主謂一致三個(gè)原則之歐陽學(xué)創(chuàng)編

1、agreementbetween subjectand verb時(shí)間：創(chuàng)作：歐陽學(xué)主謂一致主要有以下三個(gè) 原貝！j :1、語法一致原則（5種悄 況）2、意義一致原則（10種情 況）3、就近原則語法一致原貝u1. and連接不同的人或事時(shí)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用 復(fù) 數(shù)；但如果連接的名詞指 的是同一人或物，或同一概 念時(shí)，謂語要用單數(shù)。the singer and dancergoingto give us a performancethe knife and fork onthe table.2. 不定式，動(dòng)詞ing形式或 主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)。what he is doing se

2、ems very important. collecting stamps is his hobby.3. 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 who, which, that在從句中作 主語時(shí)，要與先行詞的人 稱和數(shù)保持一致。those who enjoy singing may join us.tom, who is your friend, should help you.i, who am a teacher, lack hum o 匚4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but,

3、 including如果句子中有這 些連接詞和主語連用，謂語 動(dòng)詞的數(shù)隨主語的 變彳匕而 變化。例如：the teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street.5. many a, more than one 與 單數(shù)名詞組成的短語，謂語 用單數(shù)。many a boy has seen it.more than one student is required to redo the homework.意義一致原則1. 不定代詞 all, more, some,any, none作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞 視情況 而定。

4、all of the applesrotten.allof the applerotten.2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of 等以及分 數(shù)、百分比在句子中加 名詞作主語的時(shí)候，謂語 動(dòng)詞與of后面的名詞保 持致。half of the studentsfinished theircompositio n.half of the water(pollute).3. 集合名詞作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)； 指全體人員時(shí)，動(dòng)詞則用 復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集 合名詞有 public, family, class, crowd, audie

5、nce, team,government,groupohisfamilyalready(mov e)to france.his family all music lovers.4. 某些名詞如 people, police,cattle等，形式上是單數(shù)， 但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語 動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用 復(fù)數(shù)。people 指"民族"時(shí)是例夕卜。the police searching for a thief.thecattleeatinggrass on the hill.5. 不定代詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)， 如 someone,somebody,something, anybody等

6、someone is asking for you.6. 某些名詞如 clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses,pants,shorts 等 , 通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式， 但當(dāng)它們披a pair of修 飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單 數(shù)。herea new pair ofshoes for you.7. 某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如 maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。physics is a very interesting subject8. 以a number of作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；以the number of作主

7、語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)。a number of new books are on the deskthe number of students in you class is 50.9. 單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，作主 語的時(shí)候，其謂語動(dòng)詞由 上下文決定，這一類名詞 有:means, works, deer, fish, sheep, chinese, japanese 等。not every means is useful.o not all means are useful.10. 如果主語由“the + 形容 詞（或過去分詞）''結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān) 任時(shí)，謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù);這 類詞有：the

8、brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead 等就近原則either . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or在句子中連接主 語的時(shí)候或者在there be句 型中，謂語動(dòng)詞要和就近的 主語保持一致。應(yīng)該注怠的幾個(gè)問題：1. 在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主 語一致。例如:between the two windows (hang) a picture.2. a (large) quantity of 修飾 可數(shù)

9、或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù) 看后面的名詞。a large quantity of people needed here.quantities of修飾可數(shù)或不 可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如： quantities of food (nuts) on thetable.3. 表示數(shù)量的one and a half 后，名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但 是其短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：one and a half bananas is left on the table.4. 書刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià) 格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單 數(shù)。t

10、hirty years is not a long time.roots is a famous american novel5 every. and everyeach . and each ；no .and no .在以上短語中 and連接的單數(shù)名詞，整個(gè) 短語在句中作主語時(shí)，謂 語動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。each man and each woman is asked to attend.no sound and no voice is heard.請(qǐng)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確 形式填空。1. three years(have)passed since they met last time, and

11、for them, three years (be) really along time.2. (be) everybodygoing to take part in the game this afternoon?3 my family (be)the largest one in our villagebesides, my family(be) all party members.4. the whole class(be) now listening to the teacher attentively.5 the news (be)very exciting.6. to learn

12、one or two foreignlanguages(be) veryimportant nowadays.7. the last and most difficultlesson (be) lesson14.8. i, who yourfriend, will try my best to help you.9 the scientist and engineer (have) invented a new machine.10. alice, together with herfriends , (be)punished for having broken the school rule

13、s.11. every girl and every boy (have) the right to join the club.12. (beshe or you to go an( the meeting?either attend一neitliershe nori(be).13 ancient and modern history (be) thesubjects we are studying.14. many a scientist (have) devoted their lives to science 15. the old (be)respected in our count

14、ry.選擇題：1 one or two days enough to see the city.a. is b. are c.amd. be2 . neither my wife nor imyselfable to persuademy daughter to change her mind.a. isbarec. has comec. am d. bed. have come3. not only i but also jane7. no one except my parentsand marytired ofanything about thisohaving one examinat

15、ion aftera. know b. knowscisanother.knownd. are knowna. isb. arec.am8. the teacher as well as thed. havestudentsthebook4. not the teacher, but thealready . a . hasreadstudentslookingb. have readforward to seeing the film.c . are reading disa. isb. arcc.amreadingd. be9. all but onein the5 . nobody bu

16、t betty andaccident.marylate forclassa. was killedyesterday.b. were killeda. was b . were c.hasc will bekilledbeen d. have beend. are killed6 . a woman withsome10. not only i but also janechildrensoon.and marvtired ofa. is cominghaving one examination afterb. are cominganother.a. isb. arec. am14. e-

17、mail, £is well asd. betelephones,an important11. a librarywith fivepart in daily communication.thousand booksto thea is playingb. havenation as a gift.playeda. is offeredb. hasc. are playingd. playoffered15.of theland in thatc. are offeredd. havedistrictcovered withofferedtrees and grass12. when and where to builda. two fifth; isb.twothe new factoryyet.a.fifth; arewas not decidedb. arec. two fifths; isd.twonot decidedc. has notfifths;