Unit2Diet全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程五教案

1、unit 2 diet. suggested teaching plan objectivesstudents will be able to:1. grasp the structure and main idea of the text;2. learn to quote authorities and statistics, and to use cause-and-effect analysis in presenting an argument;3. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the te

2、xt;4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.time allotment1st period2nd period3rd period4th period5th periodpre-reading; while-reading (structure, part i)while-reading (part i, part ii)while-reading; post-reading (quotation)post-read

3、ing; check on ss home reading (text b)theme-related language learning taskspre-reading tasks1. t asks ss the following questions on the recording: (5 minutes) how did the speaker make up his mind to become a vegetarian? (he came to be emotionally attached to two turkeys. later, however, they ended u

4、p on the thanksgiving dinner table. therefore he considered it cruel to kill and eat animals.) why did he think that his mother couldnt become a vegetarian? (because she didnt know the two turkeys personally to sympathize with their fate.)2. discussion: who are those dieters? (25 minutes) 1) ss form

5、 groups to discuss the following questions: what does it mean when someone is on a diet? why do some people go on a diet? is it always healthy to be on a diet? do you know someone who is on a diet? if so, please describe. what kind of diet do you think is the most healthful? 2) some ss groups report

6、 their discussion results to class. 3) t may move on to text a by saying: in text a we are going to read about the reasons for becoming a vegetarian, and in text b there are counter arguments from a meat eater. after that we are going to have a debate about whether a veggie diet is better than a die

7、t containing animal meat, or vice versa. this should be great fun. just bear in mind that what you learn from both texts may be used in the debate.while-reading tasks1. t draws ss attention to text analysis exercise 1, and then dictates to them the main ideas of the three parts of the text. (10 minu

8、tes)2. t explains the language points in part i and has ss practice them. (see language study) (10 minutes)3. ss scans the first sentences of every paragraph in part ii to find out how many reasons there are for choosing a vegetarian lifestyle. (5 minutes) (there are three reasons: paras 5-12 health

9、 and food safety concerns, paras 13- 20 environmental concerns paras 21-29 animal rights concerns)4. t explains the language points in part ii and has ss practice them. (see language study) (45 minutes)5. ss complete text analysis exercise 3 and learn about the use of cause-and-effect analysis in ar

10、gumentation. (10 minutes)6. t explains the language points in part iii and has ss practice them. (see language study) (10 minutes)post-reading tasks1. quoting authorities and statistics (25 minutes)1) t divides the class according to their gender.2) female ss scan the text again to locate places whe

11、re the author quotes authorities; male ss locate places where statistics are cited.3) as the class goes over the text together, randomly chosen female or male ss read aloud what they have found, one quotation per student.4) ss discuss the reason why the author cites authorities and statistics.2. t g

12、uides ss through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes)3. t checks on ss home reading (text b). (3 minutes)4. ss do part iv: theme-related language learning tasks. (1 period)5. t asks ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)1) do the pre-reading task;2) preview text a. cultural notes1. human nu

13、trition: human beings require food to grow, reproduce, and maintain good health. without food, our bodies could not stay warm, build or repair tissue, or maintain a heartbeat. eating the right foods can help us avoid certain diseases or recover faster when illness occurs. these and other important f

14、unctions are fueled by chemical substances in our food called nutrients. nutrients are classified as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. when we eat a meal, nutrients are released from food through digestion. digestion begins in the mouth by the action of chewing and the ch

15、emical activity of saliva, a watery fluid that contains enzymes, certain proteins that help break down food. further digestion occurs as food travels through the stomach and the small intestine, where digestive enzymes and acids liquefy food and muscle contractions push it along the digestive tract.

