表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

1、表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句appositive（同位語(yǔ)）（同位語(yǔ)） clause（從句）subject （主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)）object（賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）predicative（表語(yǔ)）（表語(yǔ)）revision 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句什么是表語(yǔ)？什么是表語(yǔ)？ 表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，表語(yǔ)常由名詞、表語(yǔ)常由名詞、_、_、_、不定式、動(dòng)詞、不定式、動(dòng)詞的的-ing、從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，它常位于、從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，它常位于系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞（be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等詞）之后。等

2、詞）之后。1.africa is a big continent. 2. the patient is out of danger. 3. the sun is up.4. the egg smells smelly. 5. her job is selling computers.6. the baby seems to be asleep.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)形容詞形容詞副詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)觀察下列句子中表語(yǔ)從句的用法，然后加以總結(jié)(1).my hometown is no longer what she used to be.(2).the boy has remaine

3、d where you stood this morning for an hour.(3).the truth is that everyone should take care of disabled people, not just the government.(4).the question is whether your uncle will offer help to us.(5).the question is who did it yesterday.(6).bruce did not watch the game last night. that was because h

4、e had to help his little sister with her homework.(7).he had seen the film before. that was why he did not see it last night.(8).my suggestion is that we should offer help to him.(9).my suggestion is when they will start the project.(10). the reason why he was absent from work was that he was seriou

5、sly ill. 幻燈片幻燈片 6【總結(jié)】：可接表語(yǔ)從句的詞除系動(dòng)詞_外，還有appear,become,look,get, grow, remain, seem, sound,turn等連系動(dòng)詞。表語(yǔ)從句一定要用_語(yǔ)序。在advice,suggestion,order,proposal等表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)需用“_+動(dòng)詞原形”， _可省略，如第8句。that和what在引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作用和意義都不相同。_本身沒(méi)有詞義，在句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，如第3句和第8句。_則表示“所的（人或事）”，在表語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等，如第1句。if不可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，

6、但_可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句（as if也可引導(dǎo)也可表語(yǔ)從句）如第4句that is because指原因或理由：that is_.則指由某種原因所造成的后果，但是在表語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)reason作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞只能用_，不能用because如第6句、第7句和第10句。連接代詞who, whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever和連詞副詞where，when，how，why也可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，如第1句、第2句，第5句、第7句和第9句。 ppt5be陳述陳述shouldthatwhatwhetherwhythatshould(1).the lit

7、tle girl who got lost decided to remain_she was and wait for her mother.a where b.what c.when d.who(2).the last time we had great fun was_we were visiting the water park.awhere b.how c.when d.why(3).why not try your luck downtown, mary? thats _the best jobs are.a. where b.what c.when d.why(4).the tr

8、aditional view is_we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.a. when b.why c.whether dthat(5).see the flags on top of the building ?that was _we did this moring.a. when b.which c.where d.that【高考鏈接】從【高考鏈接】從a、b、c、d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。2. 2. 位置：位置： 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞后后3. 3. 引導(dǎo)

9、詞：引導(dǎo)詞：4. 4. 語(yǔ)序：語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序根據(jù)成分和意義確定根據(jù)成分和意義確定缺什么填什么；不缺填缺什么填什么；不缺填thatthat 1. 1. 定義：定義：充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的從句充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的從句the question is who the man is.一、表語(yǔ)從句一、表語(yǔ)從句5. 表語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成：表語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成：(系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞)+ 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 1）that-不能省略不能省略the trouble is that i have lost his address. _ 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞有以下幾類：有以下幾類：二二.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句

10、的關(guān)聯(lián)詞 麻煩的是我把他的地址丟了 2）whether當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為不確定的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)用當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為不確定的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)用whether來(lái)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。my question is whether he left (or not). _我的問(wèn)題是他是否離開(kāi)了我的問(wèn)題是他是否離開(kāi)了注：注：if 不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 3）wh-疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞 （who/ where/how.）當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用wh-疑問(wèn)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)，疑問(wèn)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)，要注意從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)橐⒁鈴木涞恼Z(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序。1.my question is who left. _2. thats wh

11、at he wants. _3. this is where they once lived. _4. that is why he didnt come here. _那是他想要的那是他想要的。這就是他們?cè)?jīng)住過(guò)的地方這就是他們?cè)?jīng)住過(guò)的地方這就是他為何沒(méi)到這兒來(lái)的原因這就是他為何沒(méi)到這兒來(lái)的原因我想問(wèn)的是誰(shuí)離開(kāi)了我想問(wèn)的是誰(shuí)離開(kāi)了4）because，as，as if，as though its just because he doesnt know her. 這是僅僅因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識(shí)她。這是僅僅因?yàn)樗徽J(rèn)識(shí)她。things are not always as they seem to be.

