人教版英語(yǔ)選修七第一單元語(yǔ)法PPT課件

1、1m7u1 living wellm7u1 living wellgrammargrammar2動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式(infinitive) 由由 “ to + do ”“ to + do ” 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成, 否定形式否定形式_ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)(subject)、表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)(predicative) 、 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(object)、賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)(object complement) 、 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)(attribute)、狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)(adverbial) 、 做獨(dú)立成分做獨(dú)立成分(independent component) 與疑問詞等連用與疑問詞等連用p.s: 不定式不定式可有自己的可有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ),即即

2、for sb. to do sth. 動(dòng)詞不定式不能作動(dòng)詞不定式不能作_謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)not/never to donot/never to do31. 1. 不定式作主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ) (subject)(subject) to finish this report took him a week. 眼見為實(shí)。眼見為實(shí)。 to see is to believe. = seeing is believing. its impossible _ humans to fly like a bird now. its polite _ you to greet everyone. p.s: 單個(gè)不定式作主

3、語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單個(gè)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_。 不定式作主、賓、表通常表示具體的、一次性的、不定式作主、賓、表通常表示具體的、一次性的、特定的行為。特定的行為。 若不定式太長(zhǎng)，多用若不定式太長(zhǎng)，多用it作作_,不定式置后。不定式置后。forof單數(shù)單數(shù)形式主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)42. 2. 不定式作表語(yǔ)不定式作表語(yǔ) (predicative)(predicative) what i would suggest is to put off the meeting. to see is to believe. = seeing is believing.p.s:主語(yǔ)為不定式，表語(yǔ)也需為主語(yǔ)為不定式，表語(yǔ)

4、也需為_. 我的工作是要幫助病人。我的工作是要幫助病人。 my job is to help the patients. the only thing to do now is (to) go on. what ill do is (to) tell her the truth. all he did just now was (to) complete the form. p.s:當(dāng)主語(yǔ)含有當(dāng)主語(yǔ)含有_，作表語(yǔ)的不定式可省，作表語(yǔ)的不定式可省略略_.不定式不定式do 的某種形式的某種形式to53. 3. 不定式作賓語(yǔ)不定式作賓語(yǔ) (object)(object) i decided to a

5、sk forto ask for my money back. 我覺得他不可能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。我覺得他不可能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。 i feel it it impossible for him to finish the to finish the job in such a short timejob in such a short time. it 作作_： think/consider/find/feel/believe/suppose/ think/consider/find/feel/believe/suppose/ make + make + it it + adj

6、./ n.+ + adj./ n.+ to doto do sth. sth. 形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)64. 4. 不定式作賓補(bǔ)不定式作賓補(bǔ) (object complement)(object complement)1) 帶帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的不定式作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后皆以帶等后皆以帶to的不的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。定式作賓補(bǔ)。2)他做了一個(gè)鬼臉?biāo)隽艘粋€(gè)鬼臉, 逗得大家都笑了。逗得大家都笑了。 he made a face and made us

7、laugh. 作賓補(bǔ)的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶不帶toto: 使役動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞make, have, let; 感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等等被動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)he made a face and we _.were made to laughp.s. 若上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)若上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), toto要還原要還原。7 1. they saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. the boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.2.

8、mother made john wash the car for a week. john was made to wash the car for a week.85. 5. 不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ) (attribute)(attribute) could you lend me a pen _(write)? he is looking for a room _(live). please pass me some paper _ (write). p.sp.s：若不定式是若不定式是vi., 不定式后介詞不可省。不定式后介詞不可省。 he had place _ (live).p.sp

9、.s：不定式所修飾的名詞若是不定式所修飾的名詞若是time, place或或way，其的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。，其的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。 to write withto live into write onto liveto live95. 5. 不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ) (attribute)(attribute) 她總是第一個(gè)到最后一個(gè)離開。她總是第一個(gè)到最后一個(gè)離開。 she is always the first to come and the last to leave.p.sp.s：當(dāng)名詞被當(dāng)名詞被the first ,the last, the only等等序數(shù)詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，通

10、常用不定序數(shù)詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，通常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。式作定語(yǔ)。 the meeting _ (hold) tomorrow is important. p.sp.s：不定式作定語(yǔ)表示不定式作定語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。to be held10something, anything, nothing, everything 等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語(yǔ)。等復(fù)合不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語(yǔ)。 do you have anything do you have anything _(_(send)send) ? ? i have nothing i have nothing _(_(say)s

