確定Unit4Grammar定語(yǔ)從句

1、Unit 4Grammar-定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Attributive clause What is the attribute(定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ))?1.He is an honest boy.(形容詞）形容詞）2.The falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky.(現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞）3. Whats your telephone number?（名詞）（名詞）4.The boys on the playground are playing basketballs.（介詞短語(yǔ)（介詞短語(yǔ)） 修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定語(yǔ)的除了

2、語(yǔ)的除了形容詞形容詞外，還有外，還有代詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)或相當(dāng)于于形容詞的詞形容詞的詞或或短語(yǔ)等短語(yǔ)等。定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ):a beautiful flower 美麗的花a tall boy 一位高個(gè)男孩my teacherthree boysclothes shop 服裝店the students in class 上課的學(xué)生們什么是定語(yǔ)從句什么是定語(yǔ)從句1.定義定義：在復(fù)合句中修飾限定主句中的名詞或代詞(即：修飾主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ))的句子叫定語(yǔ)從句（形容詞性從句）2.位置位置：定語(yǔ)從句一般放在所修飾的詞的后面。3.結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞先行詞 + + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 +

3、+ 從句從句 被定語(yǔ)從句被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞修飾的名詞或代詞或代詞引導(dǎo)從句的引導(dǎo)從句的單詞單詞This is a beautiful .Attributive clauseantecedentRelative word先行詞先行詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞song we like which 在復(fù)合句中在復(fù)合句中, , 修飾或限定某一修飾或限定某一_ _ 詞或詞或 _詞詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。 主句中被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞主句中被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫叫 _。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做 _ _ 或或 _。先行詞先行詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞名名代代關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞

4、定義定義：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的單詞叫做關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞可分為：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞:如：that, which, who, whom, whose等；關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞:如：why, when, where等。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞的基本用法:Which boy is JackWhich boy is Jack? ? Jack is the boy is smiling. Jackwho Jack is the boy wears glasses. . Jackwho指人指人: : who ( (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) ) who指人指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)例句：例句：(1) The boys _

5、are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man _lost his way. (3)Children_ eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.whowhowhoThe girlThe girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw her yesterday is Mary.指人指人: : whom/who( (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ), ,可省略可省略) )whomwho 避免重復(fù)避免重復(fù) whom指人指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，在

6、定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)， 可省略?？墒÷浴?例句：例句：(1) Mr. Liu is the person _you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy _ I want to see. 注意注意：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用中常用who代替，可省略。代替，可省略。 (whom)(whom)The ball is hers.The ball is hers.which is redShe likes the ball.The ball is red.she likeswhich指物指物: :

7、which( (主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省) )It is red. which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主 語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略 (1) Football is a game _ is liked by most boys. （作主語(yǔ)）（作主語(yǔ)）(2) This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. （作賓語(yǔ)）（作賓語(yǔ)）which（which）I think highly of Mo Yan and his works _ all the Chinese people are proud of.

8、that( )既可指人，既可指人，又可指物又可指物: : that I think highly of Mo Yan and his works _are famous all over the world. that(主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省) that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者或者whom； 指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which,可與之互換?？膳c之互換。 在定語(yǔ)從句中在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。 (1) The number of the people _ come to visit the city each

9、 year is increasing.(2) Where is the man _ I saw this morning? that/who(that/who/whom)Which boy is JackWhich boy is Jack? ? Jack is the boy who is smiling./that Jack is the boy who wears glasses./thatThe girl we saw yesterday is Mary./that whom/whoThe ball which is red is hers./thatThe ball which sh

10、e likes is red. /thatWhich house is mine?The house is mine.whose roof is brownmy houseThe house is mine. My houses roof is brown.指物指物: : whose( (定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)) )She is a beautiful girl eyes are big. Herwhose指人指人: : whose( (定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)) )Whose 既可以指人，又可指物既可以指人，又可指物 在定語(yǔ)從句中做在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ),表示表示 一種從屬關(guān)系一種從屬關(guān)系, 即即“ （人）的（人）的”“

11、”“（物）的（物）的”(1) The room _ window faces south is mine. 窗戶(hù)朝南的那個(gè)房間是我的。窗戶(hù)朝南的那個(gè)房間是我的。(2) I once lived in a house _ roof has fallen in. 我曾經(jīng)住在屋頂?shù)顾囊粋€(gè)房子里我曾經(jīng)住在屋頂?shù)顾囊粋€(gè)房子里。whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替：指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替： 可用可用of which代替，但代替，但語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序不同不同 即即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of which， 或或= of which + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如： whosewhose

12、l (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _is broken will soon be repaired. l= The classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired.l(4) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book _ lis yellow? =Do you like the book _ is yellow? the door of whi

13、chof which the doorthe cover of which of which the cover1.1.連接連接主從句主從句2.2.指代指代先行詞先行詞3.3.在定語(yǔ)從句中在定語(yǔ)從句中作句子成分作句子成分The usage of relative pronouns2) The _ you just talked to is Mr. Li. whom/who/that( )3) I like the _you bought yesterday. The _ visited our schoolyesterday is from Canada.who/thatSubject(主語(yǔ)主

14、語(yǔ))Object(賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))5) _ parents are dead is lonely. whosewhich/that6) I have a _window faces south. 4) This is a _helps us learn English. Attribute(定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ))which/thatwhoseSubject(主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ))Object(賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)) Attribute(定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)) ( )foreignerbookdictionaryTomroompersonAttention：當(dāng)以下情況時(shí)，當(dāng)以下情況時(shí)，that 與與 which 不可互換不可互換：（1）.Every

15、thing _ can be done has been done.（2）.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?1.先行詞是先行詞是everything, something, nothing, anything, all, few, much, little, none, some等不定代詞時(shí)，等不定代詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用thatthatthat1.Ive read all the books _ you lent me. 2.This is the very book _ I am looking for. 2. 先行詞被先

16、行詞被any, some, no, every, much, few, little, all, the very, the only, last 修飾修飾時(shí)時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that 。thatthat3.1.The writer and his works _ the radio broadcast greatly attracted us.2.They are talking about the teachers and things _ they remembered in school.先行詞中先行詞中既有人又有事物既有人又有事物時(shí)，時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用th

17、at .thatthat4.1.This is the best film_ I have ever seen.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.先行詞先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用定語(yǔ)從句用that 。thatthat5.1.Who is the man is standing by the gate ?2.Which is the T-shirt fits me most ?thatthat當(dāng)主句是當(dāng)主句是以以Who 或或 Which 開(kāi)頭的特

18、殊疑開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)句時(shí)時(shí)1.This is the most interesting film _ I have ever seen.2.The third place _ we are going to visit is New York.3.This is the only food _ I can find for you.4.The students and things _ you spoke of are known to us.5.Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory?最高級(jí)最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞the onl

19、y, the very, any, no, all等修飾等修飾既有人又有物既有人又有物已有已有whowho或或whichwhich時(shí)時(shí)thatthatthatthatthat 帶定語(yǔ)從句的諺語(yǔ)：帶定語(yǔ)從句的諺語(yǔ)：1. God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。天助自助者。2. He who laughs last laughs best. 誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑的最好。誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑的最好。3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。Translate

20、some proverbs:1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair_ is

21、over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. (NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in

22、 the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it10. He paid the bo

23、y $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 填空：填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. He is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _ will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _ I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat6. Tom is the first boy _ left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.8. You can read any book _ I have.9. That was the year _ I went to Ame