12、事物并不總是如其表象。事物并不總是如其表象。he looks as if hes tired. 他好像累了。他好像累了。 1. the question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.a.that b. if c. when d. whether2the reason why he failed is _he was too careless.a.because b. that c. for d. because of3. go and get your coat. it s _you left ita. where b. there

13、c. there where d. where there鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)4the problem is _to take the place of teda. who can we get b. what we can getc. who we can get d. that we can get5. what i want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.a.that b. if c. whether d.不填6. the reason is_i missed the bus. a. that b. when c. why d. wha

14、t7. that is _ _ we were late last time. a. that b. when c. why d. what8. she looked _ she were ten years younger.a. that b. like c. as d. as though9.i fell sick!-i think it is _ you are doing too much. a. why b. when c. what d. because 10. the reason why he hasnt come is _. a.because his mother is i

15、ll b. because of his mothers being illc. that his mother is ill d. for his mother is ill11. he was born here.- that is _ he likes the place so much.a. that b. what c. why d. how12.that is _ lu xun once lived.a. what b. where c. that d. whythat/what的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1_your father wants to know is_ getting on wit

16、h your studies.a. what; how are you b. that；how you are c. how；that you are d. what；how you are2. the trouble is_we are short of tools. a.what b. that c. how d. why 3. america was _was first called “india” by columbus.a. what b. where c. the place d. there總結(jié)：表語(yǔ)從句中that和what的區(qū)別that在表語(yǔ)從句中，不充當(dāng)句子成分，what除

17、了充當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞還在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。part 2notesnotes一、一、同位語(yǔ)從句的概念同位語(yǔ)從句的概念二、二、同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞三、三、其后常用同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞其后常用同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞四、四、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 同位語(yǔ)從句，即從句在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同同位語(yǔ)從句，即從句在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，是對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的解釋、說(shuō)明。位語(yǔ)，是對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的解釋、說(shuō)明。e.g. we heard e.g. we heard the newsthe news that our teamthat our team had won. had w

18、on.the factthe fact that the transport of that the transport of the goods costs too much the goods costs too much was not was not discussed.discussed.sydney kept sydney kept his promisehis promise that he would that he wouldalways do anything he could for luciealways do anything he could for lucieto

19、 make sure of her happiness.to make sure of her happiness.同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞常用同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞常用that, wh-, howthat, wh-, how等。等。e.g.e.g.i have no idea when he will be back.how he can get the treasure.where the concert will be hold.who can finish the work.why it happened.which pen is mine.what we should do next.whom

20、 they are talking about.whether itll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the game. 其后常用同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要是抽象名詞，如：其后常用同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要是抽象名詞，如：belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news,belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news,possibility, thought, message, problem,possibility, thought, message, problem,promise, promi

21、se, 等等。等等。同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別一、比較：一、比較： the suggestion that we discuss the problem the suggestion that we discuss the problem all over again is a good one.all over again is a good one. 同位語(yǔ)從句：同位語(yǔ)從句：定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句: : the suggestion that he gave at the meetingthe suggestion that he gave at the meeting

22、was a good one.was a good one. what is the suggestion? the suggestion is that we discuss the problem all over again.which suggestion was a good one?the suggestion that he gave at the meeting.二、區(qū)別二、區(qū)別1 1、 同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋、同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋、說(shuō)明它是什么、是誰(shuí)；說(shuō)明它是什么、是誰(shuí)；thatthat不充當(dāng)句子成份。不充當(dāng)句子成份。2 2、 定語(yǔ)從句是修飾前面的先行詞；定語(yǔ)從句是修飾前面的先行詞；thatthat在句在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，有實(shí)際意義。中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，有實(shí)際意義。鞏固性練習(xí)：1.the fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. a.that b.what c.why d.which 2.the fact _ he was successful proves his ability