscope 散光鏡Atomic nucleus 原子核Atomic physics 原子物理學(xué)Atomic spectrum 原子光譜Atomic structure 原子結(jié)構(gòu)Atom 原子Atwoods machine阿

4、特伍德機(jī)Average power 平均功率Average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿伏加德羅常數(shù)Avogadro law 阿伏加德羅定律Bbalance 天平ballistic galvanometer 沖擊電流計(jì)band spectrum 帶狀譜barometer 氣壓機(jī)basic quantity 基本量basic units 基本單位battery charger 電池充電器battery accumulator 蓄電池battery 電池組beam 光束betatron 電子感應(yīng)加速器Bohr atom model 波爾原子模型Boiling p

5、oint 沸點(diǎn)Boiling 沸騰Bounce 反彈Bound charge 束縛電荷Bound electron 束縛電子Branch circuit 支路Breakdown 擊穿Brightness 亮度Buoyancy force 浮力CCalorifics 熱學(xué)camera 照相機(jī)capacitance 電容capacitor 電容器capillarity 毛細(xì)現(xiàn)象cathode ray 陰極射線cathoderay tude 陰極射線管cathode 陰極cation 正離子cell 電池Celsius scale 攝氏溫標(biāo)Centre of gravity 重心Centre of

6、mass 質(zhì)心Centrifugal force 離心力Centripetal acceleration 向心加速度Centripetal force 向心力Chain reaction 鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)Chaos 混沌Characteristic spectrum 特征光譜Charged body 帶電體Charged particle 帶電粒子Charge 充電Circular hole diffraction 圓孔衍射Circular motion 圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)Classical mechanics 經(jīng)典力學(xué)Classical physics 經(jīng)典物理學(xué) Cloud chamber 云室Coeffi

7、cient of maximum static friction 最大靜摩擦系數(shù)Coefficient of restitution 恢復(fù)系數(shù)Coefficient of sliding friction 滑動(dòng)摩擦系數(shù)Coefficient 系數(shù)Coil 線圈Collision 碰撞Component force 分力Coherent light 相干光源Component velocity 分速度Composition of forces 力的合成Composition of velocities 速度的合成Compression 壓縮Concave lens 凹透鏡Concave mirr

8、or 凹面鏡Concurrent force 共點(diǎn)力Condensation 凝結(jié)Condenser 電容器Conducting medium 導(dǎo)電介質(zhì)Conductor 導(dǎo)體Conservative force field 保守立場Conservative force 保守力Constant force 恒力Constant 常量Continuous spectrum 連續(xù)譜Convergent lens 會(huì)聚透鏡Convex lens 凸透鏡Convex mirror 凸面鏡Coordinate system 坐標(biāo)系Coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奧利力

9、Corpuscular property 例子性Corpuscular theory 微粒說Coulomb force 庫侖力Coulomb 庫侖Coulombs law庫侖定律counter 計(jì)數(shù)器creation 產(chǎn)生creepage 漏電crest 波峰critical angle 臨界角critical resistance 臨界電阻critical temperature 臨界溫度crystal 晶體current density 電流密度current element 電流元current source電流源current strength 電流強(qiáng)度curvilinear moti

10、on 曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)cyclotron 回旋加速器DDamped vibration 阻尼震動(dòng)Damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹尼爾電池Data processing 數(shù)據(jù)處理Data 數(shù)據(jù)Decay 衰變Definition of ampere 安培的定義Defocusing 散集Density 密度Derived quantity 導(dǎo)出量Derived unit 導(dǎo)出單位Dielectric 電介質(zhì)Diffraction pattern衍射圖樣Diffraction 衍射Diffuse reflection 漫反射Digital timer 數(shù)字計(jì)時(shí)器Dimensional exp

