畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)翻譯(果園噴霧機(jī))

1、United States PatentFigSmith(54 ORCHARD SPRAYING MACHINES75 Inventor:Anthony Pawson Smith, Stockbury,England73 Assignee: Drake & Fletcher Limited, England 22 Filed:May 14, 197521 Appl. No.: 577,45430Foreign Application Priority DataMay !6, 1974United Kingdom . 2 1789/7452) U.S. Cl. . 239J77 51 I

2、nt. Cl.' . A01N 17/0858 Field of Search . 239/77, 78(56References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS2,538,8791 /195 INew comb et at. . 239J782,587,2402/1952Spreng . 239J772,618,508 I I / i 952Daugherty . 239J772,620,230 12/1952Hait . 239J782,686,9908/ 1954Matthews . 239/77 X2,925,2222/1960Spreng . 239J

3、77 X3,097,7947Jl963Oawson . 239/783,227,3761Jl9. 66Rittenhouse . 239/783,385,52 15Jl968Ballu . 239/77FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS154,04 84/ 1956Sweden . 239/78Primary :azminer John J. LoveAttorne y, Agent, or Firm Oblon, Fisher, Spivak,McClelland & Mater57ABSTRACTThe invention relates to orch

4、ard spraying machines in which a vehicular frame carries a chamber housing a fan disposed with its axis horizontal to draw air into the chamber. The fan forces air through peripheral outlets in the chamber in a direction substantially radially of the fan axis to entrain, as a spray, insecticidal or

5、other material discharged into the ejected air stream. In the improvements provided by the invention, the fan is located at the front of the chamber to blow air through an open front end thereof and, additionally or alterna- tively, the chamber is divided downstream of the fan into a plurality of ax

6、ially extending air passages spaced angularly about the fan axis.11 Claims, 7 Drawing FiguresI896 I 0p jo ; laaqi£6I 9Z I»°vjua3e a snU.S. PatentApril 26, 1977Sheet 2 of 44,019,682U.S. PatentApril 26, 1977Sheet 4 of 44,019,6824,019 6822ORCHARDSPRAWNGMACHINESThis invention relates to s

7、praying for horticulture and like purposes, and provides an improved spraying ma- chine of the kind comprising a vehicular frame havin 8 mounted thereon a chamber housing a fan disposed with its axis horizontal to draw air into the chamber andto force it through peripheral outlets in the casing in a

8、 direction substantially radially of the fan axis and means discharging material to be sprayed into the ejected air stream whereby said material is estrained in said air stream. Spraying machines of said kind are knoum as “orchard spraying machines” and will be referred to such hereinafter.In known

9、orchard spraying machines, the fan is lo- cated at the rear of the frame (relative to the direction of travel thereof during spraying) to draw air into a rearwardly facing open end of the chamber. Such an arrangement has the disadvantage of permitting the fan to suck in dust, leaves and spray made a

10、irborne by the forward movement of the machine and, when it is not self-propelled (as usual), the towing vehicle. In particu- far, the force of the spray generated by the machine dislodges leaves from trees being sprayed and these leaves are drawn towards the fan. It is usual practice to provide a m

11、esh guard over the rear end of the chamber to prevent ingress of the leaves but the leaves cling to the guard and reduce the air intake into the chamber. Further, in said known machines air is allowed to circu- late substantially freely in the chamber and, in particu- far, to swirl about the fan axi

12、s. Accordingly, they are inefficient both in terms of power usage and spray control.To the best of the Inventors knowledge about half-a- million orchard spraying machines have been manufac- tured over a period of about 35 years by more than 50 different companies and every one of them has suffered f

13、rom at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages. He has now devised simple yet effective improvements to orchard spraying machines which overcome, or at least reduce substantially, those disadvantages.According to a first embodiment of the present in- vention, there is provided an orchard spray

14、ing machine in which the chamber has a forwardly facing open end and the fan is mounted in said end.According to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an orchard spraying ma- chine in which the chamber is divided downstream of the fan into a plurality of axially extending a