11、ay) . .to sendto say11不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)與所修飾的詞之間有與所修飾的詞之間有三種關(guān)系：三種關(guān)系：(1) _ 關(guān)系關(guān)系i have a lot of work to do.(2) _ 關(guān)系關(guān)系he is always the first to come.(3) _ 關(guān)系關(guān)系we all have a chance to go to college.動(dòng)賓動(dòng)賓主謂主謂同位同位126. 6. 不定式作狀語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ) (adverbial)(adverbial) 1) 目的目的狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) (to do, in order to, so as to doto do, in or

12、der to, so as to do)i stayed there what would happen. he spoke loudly be heard. 2) 結(jié)果結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) (tooto do, so/ such as to dotooto do, so/ such as to do)he lay in the bed only _ his feet exposed. he got there only _ (find) the train gone. 3) 原因原因狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) (be + adj. + to dobe + adj. + to do )sorry, surprised,

13、 happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel we were very excited the news.i have to say goodbye now. im happy you. to findto findto findto find13辨析辨析 doing/ to do 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)i went to see my aunt only to find her out.i went to see my aunt, finding her out. he donated a

14、 lot of money _ (enable) the orphans to go to school. he donated a lot of money, _ (enable) the orphans to go to school. to enableenabling14_ (老實(shí)說老實(shí)說), i am not happy at the moment. to be frank to be frank to be honestto be honest to tell the to tell the truthtruth to be short to be shortto begin wi

15、th to begin with to be exact to be exact to make a long story short to make a long story short7. 7. 不定式作獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)不定式作獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) (absolute construction) (absolute construction)to be honest15動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have beendone16(1) they pretended not to

16、see us.(2) he pretended to be sleeping. (3) she pretended to have known it before.(在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí),不定式的動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行。不定式的動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行。)(完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。)(4) were happy to have been working with you.(完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)。不定式的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)。) it is an honor

17、 for me _ (invite) to attend the meeting. he wants the house _ (repair) at once. to be invitedto be repaired171) do you have anything else _ (say)?2) boss, do you have anything _ (type)?3) with much homework _ (do), i cant go to play football with you.4) the question is very difficult _(answer).5) t

18、he problem is easy _(deal with). 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)be +adj. +to do : difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome, interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important. 6) the river water is warm enough to swim in.7) the ice is too thin to skate on. too to do, enough to do 注意：一、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義注意：一、

19、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義to sayto be typedto doto answerto deal with181. 如果主語(yǔ)部分有如果主語(yǔ)部分有do, 用作表語(yǔ)的不定式可省略用作表語(yǔ)的不定式可省略to。 你要做的就是快點(diǎn)完成任務(wù)。你要做的就是快點(diǎn)完成任務(wù)。 all you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly.2. 感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞后作賓補(bǔ)時(shí), 省去省去to；但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中to還原。還原。 他們看到男孩從樹上跌了下來。他們看到男孩從樹上跌了下來。 they saw the boy fall fro

20、m the tree. = the boy was seen to fall from the tree.注意：二、不定式注意：二、不定式toto的省略的省略193. cant but/ cant choose but / cant help but / cant do but + do she could do nothing but _ (cry). we can not choose but _(leave)at once. i have no choice but _ (go). we can not help but _(think) so. 注意：二、不定式注意：二、不定式toto

21、的省略的省略crycryto goto gothinkthink 4. 不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過不定式中的動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要省略該動(dòng)詞下文要省略該動(dòng)詞.- would you like to go with me? - id like _.toto 不定式是不定式是to be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), be 不可省不可省.- would you like to be a teacher?- id like _.to beto beleaveleave20不定式與疑問詞不定式與疑問詞who, which, when, how, who, which, when, how, whatwhat等連用，可充

22、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等連用，可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。、賓語(yǔ)等。 he didnt know what to say. . how to solve the problem is very important. . my question is when to start. .注意：三、不定式與疑問詞連用注意：三、不定式與疑問詞連用賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 為什么不休息下呢？為什么不休息下呢？ why not have a rest? p.s: 在與在與why連用時(shí)，只用于連用時(shí)，只用于why或或why not開頭開頭的簡(jiǎn)短疑問句中，后跟的簡(jiǎn)短疑問句中，后跟不帶不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。的動(dòng)詞不定式。 2