11、onent 量綱指數(shù)Dimension 量綱Diode 二極管Diopter 屈光度Direct current 直流（dc）Direct impact 正碰Direct measurement 直接測量Discharge 放電Disorder 無序Dispersion 色散Displacement 位移Divergent lens 發(fā)射透鏡Doppler effect 多普勒反應(yīng)Double slit diffraction 雙縫衍射Driving force 驅(qū)動(dòng)力Dry cell 干電池EEcho 回聲Eddy current 渦流Effective value 有效值Elastic b

12、ody 彈性體Elastic force 彈性力Elasticity 彈性Electric charge 電荷Electric circuit 電路Electric corona 電暈Electric energy 電能Electric field 電場Electric field intensity 電場強(qiáng)度Electric field line 電場線Electric flux電通量Electric leakage 漏電Electric neutrality 電中性Electric potential 電位；電勢Electric potential difference 電位差；電勢差El

13、ectric power 電功率Electric quantity 電量Electrification 起電Electrification by friction 摩擦起電Electrified body 帶電體Electrode 電極Electrolysis 電解Electrolyte 電解質(zhì)Electromagnetic damping 電磁阻尼Electromagnetic induction 電磁感應(yīng)Electromagnetic radiation 電磁輻射Electromagnetic wave 電磁波Electromagnetic wave spectrum 電磁波譜Electr

14、omagnetic induction phenomenon 電磁感應(yīng)現(xiàn)象Electromagnet 電磁體Electrometer 靜電計(jì)Electrometer force 電動(dòng)勢Electron 電子Electron beam 電子束Electron cloud 電子云Electron microscope電子顯微鏡Electron volt 電子伏特Electroscope 驗(yàn)電器Electrostatic equilibrium 靜電平衡Electrostatic induction 靜電感應(yīng)Electrostatic screening 靜電屏蔽Elementary charge

15、基本電荷；元電荷Energy 能量Energy level 能級Equilibrium 平衡Equilibrium condition 平衡條件equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium position 平衡位置equilibrium state 平衡態(tài)equivalent source theorem 等效電源定理erect image正像error 誤差ether 以太evaporation 蒸發(fā)excitation 激發(fā)excitation state 激發(fā)態(tài)experiment 實(shí)驗(yàn)experimental physics 實(shí)驗(yàn)物理學(xué)external

16、force 外力eyepiece 目鏡FFar sight 遠(yuǎn)視Faraday cylinder 法拉第圓筒Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第電磁感應(yīng)定律Faradays law of electromagnetic induct 法拉第電磁感應(yīng)定律Farad 法拉（電容的單位）Film interference 薄膜干涉Final velocity 末速度First cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度Fission 裂變Fixedaxis rotation 定軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)Flotation balance 浮力秤Fluid 流體Foc

17、al length 焦距Focusing 調(diào)教；聚焦Focus 焦點(diǎn)Force 力Forced vibration 受迫震動(dòng)Fractal 分形Free charge 自由電荷Free electron 自由電子Free period 自由周期Freezing point 凝固點(diǎn)Frequency 頻率Friction force 摩擦力Fusion 聚變GGalvanometer 電流計(jì)Gas 氣體General physics 普通物理學(xué)Generator 發(fā)電機(jī)Good conductor 良導(dǎo)體Gravitation 引力Gravity 重力Gravitational potentia

18、l energy 重力勢能Gravity field 重力場Ground earth 接地Ground state 基態(tài)Ground wire 地線HHadron 強(qiáng)子Half life period 半衰期Heat 熱Heat transfer傳熱Henry 亨利Hertz 赫茲（頻率的單位）Hooke law 胡克定律Humidity 濕度Hydrogen 氫原子Hypothesis 假設(shè)IIce point 冰點(diǎn)Ideal gas 理想氣體Image 像Image distance 像距Image height 像高Imaging 成像Imperfect inelastic collis