15、ir passages spaced angularly about the fan axis, each passage com- municating with one or more respecfive peripheral air outlets.In a preferred embodiment an orchard spraying ma- chine of the invention incorporates the features of both of said first and second embodiments.Conveniently the vehicular

16、frame is a trailer adapted to be towed by (and to receive power from) an agricul- tural tractor, and the open, intake, end of the chamberThe air passages of the second embodiment suitably are defined by a plurality of angularly spaced vanes extending radially of the fan axis. Preferably, the air pas

17、sages have respective curve surfaces to smoothly direct air towards the air outlets. It is also preferred that guide plates are provided at the air outlets to con- trol the direction of emission of the air flowing out from the various passages. These guide plates can direct all of the air leaving th

18、e air outlets sideways of the ma- chine, suitably within an angularly spaced pair of arcseach between 300 below horizontal to 400 above hori-zontal. The means discharging spraying material into the air streams can comprise a spray boom having noz- zles pointing in the direction of air flow and locat

19、ed15 between the outlet ends of guide plates when the latter are provided.The invention will be clearly understood from the following description of one form (given, however, merely by way of example J which it may assume, and20 this description will be more readily followed by refer- ence to the ac

20、companying drawings whereinFIG. 1 represents in side elevation a trailer support- ing a spraying device in accordance with the invention: FIG. 2 represents a slightly enlarged cross-sectional25 view of the rear end of the air chamber in the planeAA of FIG. 1:FIG. 3 represents a sectional view of the

21、 plane BBof FIG. 2:FIG. 4 represents a front view of an alternative ar- rangement of air-distributing means which may be em ployed in place of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2:FIG. 5 represents an enlarged sectional view in the plane CC of FIG. 4:FIG. 6 represents yet another airdistributing device:3

22、5 andFIG. 7 represents an enlarged view of part of the device shown in FIG. 6, illustrating angular dispostion of the outlet mouths.In carrying the invention into effect in one conve- 40 nient manner, as shown in the aforesaid drawings, a horticultural or like spraying apparatus comprises a trailer

23、frame 1 on wheels 2 with a towbar 3 for attach- ment to a tractor. A transmission shaft 4 is provided for attachment to the power take-off shaft of the tractor in45 order to drive components mounted on the trailer, as described below.On the trailer frame 1 is mounted on brackets 5 a cylindrical air

24、chamber 6, and a tank 7 for liquid insec- ticide. In the inlet mouth of the chamber 6 is mounted on axial flow fan 8 of which the shaft 9 extends between bearings 10. The transmission shaft 4 is connected by gearing, not shown, to a shaft 11 in bearings 12. A belt 13, or preferably a chain runs over

25、 the pulleys, or toothed wheels, respectively on the shafts 9 and 11 to55 drive the fan 8 from the power take-off shaft of a trac- tor to which the shaft 4 is connected. The rear end of the chamber 6 is closed, but has peripheral outlets for substantially radial escape of air directed into and throu

26、gh the chamber 6 when the fan 8 is driven.is in this case directed to the forward, tow-bar, end of 60the trailer.The vehicular frame of the first embodiment can carry a spraying material tank rearwardly of the cham- ber and this tank may have an agitator which can bedriven mechanically from the fan.

27、 For example, the 65 agitator can be driven from the rear end of a shaft driven by the fan and extending through the tank in a fluid-tight manner.It is a feature of the invention that the open end of the chamber 6 constituting the air inlet opening is di- rected to the forward end of the trailer fra

28、me 1, i.e. forwardly in the direction of movement of the trailer when towed. This inlet mouth of the chamber 6 may be fitted svith a wire or like grid (not shown) to prevent inadvertent access when the fan is running.The air escaping from the peripheral outlets at the rear of the chamber 6 constitut

29、es an air stream to carry4,019 68234to trees, bushes and the like insecticidal spray en-When the guide plate frames are fitted to the outlet trained in the airstream when discharged from nozzles slot of the chamber 6 arid the fan is set in motion the of a spray boom 14, to which the insecticide is f