23、1stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事停下來去做某事 doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事忘記去做某事 doing sth. 忘記已做了某事忘記已做了某事remember to do sth. 記得去做某事記得去做某事 doing sth. 記得曾經(jīng)做某事記得曾經(jīng)做某事注意：四、幾對(duì)易混淆的詞組注意：四、幾對(duì)易混淆的詞組22旅游局國(guó)慶“十一”黃金周工作總結(jié)_旅游局國(guó)慶“十一”黃金周工作小結(jié)20 xx年“十一”黃金周假日期間，在市旅指辦的正確指導(dǎo)和縣委、縣政府的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，縣旅指委各成員單位密切配合，與各職能部門、旅游企業(yè)共同努力、

24、科學(xué)研判，在總結(jié)“杭州g20 暢游黃山”活動(dòng)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，提前謀劃，積極備戰(zhàn)，圓滿完成了假日旅游統(tǒng)計(jì)、協(xié)調(diào)督導(dǎo)和安全保障工作，旅游市場(chǎng)井然有序，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“十一”假日旅游安全平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。一、總體接待情況據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，20 xx年“十一”黃金周七天全縣收費(fèi)景區(qū)實(shí)際共接待游客21.22萬(wàn)人，同比下降8.61%；門票收入1111.8 萬(wàn)元，同比下降13.52 %。其中：西遞接待游客 6.28萬(wàn)人，同比下降13.37%，門票收入304.44萬(wàn)元，同比下降12.64%；宏村接待游客10.84萬(wàn)人，同比下降8.19%，門票收入701.95萬(wàn)元，同比下降15.48 %。二、主要特點(diǎn)亮點(diǎn)一是長(zhǎng)線游客穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)。隨著季節(jié)

25、轉(zhuǎn)換，氣溫日漸舒適，加上假期時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，比較適宜旅行。許多年輕人帶著父母、孩子出來放松心情，暢快出游。今年我縣重點(diǎn)圍繞京福高鐵及延伸線沿線市場(chǎng)以及高速、航空市場(chǎng)展開秋季產(chǎn)1. last summer i took a course on _. a. how to make dresses b. how dresses be made c. how to be made dresses d. how dresses to be made課堂練兵課堂練兵232. ive worked with children before, so i know what _ in my new job. a. e

26、xpected b. to expect c. to be expecting d. expects3. there are five pairs_, but i am at a loss which to buy. a to be chosen b to choose from c to choose d for choosing244. i find these problems are easy _. a. to be worked out b. to work them out c. to work out d. to be worked them out5. _ late in th

27、e morning, bob turned off the alarm. a. to sleep b. sleeping c. sleep d. having slept256. i would love _ to the party last night but i had to work extra hours to finish a report. a. to go b. having gone c. going d. to have gone7. john was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. a. to wash b. wa

28、shing c. wash d. to be washing268. tom kept quiet about the accident lose his job. a. so not as to b. so as not to c. so as to not d. not so as to9. the patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. a. to eat not b. eating not c. not to eat d. not eating271. _ this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175

29、g sugar and 175g flour. (2006 廣東卷廣東卷) a. having made b. make c. to make d. making282. leonardo da vinci (1452 - 1519) _ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. (2007 重慶卷重慶卷) a. is said to be buying b. is said to have bought c. had said to buy d. has said to have bough

30、t293. i like getting up very early in summer. the morning air is so good _. (2008 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷) a. to be breathed b. to breathe c. breathing d. being breathed304. did the book give the information you needed? yes. but _ it, i had to read the entire book. (2008 北京卷北京卷) a. to find b. find c. to finding d. f

31、inding315. david threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. (2009 上海卷上海卷) a. to be reported b. reporting c. to report d. having reported326. with the world changing fast, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day. (2009 重慶卷重慶卷) a. deal b. dealt c. to deal d.

32、dealing337. the children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. (2009 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷i) a. looked at b. to look at c. to looking at d. look at348. with fathers day around the corner, i have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. (2010 全國(guó)全國(guó)i卷卷) a. buy b. to buy c. buying d. to have boug