19、ion 非完全彈性碰撞Impulse 沖量Incident angle 入射角Incident ray 入射線Indirect measurement 間接測量Induced electric current 感應(yīng)電流Induced electric field 感應(yīng)電場Induction current 感應(yīng)電流Induction electromotive force 感應(yīng)電動(dòng)勢Induction motor 感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)Inertia 慣性Inertial system 慣性系Infrared ray 紅外線Infrasonic wave 次聲波Initial phase 初位相Initi

20、al velocity 初速度Input 輸入Instantaneous power 瞬時(shí)功率Instantaneous velocity 瞬時(shí)速度Instrument 儀器Insulated conductor 絕緣導(dǎo)體Insulating med ium 絕緣介質(zhì)Insulator 絕緣體Intensity of sound 聲強(qiáng)Interference 干涉Interference fringe 干涉條紋interference pattern 干涉圖樣Interferometer 干涉儀Internal energy 內(nèi)能Internal force 內(nèi)力Internal resist

21、ance 內(nèi)阻Into nation 聲調(diào)Inverted image 倒像Invisible light 不可見光Ion beam 離子束Ionization 電離Irreversible process 不可逆過程Isobaric process 等壓過程Isobar 等壓線Isochoric process 等體積過程Isothermal 等溫線Isothermal process 等溫過程Isotope 同位素Isotropy 各向同性JJoule 焦耳（功的單位）Joule heat 焦耳熱Joule law 焦耳定律KKepler law 開普勒定律Kinematics 運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)Ki

22、netic energy 動(dòng)能Laplaces equation 拉普拉斯方程LLaser 激光；激光器Law 定律Law of conservation of angular momentum 角動(dòng)量守恒定律Law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律Law of conservation of mass 質(zhì)量守恒定律Law of conservation of mechanical energy 機(jī)械能守恒定律Law of conservation of momentum 動(dòng)量守恒定律Law of electric charge conservation 電荷守

23、恒定律Le systeme international d unit e s國際單位制（si）Lead 導(dǎo)線Length 長度Lens 透鏡Lens formula 透鏡公式Lenz law 楞次定律Lepton 輕子Light ray 光線Light source 光源Light wave 光波Lightning rod 避雷針Light 光Line spectrum 線狀譜Lines of current 電流線Lines of force of electric field 電力線Liquefaction 液化Liquefaction point 液化點(diǎn)Liquid 液體Longitud

24、inal wave縱波Loop 回路Lorentz force 洛侖茲力Luminous intensity 發(fā)光強(qiáng)度Mmagenetic field 磁場magnetic field intensity磁場強(qiáng)度magnetic field line 磁場線magnetic induction flux 磁感應(yīng)通量magnetic induction 磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度magnetic induction line 磁感應(yīng)線magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic needle 磁針magnetic pole 磁極magnification 放大率magnifier 放大鏡；放大器

25、manometer 流體壓強(qiáng)計(jì)mass 質(zhì)量mass defect 質(zhì)量虧損massenergy equation 質(zhì)能方程matter 物質(zhì)matter wave物質(zhì)波Maxwells equations 麥克斯韋方程組Mean speed 平均速率Mean velocity 平均速度Measurement 測量Mechanical energy 機(jī)械能Mechanical motion 機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)Mechanical vibration 機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)Mechanics 力學(xué)Medium 介質(zhì)Melting fusion 熔化Melting point 熔點(diǎn)Metre rule 米尺M(jìn)icro d

26、etector 靈敏電流計(jì)Micrometer caliper 螺旋測微器Microscope 顯微鏡Microscopic particle 微觀粒子Mirror reflection 鏡面反射Mirror 鏡Mixed unit system 混合單位制Modern physics 現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)Molar volume 摩爾體積Molecular spectrum 分子光譜Molecular structure 分子結(jié)構(gòu)Moment of force 力矩Momentum of electromagnetic field 磁場的動(dòng)量Momentum 動(dòng)量Motor 電動(dòng)機(jī)Multimeter