30、ed from airstream is divided by the vanes 18, and guided by the tank 7 by way of a pipe 15 to a pump 16, driven by the walls 20, 22 and the guide plates 25, to follow a desired shaft 4 andJor shaft 11, and thence by way of a pipe 17 5 flow pattern, and to carry entrained spray from the to the spray

31、boo -boom 14 in the desired manner.It is not desired to direct insecticide to the ground, orTo secure different spray patterns alternative ar-vertically into the air, and in order to avoid such W8Ste rangements of vanes 18 and guide plates 25 may beit is a further feature of the invention to provide

32、 means for guiding and controlling the flow of air through, and from, the chamber 6 and its outlets. With this end in view partitions inside the casing 6 and/or guide means for the air in the peripheral outlet of the casing may be provided.In one convenient arrangement, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the i

33、nterior of the chamber is partitioned by a plurality of radial vanes 18 projecting from a central boss 19, and extending the full length of the chamber from a pivot just to the rear of the fan 8, to the closed rear end of the chamber 6. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 20 twelve such vanes may be provided

34、in an equispaced angular array. These vanes cause the airstream to flow along twelve independent paths or channels, and pre- vent spiral flow. In order to guide these separate air-provided. In FIGS. 4 and 5 is shown an arrangement of 16 vanes 18 with a corresponding number of guide plates 25 to prov

35、ide a substantially parallel horizontal spraystream on each side of the machine. In FIGS. 6 and 7 another arrangement providing 16 channels, with the guide plates 25 curved to ensure horizontal emis- sion on each side just above ground level, and increas- ing upwardly inclined flows from the outlets

36、 above. The mouths of the outlets from the guide plate frame may in this case be inclined to one another by an angle of about 10 as shown in FIG. 7.The tank 7 has an agitator shaft 27 journaled for rotation in bearings 28 and carrying paddles shown diagrammatically at 29. Shaft 27 extends rearwardly

37、 of tank 7 where it is connected by a belt 30 running over respective pulleys to a drive shaft 31. This shaft 31 isflows to a direction of escape substantially radially ofthe chamber 6 at the rear outlet slot, there is fitted at the rear end of each channel a curved plate 20 to en- sure a smooth cur

38、ved wall guiding the air from substan- tially axial to substantially radial movement against the rear closure wall 21 of the chamber 6. The outer wall of each arcuate-sectioned channel between vanes 18 is also provided with a curved guide wall 22 substantially parallel to the face of the boss 19 and

39、 the curved guide 20.The outlet slot of the chamber 6 is defined between a flange 23 and the end wall 21 of the chamber, and is fitted with guide plates which direct the escaping col- umns of air in pre-arranged desired directions. Such guide plates are incorporated in frames adapted to fit to the e

40、dges of the end wall 21 arid flange 23, and as seen in FIG. 2 for such frames may be provided to encircle the outlet slot of the chamber (two of the frames being shown detached from the outlet slot).Each frame comprises parallel side plates 24 with guide plates 25 extending between them, in spaced p

41、ositions. The inner edges of the plates 24 are part-cir- cular to conform with the intumed edges of the end wall 21 and flange 23 of the chamber outlet slot; and they have outwardly extending flanges 26 to fit over the flange 23 and plate 21(FIG. 3). The guide plates 25 project inwards beyond the fl

42、anges 26, so that when the frame is fitted to the chamber 6 of the inner edges of the guide plates mate with edges of the vanes 18, (FIGS. 2 and 3). The number of guide plates 25 corre- spend to the number of vanes 18, and the guide plates are curved to ensure that the air escaping from each channel

43、 between adjacent vanes 18 is ejected in a de- sired direction. In the guide members shovm in FIG. 2 it will be seen that the flows from the uppermost chan-nels are directed sideways, one to the right and the other to the left, at angles of about 30 400 upwards tothe horizontal, while the flows from

44、 the Jowermost channels are directed at angles of about 2fl 30 to the horizontal, and flows from intermediate channels di- rected at different angles intermediate between those of the uppermost and lowermost channels. The spray boom 14 is held by clips in semi-circular recesses in the outer edges of

