新概念英語第二冊第45課課件PPT課件

1、What should we do when we lost money.Someone must have stolen my money.第1頁/共28頁The lostlostandandfoundfound第2頁/共28頁第3頁/共28頁第4頁/共28頁clear adj. kli adj.晴朗的晴朗的, 清澈的；無愧的清澈的；無愧的, 清白的；清楚的清白的；清楚的, 明白的；暢通的明白的；暢通的, 無阻的無阻的 adv.清晰地清晰地, 清楚地；完全清楚地；完全, 一直一直 vi.轉(zhuǎn)晴轉(zhuǎn)晴 vt.掃除掃除, 清除；清除；(從電腦中從電腦中)消除消除(數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù))；證明；證明無罪無罪; 宣

2、告宣告無罪無罪第5頁/共28頁 A clear conscience 問心無愧clear在這里的含義為“清白的”、“無罪的”，因此這個(gè)短語又可譯為“清白的良心”相當(dāng)于 a good conscience，反義詞為 a bad conscience（感到內(nèi)疚）。第6頁/共28頁 The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. （1）village在這里為總稱，指“村民”，the whole village指“全村的人”，后面通常跟單數(shù)動(dòng)詞（有時(shí)也可視為復(fù)數(shù)）：The whole village exci

3、ted by the news.這消息使全村的人興奮。（2）learn在句中的含義為“獲悉”、“得知”：我剛剛得知她病了。wasIve just learnt that she was ill.第7頁/共28頁 Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. taking為現(xiàn)在分詞。與動(dòng)名詞相似，它也可以有自己的賓語、狀語等。在連詞while之后，現(xiàn)在分詞短語的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句：while he was taking his savings

4、to the post office?，F(xiàn)在分詞這樣用的前提是兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語是同一個(gè)，并且這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作通常是同時(shí)發(fā)生的：他一邊打掃房間一邊聽音樂。如果是主語不一致則必須用從句：我打掃房間時(shí)，他在聽音樂。He listened to music while cleaning the room.He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.第8頁/共28頁 Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagersmust用于對過去已發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行推測時(shí)，后面的

5、動(dòng)詞要用完成式：我到這兒的時(shí)候他已不在了。When I arrived, he wasnt here. 他一定早走了。He must have left early.第9頁/共28頁it contained half the money he had lost, 我們既可以說 half the money，也可以說 half of the money，它們可以互相替代.但是money前都必須有the，因?yàn)槭侵柑囟ǖ腻X。如：這面包有一半已變質(zhì)了。Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.第10頁/共28頁In time, all Sams money w

6、as paid back in this way.（1）in time 表示“經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間”或“最終”、“遲早”：一段時(shí)間以后，他找到了他需要的所有書。In time, he found all the books he needed.我最終總有一天會把一切都告訴你的。Ill tell you everything in time.（2）in this way 表示“用這樣的方式”：你必須注意你的拼寫。這樣你才能最終成為一個(gè)好秘書。 You must pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secre

7、tary in time.第11頁/共28頁 被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一、什么是語態(tài)？一、什么是語態(tài)？ 語態(tài)是英語動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語和謂語動(dòng)語態(tài)是英語動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來說明主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。詞之間的關(guān)系。二、語態(tài)的種類二、語態(tài)的種類：（1 1）主動(dòng)語態(tài)）主動(dòng)語態(tài) （2 2）被動(dòng)語態(tài)）被動(dòng)語態(tài)三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：( (八種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）八種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）第12頁/共28頁1) am/is/are +done (過去分詞過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2) has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 3) am/is /are be

8、ing done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 4) was/were done 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 5) had been done 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) Visitors are asked not to touch the exhibits.(展品）All the preparations for the task have been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the end of last year, another new gym had been comple

9、ted in Beijing. 第13頁/共28頁6)was/were being done 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 7)shall/will be done 一般將來時(shí) 8） should/would be done 過去將來時(shí) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1）帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過去分詞。 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon a

10、s it arrived.The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.第14頁/共28頁5、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題1.把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)保留主動(dòng)語態(tài)原來的時(shí)態(tài)。如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her.2.有些動(dòng)詞可以有雙賓語，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語（sb.）His mother gave him a present for his birthdayHe was given a present by his

11、mother for his birthday. 第15頁/共28頁3) 當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動(dòng).Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香煙）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加toSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A strang

12、er was seen to walk into the building. 第16頁/共28頁5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞介詞”，“動(dòng)詞副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday第17頁/共28頁一、系動(dòng)詞 taste, smell, feel, sound, prove等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如:1這些花聞起來很香。2那聽起來很有道理。3那食物嘗起來很可口。These flowers smell sweet.That sounds very

13、 reasonable. The food tastes delicious.第18頁/共28頁二、某些與 cant wont 等連用的不及物動(dòng)詞，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。如：1盒子不能移動(dòng)。2門不會關(guān)。The box cant move.The door wont shut.第19頁/共28頁三、某些可用來表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能的不及物動(dòng)詞，如 sell, write, wash, clean,last(耐久), wear(耐穿), 等可用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義. 如:This kind of food sells well. 這種食物暢銷。

14、This cloth washes well and lasts long. 這布料經(jīng)洗、耐穿。The floor doesnt clean easily. 這地板不容易弄干凈。第20頁/共28頁五、形容詞 worth 后面要用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：1小說值得一讀。2事情值得做。The novel is worth reading.The thing is worth doing.第21頁/共28頁四、在動(dòng)詞 require, need, want 等動(dòng)詞之后，可用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。1樹需要澆水。2孩子需要照顧。3電視機(jī)需要修理。The trees need water

15、ing. Children want looking after.The TV needs mending.第22頁/共28頁六、動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：1. 不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成不定式作定語與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如：動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，如：我有許多事情要做。他有幾項(xiàng)任務(wù)要完成。I have a lot of things to do.He has several tasks to complete.第23頁/共28頁2. 在“系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見句型有：1)n. +be + too + adj. + to do The plane is too

16、 high to see.2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to do The book is cheap enough for me to buy.3) n. + be + adj. + to do The question is not easy to answer.第24頁/共28頁（一）改寫句子（一）改寫句子1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year.2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday.3. Mr

17、Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner.4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him.5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow.6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.Trees are plantedThe letter was postedI was givenA picture is being drawnYour homework may

18、 be handed inA letter is going to be written第25頁/共28頁7. I have given you the new book. _ to you.8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her bag.9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you?10. She doesnt let her son swim in the river. _ in the river by her.11. The bridge was being built by them at t