27、 多用電表Musical quality 音色NN pole 北極Natural frequency 固有頻率Natural light 自然光Negative charge 負(fù)電荷Negative crystal 負(fù)晶體Negative ion 負(fù)離子Negative plate負(fù)極板Network網(wǎng)絡(luò)Neutralization 中和Neutron 中子Newton 牛頓Newton first law 牛頓第一定律Newton second law 牛頓第二定律Newton third law 牛頓第三定律Nonequilibrium state 非平衡態(tài)North pole 北極Nuc

28、leus force 核力Nucleus of condensation 凝結(jié)核OObject 物Object distance 物距Object height 物高Objective 物鏡Observation 觀察Oersteds experiment 奧斯特實(shí)驗(yàn)Ohm 歐姆Ohm law 歐姆定律Open circuit 開路Optical bench 光具座Optical centre of lens 透鏡光心Optical fiber 光導(dǎo)纖維Optical glass 光學(xué)玻璃Optical instrument 光學(xué)儀器Optical lever 光杠桿Optical path

29、difference 光程差Optical path 光程路Optically denser medium 光密介質(zhì)Optically thinner medium 光疏介質(zhì)Optics 光學(xué)Orbit 軌道Order有序Oscillograph 示波器Output 輸出Overweight 超重PParallel connection of condensers 電容器的并聯(lián)Parallelogram rule 平行四邊形定律Parallelresonance circuit 并聯(lián)諧振電路Parameter 參量Particle 質(zhì)點(diǎn)；粒子Pascal law 帕斯卡定律Path 路程Pea

30、k 峰值Pendulum 擺Penumbra 半影Perfect elastic collision 完全彈性碰撞Perfect conductor 理想導(dǎo)體Perfect inelastic collision 完全非彈性碰撞Periodicity 周期性Period 周期Periscope 潛望鏡Permanent magnet 永磁體Permittivity of vacuum 真空介電常數(shù)Permittivity 電容率Phase 位相Phenomenon 現(xiàn)象Photocurrent 光電流Photoelectric effect 光電效應(yīng)Photoelectron 光電子Photo

31、graphy 照相術(shù)Photon 光子Physical balance 物理天平Physical quantity 物理量Physics 物理學(xué)Piezometer 壓強(qiáng)計(jì)Pitch音調(diào)Planck constant 普朗克常量Plasma 等離子體Point charge 點(diǎn)電荷Polarization 偏振Polarized light 偏振光Polycrystal 多晶體Poor conductor 不良導(dǎo)體Positive charge正電荷Positive crystal 正晶體Positive ion 正離子Positive plate 正極板Positron 正電子Potenti

32、al energy 勢能Potentiometer 電位差計(jì)Power 功率Pressure 壓強(qiáng)；壓力Primary coil 原線圈Principle of constancy of light velocity 光速不變原理Prism 棱鏡Projectile 拋體Projectile motion 拋體運(yùn)動(dòng)Projector 投影儀Proton 質(zhì)子Pulley 滑輪Pulley block 滑輪組QQuantity of heat 熱量Quantization 量子化Quantum 量子Quantum mechanics 量子力學(xué)Quantum number 量子數(shù)RRadar 雷達(dá)

33、Radioactive source 放射源Radius of gyration 回旋半徑Random motion 無規(guī)則運(yùn)動(dòng)Range 量程Rated voltage 額定電壓Reacting force 反作用力Real image 實(shí)像Real object 實(shí)物Reasoning 推理Recoil 反沖Rectilinear motion 直線運(yùn)動(dòng)Reference frame 參考系；坐標(biāo)系Reference system 參考系Reflected angle 反射角Reflected ray 反射線Reflection coefficient 反射系數(shù)Reflection law

