an Achilles heel

1、演講者：演講者： 1240311312403113 汪潔汪潔 1240311412403114 蔚藍(lán)蔚藍(lán)an Achilles heel1ORIGIN2STORY4AchillesUSAGE53An Achilles heelAchilles heel is a deadly weakness in spite of overall strength, which can actually or potentially lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idio

2、matic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.Achilles heel originated from the Homers epic(荷馬史詩）荷馬史詩）Iliad, Achilles is a hero in ancient Greek myth and literature.伊利亞特伊利亞特的主題是的主題是贊美古代英雄的剛強(qiáng)威贊美古代英雄的剛強(qiáng)威武、機(jī)智勇敢，謳歌他武、機(jī)智勇敢，謳歌他們?cè)谕愖鍛?zhàn)斗中所建們?cè)谕愖鍛?zhàn)斗中所建立的立的豐功偉績豐功偉績和和英雄主英

3、雄主義義、集體主義集體主義精神。精神。The Iliad covers just a few weeks of the tenth year of the long period over which the Greek forces laid siege圍攻圍攻 to the city of Troy. It is the Wrath憤怒憤怒 of Achilles his anger at losing his slave concubine Briseis, to Agamemnon which forms the theme of the Ilaid. 荷馬史詩荷馬史詩是保留在全體希臘

4、人記憶中的歷史。特洛伊是保留在全體希臘人記憶中的歷史。特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束以后，一些希臘城邦的民間歌手和民間藝人就將戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束以后，一些希臘城邦的民間歌手和民間藝人就將希臘人在戰(zhàn)爭中的英雄事跡和勝利的經(jīng)過編成歌詞、在公希臘人在戰(zhàn)爭中的英雄事跡和勝利的經(jīng)過編成歌詞、在公眾集會(huì)的場(chǎng)合吟唱、相傳，歷經(jīng)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)、經(jīng)過不斷的增眾集會(huì)的場(chǎng)合吟唱、相傳，歷經(jīng)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)、經(jīng)過不斷的增益和修改，成為定型作品。益和修改，成為定型作品。荷馬史詩荷馬史詩就向我們展示了就向我們展示了公元前公元前12世紀(jì)至公元前世紀(jì)至公元前9世紀(jì)時(shí)希臘人的社會(huì)狀況、以及世紀(jì)時(shí)希臘人的社會(huì)狀況、以及希臘人從氏族公社進(jìn)入奴隸制社會(huì)的過渡形態(tài)。希臘人從

5、氏族公社進(jìn)入奴隸制社會(huì)的過渡形態(tài)。為了抬為了抬高作為那些英雄的子孫們的希臘人，為了抬高那高作為那些英雄的子孫們的希臘人，為了抬高那些創(chuàng)作和傳播英雄業(yè)績的人們本身。能啟發(fā)人們些創(chuàng)作和傳播英雄業(yè)績的人們本身。能啟發(fā)人們的心智、鼓舞人們的斗志、引導(dǎo)人們緬懷祖先的的心智、鼓舞人們的斗志、引導(dǎo)人們緬懷祖先的英雄業(yè)績、繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)祖先的榮光、象英雄的祖英雄業(yè)績、繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)祖先的榮光、象英雄的祖先那樣去進(jìn)行生存斗爭。先那樣去進(jìn)行生存斗爭。 伊利亞特是荷馬史詩中直接描寫特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭的英雄史詩。 伊利亞特描述了一場(chǎng)轟轟烈烈的戰(zhàn)爭中最悲壯的一頁。它展示了戰(zhàn)爭的暴烈，和平的可貴；抒表了勝利的喜悅，失敗的痛苦；描述了英雄