16、 nutrients are absorbed from the inside of the small intestine into the bloodstream and carried to the sites in the body where they are needed. at these sites, several chemical reactions occur that ensure the growth and function of body tissues. the parts of foods that are not absorbed continue to m

17、ove down the intestinal tract and are eliminated from the body as feces.2. vegetarianism and health: people have adopted vegetarian diets based on scientific studies showing that diets high in fatty animal foods may contribute to the early development of disease, including obesity, coronary artery d

18、isease, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and colorectal cancer. the united states surgeon generals 1988 report on nutrition and health urged americans to reduce their intakes of animal fats, such as those found in meat and dairy products, and to increase consumption of fruits, vegetables, and

19、 whole grains. the vegetarian plant-based diet typically has the advantage of being low in saturated fat, cholesterol, and salt, but it can be lacking in other ways. vegetarians need to plan their diets with special care in order to obtain the essential nutrients received from diets that include mea

20、t, fish, and poultry. following the pyramid food guide published by the department of agriculture can help vegetarians meet all their nutritional requirements. at the bottom of the pyramid are the grains, vegetables, and fruits that are recommended to form the foundation of a healthful diet. in the

21、middle of the pyramid are foods from the milk group and the meat and beans group, which are prescribed in moderate amounts. at the top of the pyramid are high-fat and sugary foods, indicating that they should be eaten in small amounts or avoided altogether. in adapting the pyramid, food guide, veget

22、arians need to eat other foods, such as fortified grains and cereals, that provide necessary nutrients like iron, zinc, vitamin d, and some b vitamins like b12 and b6. vegetarians who avoid milk products must find alternatives that are high in calcium and vitamin d, such as fortified soy milk. lacto

23、-ovo-vegetarians (飲食包括乳制品和蛋類的素食者) can use eggs, nuts, peanut butter, dry beans, peas, and lentils in place of choices from the meat group. with carefully planned diets and a wide variety of foods, it is possible for some lacto-ovo-vegetarian adults to get all essential nutrients without supplements,

24、 but the food pyramid is more difficult to adapt for those on vegan (純素食的) diets. the american dietetic association (ada) recommends that vegans, as well as vegetarians with especially high nutrient needs such as athletes or pregnant women, consider vitamin and mineral supplements. in particular, ve

25、gans need a source of vitamin b f2 in the form of a supplement, since animal products are the only food sources of this vitamin. they must also be sure to get enough of vitamins b2 and b6, and d, as well as adequate intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, and other minerals that most americans obt

26、ain from animal foods. the ada also recommends that infants and children on a vegetarian diet take vitamin supplements for iron, calcium, vitamins b12 and d, and other nutrients to nurture healthy growth. language study1. ideal: satisfying ones idea of what is perfect; most suitable examples: do you

27、 think jane and peter make the ideal couple? disneyland is an ideal place for a holiday with young children.2. refer to: mention or speak of (sb. /sth.) examples: in his autobiography he repeatedly refers to his unhappy school days. which departments did the president refer to in his speech?3. unpar

28、alleled: so great, etc. that it has no equal examples: our team achieved an unparalleled success last week. the country is facing a crisis unparalleled since world war ii.4. fueling the shift toward vegetarianism: encouraging people to change their diet into vegetarian diet5. recommendation: action

29、of recommending; advice examples: the report makes the recommendation that people should take healthy diets. individuals who suffer from serious health problem should first consult a physician for recommendations about the best exercise program to adopt.6. uncover: discover sth. previously secret or

30、 unknown examples: soon after the watergate scandal came to light, investigators uncovered a related group of illegal activities. the investigation uncovered evidence of a large-scale illegal trade in wild birds.7. chronic: lasting for a long time; continually recurring examples: environmental illne

31、sses can be mild or severe and can range from transient to chronic, depending on the doses of toxin received. there is a chronic shortage of teachers in our department.8. association: an organization of people joined together for a particular purpose examples: the british medical association is camp

32、aigning for a complete ban on tobacco advertising. the national basketball association (nba), with teams from the united states and canada, is the major professional basketball league in the world.9. weve running the human biological engine on the wrong fuel: here the author makes use of metaphors.

