非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語及后置定語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)資料

1、1蒼松優(yōu)選step1: review謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中充當(dāng)_的動(dòng)詞，有行的動(dòng)詞，有行為動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞等幾種。為動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞等幾種。非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括主要包括_，即動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式。即動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式。 非謂語動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，非謂語動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以承擔(dān)句子的其他成分?？梢猿袚?dān)句子的其他成分。 謂語謂語不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）2蒼松優(yōu)選找出下列句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞

2、及非謂語動(dòng)詞找出下列句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞及非謂語動(dòng)詞1. i hope to be admitted to a famous university. to be admitted 不定式不定式2. thank you for inviting me . inviting 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞3. feeling exhausted, i dont feel like doing anything. feeling 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞 doing4. given more time, you will make given 過去分詞過去分詞 greater progress. 3蒼松優(yōu)選 時(shí)間、

3、原因、目的、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式和伴隨結(jié)果、條件、方式和伴隨step2: 非謂語非謂語動(dòng)詞做狀語動(dòng)詞做狀語 一：狀語一：狀語 說明說明_狀況等。狀況等。 二：形式二：形式 不定式不定式 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞過去分詞三：使用條件三：使用條件 一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語動(dòng)詞）動(dòng)詞）,又沒有連詞。又沒有連詞。 she got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. she got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.(1)主動(dòng)主

4、動(dòng) doing(2)被動(dòng)被動(dòng) done(3)主動(dòng)主動(dòng)+完成完成 having done(4)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)+完成完成 having been done(5)將來將來 to do(6)將來將來+被動(dòng)被動(dòng) to be done(7)進(jìn)行進(jìn)行+被動(dòng)被動(dòng) being done4蒼松優(yōu)選1.作條件狀語作條件狀語1.adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent. = if we adopt this method, we will raise2.if you turn to the right, you will find

5、 a path leading to his cottage.=turning to the right, you will 3.given more time, i can do better.=if i was given more time, i can5蒼松優(yōu)選2.作原因狀語作原因狀語1. born in the village, he knows a lot of people there.=as he was born in the village, he knows2. because he was ill, he didnt go to school.=being ill, h

6、e didnt3.作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語_(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.approaching 6蒼松優(yōu)選4.作伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語1. after his journey from abroad, richard jones returned home, _.a. exhausting b. exhausted c. being exhausted d. having exhausted2. the poor man, _ , ran out of the dark c

7、ave. a. trembled and frightened b. trembling and frightened c. trembling and frightening d. trembled and frightening 7蒼松優(yōu)選5.作目的狀語作目的狀語 1. 他他發(fā)給我一封電子郵件，發(fā)給我一封電子郵件，希望希望能得到進(jìn)一步能得到進(jìn)一步的信息。的信息。 he sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.2. when asked why he went there, he said he was sent there

8、_for a space flight. a. training b. being trained c. to have trained d. to be trained8蒼松優(yōu)選6.作結(jié)果狀語作結(jié)果狀語1. the news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film star had left.a. to tell b. to be told c. telling d. told2. the news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at scho

9、ol. a. having led b. led c. leading d. to lead9蒼松優(yōu)選 用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下列句子：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下列句子：1._around the labs, we were taken to the library .(show)2._in the countryside for a long time, he is good at farming.(live)3._by me now, the dictionary cant be lent to you.(use)4. she walked as fast as possible , _

10、to catch the train.(hope)5._any answer , he began to write again.(not receive)6._as a means of transport in china, the bike is useful. (use)having been shownhaving livedbeing usedhopingnot having receivedused 10蒼松優(yōu)選過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意語，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致。人稱一致。 1）_from the top of the h

11、ill, the city looks more beautiful to us.2）_ from the hill , we find the city very beautiful.seen seeing11蒼松優(yōu)選否則否則分詞短語就要有自己的邏輯主語分詞短語就要有自己的邏輯主語, 這種結(jié)這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).1.all our savings gone, we started looking for jobs. 2. he rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.12蒼松優(yōu)選 （ ）being a fine

12、 day, we went out for an outing. （ ）as it was a fine day, we went out for an outing. （ ）it being a fine day, we went out for an outing. （ ）hearing the news, tears came to my eyes. （ ）hearing the news, i burst into tears. （ ）when i heard the news, tears came to my eyes.判斷題判斷題true or false。tftttf13蒼松優(yōu)

13、選step3: 在寫作中在寫作中巧用非謂語動(dòng)詞巧用非謂語動(dòng)詞 14蒼松優(yōu)選 （1） 使用現(xiàn)在分詞。如：使用現(xiàn)在分詞。如： 原原we had a short rest. then we began to play happily. we sang and danced. some told stories. some played chess. 改改after a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing， telling jokes and playing chess. （2） 使用過去分詞。如：使用過去分詞。如： 原原h(huán)e was satisfied with the result. he decided to go on with a new experiment. 改改 satisfied with the result， he decided to go on with a new experiment.15蒼松優(yōu)選16蒼松優(yōu)選17蒼松優(yōu)選18蒼松優(yōu)選step4:總結(jié)總結(jié)19蒼松優(yōu)選1、使用