6、的業(yè)績，征戰(zhàn)的艱難。它闡釋人和神的關(guān)系，審視人的屬性和價(jià)值；它評(píng)估人在戰(zhàn)爭中的得失，探索催使人們行動(dòng)的內(nèi)外因素；在一個(gè)神人匯雜、事實(shí)和想像并存、過去和現(xiàn)在交融的文學(xué)平面上對(duì)影響人的生活、決定人的思想、制導(dǎo)人的行為的一系列重大問題，進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)肅的、認(rèn)真的、有深度的探討。伊利亞特所觸及的一個(gè)最根本的問題是人生的有限和在這一有限的人生中人對(duì)生命和存在價(jià)值的索齲和平時(shí)期的生活是美好的Achilles is the son of the sea-nymph goddess Thetis西蒂斯 and the human Peleus珀琉斯He is a half man and half in gods

7、hero of the Trojan War,participated in the Trojan War, known as “the first Greek warrior”希臘第一勇士 Personal CharacterAchilles charactermultidimensional(多面的多面的)but the rally as an organic wholeCharacterstrengthsCharacterweaknessesDetailsgentlekindnessthe fighting spirit dignity and honorcherish the frie

8、ndself-willed and stubborn任性頑固任性頑固fierce brutality暴躁兇殘暴躁兇殘伊利亞特伊利亞特塑造了一系列古代英雄形象。塑造了一系列古代英雄形象。在他們身上，既集中了部落集體所要求的優(yōu)在他們身上，既集中了部落集體所要求的優(yōu)良品德，又突出了各人的性格特征。阿基里良品德，又突出了各人的性格特征。阿基里斯斯英勇善戰(zhàn)英勇善戰(zhàn)，每次上陣都使敵人望風(fēng)披靡。，每次上陣都使敵人望風(fēng)披靡。他他珍愛友誼珍愛友誼，一聽到好友陣亡的噩耗，悲痛，一聽到好友陣亡的噩耗，悲痛欲絕，憤而奔向戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)為友復(fù)仇。他對(duì)老人也欲絕，憤而奔向戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)為友復(fù)仇。他對(duì)老人也有有同情之心同情之心，允諾白發(fā)蒼蒼的

9、特洛伊老王歸，允諾白發(fā)蒼蒼的特洛伊老王歸還赫克托爾尸體的請(qǐng)求?？墒撬诌€赫克托爾尸體的請(qǐng)求?？墒撬职谅涡园谅涡裕瑸榱艘粋€(gè)女俘而和統(tǒng)帥鬧翻，退出戰(zhàn)斗，造為了一個(gè)女俘而和統(tǒng)帥鬧翻，退出戰(zhàn)斗，造成聯(lián)軍的慘敗。他成聯(lián)軍的慘敗。他暴躁兇狠暴躁兇狠，為了泄憤，竟，為了泄憤，竟將赫克托爾的尸體拴上戰(zhàn)車?yán)@城三圈。將赫克托爾的尸體拴上戰(zhàn)車?yán)@城三圈。 Relationship：Mother: ocean goddessThetis海洋女神西蒂斯Father: mortal heroPeleus凡人英雄珀琉斯Son: AchillesKilled: hero Hector英雄赫克托Killed Achille

10、s:Trojan prince Paris特洛伊王子帕里斯Informer: sun-godApollo太陽神阿波羅Mythical Allusion In Greek mythology, when Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis西蒂斯 took Achilles to the River Styx冥河, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and

11、dipped his body into the water. But as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles, several times made the Greek army turn the tables轉(zhuǎn)敗為勝 After Achilles killed Hector, he drove G

12、reeks to another battle which came to assisstant Trojan. The death of Achilles was not mentioned in Homers Iliad, but appeared in later Greek and Roman poetry and drama concerning events after the Iliad, later in the Trojan War. In the myths surrounding the war, Achilles was said to have died from a

13、 heel wound which was the result of an arrowpossibly poisonedshot by Paris， and guided by Apollo.Later generations often in “Achilles heel” parables of such a truth: even the most strong hero, he also has a fatal death or weakness.USAGE: the weak or vulnerable point of a person (organization, country, etc.)Examples:He would be an excellent candidate候選人 for the position. He has energy, knowledge and experience. But hes got an Achilles heelhis terrible temper. Three months ago he beat up a colleague in an argument. We will n