33、“human biological engine” refers to the human body, “fuel” to food.10. boost: increase the strength or value of (sth.) examples: the theater managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices. share prices were boosted by reports of the presidents recovery.11. drawback: disadvantage or problem

34、examples: one of the drawbacks of sharing an apartment is having to share a bathroom. the only drawback of the plan is its cost.12. devoid of: without (sth.); completely lacking in (sth.) examples: their apartment is devoifi of all comforts. john seems to be devoid of motivation for learning.13. tra

35、ce: very small amount; mark, sign, etc. showing what has existed or happened ( followed by of ) examples: she speaks english without the slightest trace of an accent. there was the faintest trace of a smile on her lips.14. agency: a business or organization providing a usu. specified service example

36、s: she met her husband through a dating agency. the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (unesco) is the agency of the united nations established in 1946 to encourage collaboration among nations in the areas of education, science, culture, and communication.15. infect: (o

37、f harmful bacteria, etc.) enter the body of a person or an animal and cause disease (followed by with) examples: all the tomato plants are infected with a virus. sheep and goats may be infected with the foot-and-mouth disease without showing any symptoms. early in 2003, a number of people in this ar

38、ea were infected with sars.16. its like playing russian roulette with your health: you risk your health to eat animal foods.17. unfortunately: regrettably; unluckily examples: unfortunately i didnt have my credit card with me or id certainly have bought it. unfortunately he was out.18. bow: bend the

39、 head or body as a sign of respect examples: he bowed down before the king and begged for mercy. everyone bowed as the queen walked into the room. bow to: submit to (sth.); accept or obey (sth.) examples: the government refused to bow to public pressure. the school authorities have bowed to the stud

40、ents demand for improved housing.19. document: paper that gives information, proof, or support of something else examples: official / confidential / legal documents they are charged with using forged documents. today the u.s. postal service (usps) offers better service at lower cost, including elect

41、ronic document delivery services and new electronic sorting systems.20. retrieve: get (sth.) back examples: computers are used to store and retrieve information efficiently. we taught our dog to retrieve a ball.21. this should come as no surprise: its not surprising that governments have bowed to pr

42、essure from powerful lobby groups.22. intake: the amount or number allowed to enter, or taken in; the process of taking a substance into a body or a machine (followed by of) examples: his wife asked him to reduce his alcohol intake. she was told to reduce her intake of animal fat in order to lose we

43、ight.23. package: make (sth.) into or put (sth.) in a bag, box, etc., e.g. for selling examples: these organic olives are packaged in recycled containers. after food is processed and packaged, it enters an extensive distribution network across the country and even around the world.24. . to fuel the

44、demand for land: to increase the demand for land25. heighten: (cause sth. to) become higher or more intense, intensify examples: the strong police presence only heightened the tension of the situation. the terrorists attack on the world trade center prompted president bush to heighten security measu

45、res at u.s. airports. these latest murders in the neighborhood have heightened fears of further attacks.26. irrigation: act of supplying (land) with water by artificial mean, such as by changing the course of streams examples: many regions of the western united states depend on dams for irrigation,

46、flood control, and power. the farmers improved their irrigation system, hoping that they would have a good harvest next year.27. dam: build a dam across (a river, etc.)examples: they are damming the river. this reservoir was formed by damming the yellow river.28. edible: fit or suitable to be eaten

47、examples: we are told that only the leaves of the plant are edible. can you tell the difference between edible and poisonous berries? an average supermarket handles thousands of edible items including meat, fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, canned groceries, bakery items, delicatessen, an

48、d frozen foods.29. get out: produce or publish examples: they said theyd try to get the new dictionary out by the end of the year. he got out the story to the papers.30. survey: an examination of peoples behavior or opinions, usually based on questions you ask them; a careful examination of an area

49、of land in order to make a map; a general view of a place, subject or situation examples: a recent survey found that 58% of people did not know where their heart is. students conducted a geological survey of the town with their teachers help. you must include a survey of the relevant literature in y

50、our essay. v. example: the researchers surveyed the attitudes of 2500 college students on the issue.31. contaminate: pollute (sth.) by dirt, chemicals, or radiation so that it becomes impure or harmful examples: much of the coast has been contaminated by nuclear waste. the infection was probably cau

51、sed by swimming in water contaminated with sewage. large-scale releases of hazardous materials may cause thousands of deaths and contaminate air, water, and soil for many years.32. lay / bring / press charges against: accuse (sb.) formally of a crime examples: the police brought a charge of theft against him. they havent laid charges against her because they couldnt find enough evidence.33. exclude: ignore as a consideration; leave (sth.) out; not to include (sth.) (used in the pattern: exclude sb. /