45、 the guide plates 25.25 joumaled for rotation in bearings 32 and extendsthrough a stationary sleeve 33. The forward end of the shaft 31 is connected at a universal joint 34 to a further drive shaft 35 which is in turn connected to shaft 9 by a universal joint 36. It will be seen therefore that fan 8

46、, or more precisely the shaft on which it is mounted, provide the drive for the agitator in tank 7.It wll be appreciated that the invention is not limitedsolely to the details of the forms described above but35 said details can be mofified or varied, in order to meet various conditions and requireme

47、nts encountered,without departing from the scope of the invention. What is claimed is:1. An orchard spraying machine comprising:40a vehicular frame;a chamber mounted on the frame having a forward-facing open end disposed at the front of said ma-chine;an axial flow fan mounted in said open end of the

48、45chamber with its axis horizontal so as to draw airinto the chamber through said open end;a plurality of peripheral air outlets in the chamber disposed substantially radially of the fan axis and spaced rearwardly of the fan;50 spray material supply means for discharging material to be sprayed into

49、the air streams passing through said outlets; andmeans dividing the chamber downstream of the fan,said chamber having a diameter substantially cor-55 responding to the diametrical extent of the fan blades, into a plurality of discrete, axially extending air passages spaced angularly about the fan ax

50、is, said air passages being respectively continuously fluidically connected to said peripheral air outlets60 for directing air from said fan, through said air chamber passages, and to said peripheral air out- lets.2. The orchard spraying machine of claim 1 wherein the vehicular frame is a trailer ad

51、apted to be towed by65 an agricultural tractor.3. The orchard spraying machine of claim 1 wherein the vehicular frame carries a spraying material tank rearwardly of the chamber.4,0 19 682564. The orchard spraying machine of claim 3 wherein the tank has an agitator driven mechanically from the fan.5.

52、 The orchard spraying machine of claim 4 wherein the agitator is driven from the rear end of a shaft driven by the fan and extending through the tank in a fluid- tight duct.6. The orchard spraying machine of claim 1 whereinthe means defining the air passages comprises:a plurality of axially elongate

53、d, radially extending vanes spaced angularly about the fan axis.7. The orchard spraying machine of claim 6 wherein said means defining said air passages further comprises curved surface means respectively connected to said vanes at their downstream ends and to said periph-eral outlets so as to smoot

54、hly direct air to said peripheral air outlets from said axial passages.8. The orchard spraying machine of claim 1 wherein guide plates are provided to control the direction of air5 flowing through the air outlets.9. The orchard spraying machine of claim 8 wherein the guide plates are arranged to dir

55、ect all of the air leaving the air outlets sideways of the machine.10. The orchard spraying machine of claim 9 wherein the guide plates are arranged to direct air leaving the machine within an angularly spaced pair of arcs eachbetween about 30O f low horizontal and about 40above horizontal.11. The o

56、rchard spraying machine of claim 9 wherein l5 the spray material supply means includes a spray boom having nozzles pointing in the direction of air flow andlocated between the outlet ends of the guide plates.果園噴霧機(jī) 摘要: 本發(fā)明涉及一種車(chē)輛車(chē)架，其上有一個(gè)裝有一個(gè)裝有其軸線(xiàn)水平的風(fēng)機(jī)，將空氣吸入室內(nèi)的一種風(fēng)室。風(fēng)機(jī)迫使空氣通過(guò)在一個(gè)方向上的徑向風(fēng)扇軸拽出室外圍網(wǎng)點(diǎn)，作為噴霧，殺蟲(chóng)或其他物質(zhì)排入排出的空氣流。本發(fā)明提供的改進(jìn)，風(fēng)扇位于該室前吹空氣通過(guò)一個(gè)開(kāi)放的前端，附加或替代地，室分為風(fēng)扇下游多個(gè)軸向延伸的空氣通道間隔的角度對(duì)風(fēng)扇軸。 正文：本發(fā)明涉及園藝和類(lèi)似用途的噴涂，并提供一種改進(jìn)的噴霧機(jī)的種類(lèi)包括車(chē)載架搭載室殼體風(fēng)扇設(shè)置