34、 反射定律Reflectivity 反射率Refracted angle 折射角Refracted ray 折射線Refraction law 折射定律Refraction coefficient 折射系數(shù)Refractive index 折射率Relative acceleration 相對加速度Relative error 相對誤差Relative motion 相對運(yùn)動(dòng)Relative velocity 相對速度Relativity 相對論Resistance 電阻Resistance box 電阻箱Resistivity 電阻率Resistor 電阻器Resolution of for

35、ce 力的分解Resolution of velocity 速度的分解Resonance 共振；共鳴Reasonant frequency 共振頻率Resultant force合力Resultant velocity 合速度Reversibility of optical path 光路可逆性Reversible process 可逆過程Rheostat 變阻器Righthand screw rule 右手螺旋定則Rocket 火箭Rotating magnetic field 旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場Rotation 自轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)Rutherford scattering 盧瑟福散射Rutherfordap

36、article scatteringexperiment 盧瑟福a散射實(shí)驗(yàn)SS pole 南極Saturation 飽和Scalar 標(biāo)量Scalar field 標(biāo)量場Scanner 掃描器Second cosmic velocity 第二宇宙速度Selective absorption 選擇吸收Selfinduced electromotive force 自感電動(dòng)勢Selfinductance 自感Selfinduction phenomenon 自感系數(shù)Semiconductor 半導(dǎo)體Semitransparent film 半透膜Sensitive galvanometer 靈敏電

37、流計(jì)Sensitivity 靈敏度Sensitometer 感光計(jì)Sensor 傳感器Series connection of condensers 電容器的串聯(lián)Seriesreasonance circuit 串聯(lián)諧振電路Short circuit 短路Short sight 近視Shunt resistor 分流電阻Significant figure 有效數(shù)字Simple harmonic motionshm簡諧運(yùn)動(dòng)Simple harmonic wave 簡諧波Simple pendulum 單擺Single crystalmonocrystal單晶體Single slit diffr

38、action 單縫衍射Sinusoidal alternating current 簡諧交流電Sinusoidal current 正弦式電流Sliding friction 滑動(dòng)摩擦Slit 狹縫Solar cell 太陽能電池Solenoid 螺線管Solidification 凝固Solidification point 凝固點(diǎn)Solid 固體Solution 溶液Salvation 溶解Sonar 聲納Sound source聲源Sound velocity 聲速Sound wave 聲波Sound 聲音Source 電源South pole 南極Space空間Spark discha

39、rge 火花放電Special relativity 狹義相對論Specific heat capacity 比熱容Spectacles 眼鏡Spectral analysis 光譜分析Spectral line 光譜線Spectrograph 攝譜儀pectrography 攝譜學(xué)spectroscopy 光譜學(xué)spectrum 光譜speed 速率spherical mirror 球面鏡spontaneous radiation 自發(fā)輻射spring balance 彈簧秤stability 穩(wěn)定性stabilized current supply 穩(wěn)流電源stabilized volta

40、ge supply 穩(wěn)壓電源standard atmospheric pressure 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓standard cell 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電池standing wave 駐波static friction 靜摩擦stationary state 定態(tài)steady current 恒定電流steady current source 恒流源steady voltage source 恒壓源steam point 汽點(diǎn)stiffness 勁du系數(shù)stimulated radiation 受激輻射stop watch 秒表sublimation 升華superconductivity 超導(dǎo)電性superco

41、nductor 超導(dǎo)體super position principle of electric field 電場強(qiáng)度疊加原理supersaturation 過度飽和supersonic speed 超聲速supersonic wave 超聲波supply transformer 電源變壓器surface resistance 表面電阻switch 開關(guān)system of concurrent forces 共點(diǎn)力系system of particles 質(zhì)點(diǎn)系system of units 單位制systematic error 系統(tǒng)誤差TTelescope 望遠(yuǎn)鏡Temperature 溫度Tension 張力The law of gravity 萬有引力定律Theorem 原理Theorem of kinetic energy 動(dòng)能定理Theorem of momentum 動(dòng)量定理Theoretical physics 理論物理學(xué)The